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Current Ramp-up by Microwave Power in the LATE Device

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 394-396页

作者： Takashi MAEKAWA Hitoshi tanaka Masaki UCHIDA Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University

In the low aspect ratio torus experiment （LATE） device, plasma current is initiated and ramped up to 20 kA solely by microwave power at the electron cyclotron （EC） range of frequency with a ramp of the external vertical field By for the radial equilibrium of plasma torus at larger currents. Measurements suggest that an energetic electron tail in the energy range of about 200 keV carries the current. The line averaged electron density is higher than the plasma cutoff density, suggesting that tail electrons might be driven by electron Bernstein waves modeconverted from the launched electromagnetic waves.

关键词： current ramp-up microwave electron cyclotron range of frequency

The impact of tropical land-use change on downstream riverine and estuarine water properties and biogeochemical cycles: a review

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 528-548页

作者： Yasuaki tanaka Elizerberth Minggat Wardina Roseli Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamJalan Tungku LinkGadong BE1410Brunei Darussalam

Tropical primary forests have been disappearing quickly to make use of the land for commercial ***-use change has an impact on downstream aquatic processes,but those impacts have mainly been studied in temperate climate *** present article reviews the impacts of various tropical land-use changes caused by human activities on downstream riverine and estuarine water properties and biogeochemical cycles,focusing especially on the behaviors of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).Logging of tropical primary forests,subsequent establishment of pasture lands,and occasional wildfire or intentional burning have decreased terrestrial N fixation and increased the discharge of P combined with soils,which has lowered the N:P ratio of dissolved inorganic nutrients in the adjacent stream waters and downstream *** fertilizers and aquacultural practices basically cause nutrient enrichment in downstream riverine and estuarine waters,changing the N:P ratio depending on the ***,urbanization causes eutrophication in many tropical estuaries,where a halocline forms easily because of a warm temperature throughout the year and the water at the bottom of the estuary tends to become hypoxic or ***,the impact of land-use change on aquatic processes may be more serious in tropical regions than in temperate or cold climate regions because of(1)a higher biomass and nutrient stock in original tropical forests;(2)higher precipitation,more frequent episodic flooding,and warmer temperatures in tropical regions;and(3)certain practices that are rapidly expanding in tropical regions such as land-based *** land-use changes are causing downstream nutrient enrichment or disturbance of the nutrient balance at tropical land-sea interfaces,and the overall N:P ratios in the aquatic ecosystem seem to be ***,if proper management is conducted and the discharge of nutrients and soils ceases,tropical aquatic systems may have the pote

关键词： Deforestation Land-use change Eutrophication Water quality Hypoxia Environmental monitoring Aquatic conservation Water resources

Improving quality measures in colonoscopy and its therapeutic intervention

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13027-13034页

作者： Akira Horiuchi Naoki tanaka Digestive Disease Center Showa Inan General Hospital Komagane 399-4117 Japan Laboratory of Metabolism National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 United States

Colonoscopy with polypectomy has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer. The critical element in the quality of colonoscopy in terms of polyp detection and removal continues to be the performance of the endoscopist, independent of patient-related factors. Improved results in terms of polyp detection and complete removal have implications regarding the development of screening and surveillance intervals and the reduction of interval cancers after negative colonoscopy. Advances in colonoscopy techniques such as high-definition colonoscopy, hood-assisted colonoscopy and dye-based chromoendoscopy have improved the detection of small and flat-type colorectal polyps. Virtual chromoendoscopy has not proven to improve polyp detection but may be useful to predict polyp pathology. The majority of polyps can be removed endoscopically. Available polypectomy techniques include cold forceps polypectomy, cold snare polypectomy, conventional polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection. The preferred choice depends on the polyp size and characteristics. Other useful techniques include colonoscopic hemostasis for acute colonic diverticular bleeding, endoscopic decompression using colonoscopic stenting, and transanal tube placement for colorectal obstruction. Here we review the current knowledge concerning the improvement of quality measures in colonoscopy and colonoscopy-related therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Colonoscopy Polypectomy Hemostasis Endoscopic decompression Colorectal polyp Colonic diverticular bleeding Colorectal obstruction Gastrointestinal endoscopy

Molecular design and application of luminescent materials composed of group 13 elements with an aggregation-induced emission property

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National Science Review 2021年第6期8卷 80-93页

作者： Shunichiro Ito Masayuki Gon Kazuo tanaka Yoshiki Chujo Department of Polymer Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto University

Complexation of π-conjugated ligands by metal or semimetal ions leads to the enhancement of the planarity and rigidity of π-conjugated systems. Boron, especially, has played a central role in the design of luminescent main-group complexes. However, these complexes still suffer the disadvantage of aggregation-caused quenching as well as typical organic fluorophores. It has recently been reported that some types of boron complexes exhibit the aggregation-induced emission(AIE) property. Moreover, AIE behavior from complexes and organometallic compounds composed of the other group 13 elements, such as aluminum and gallium, has emerged in this decade. These observations greatly encourage us to develop advanced functional materials based on the group 13 elements. Indeed, recent research has demonstrated that these classes of materials are potentially versatile scaffolds for constructing chromic luminophores,efficiently emissive π-conjugated polymers and so on. This review mainly describes AIE-active group 13 complexes with four-coordinate structures and their application as photo-functional materials. Proposed mechanisms of the origins of AIE behavior are briefly discussed.

关键词： aggregation-induced emission crystallization-induced emission chromism conjugated polymer group 13

What will happen in patients with advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第3期8卷 283-285页

作者： Takefumi Kimura Naoki tanaka Eiji tanaka Molecular Signaling Section Laboratory of Bioorganic ChemistryNational Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyShinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan Department of Metabolic Regulation Shinshu University School of MedicineMatsumotoJapan International Research Center for Agricultural Food Industry Shinshu UniversityMatsumotoJapan

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and advanced form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)have been become globally major chronic liver diseases(1,2).NAFLD is one of the leading causes of liver cirrhosis,hepatic failure,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)(3).A large number of retrospective studies reported the importance of hepatic fibrosis with NAFLD patients as the strongest factor of liver-related mortality(4,5).On the other hand,NAFLD patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis are thought to have higer risk of developing vascular events and extrahepatic cancers because of the high prevalence of coexisting cardiometabolic risk factors,such as hypertension,diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia,and obesity(6).However,since former literatures included only few NAFLD patients with advanced hepatic fibrosis,it is hard to estimate the accurate risk on the whole spectrum of these complications.

关键词： patients hepatic NAFLD

A solution to Tingley's problem for isometries between the unit spheres of compact C~*-algebras and JB~*-triples

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第3期62卷 553-568页

作者： Antonio M.Peralta Ryotaro tanaka Departamento de Ana'lisis Matem'atico Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada Faculty of Mathematics Kyushu University

Let f : S(E) → S(B) be a surjective isometry between the unit spheres of two weakly compact JB*-triples not containing direct summands of rank less than or equal to 3. Suppose E has rank greater than or equal to 5. Applying techniques developed in JB*-triple theory, we prove that f admits an extension to a surjective real linear isometry T : E → B. Among the consequences, we show that every surjective isometry between the unit spheres of two compact C*-algebras A and B, without assuming any restriction on the rank of their direct summands(and in particular when A = K(H) and B = K(H′)), extends to a surjective real linear isometry from A into B. These results provide new examples of infinite-dimensional Banach spaces where Tingley's problem admits a positive answer.

关键词： Tingley’s problem extension of isometries JB*-triples compact operators

First-principles screening of structural properties of intermetallic compounds on martensitic transformation

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npj Computational Materials 2017年第1期3卷 23-36页

作者： Joohwi Lee Yuji Ikeda Isao tanaka Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Elements Strategy Initiative for Structure Materials(ESISM) Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Center for Materials Research by Information Integration National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)Tsukuba 305-0047 IbarakiJapan Nanostructures Research Laboratory Japan Fine Ceramics CenterNagoya 456-8587 AichiJapan Toyota Central R&D Laboratories Inc.Nagakute 480-1192 AichiJapan

Martensitic transformation with good structural compatibility between parent and martensitic phases are required for shape memory alloys(SMAs)in terms of functional *** this study,first-principles-based materials screening is systematically performed to investigate the intermetallic compounds with the martensitic phases by focusing on energetic and dynamical stabilities as well as structural compatibility with the parent *** B2,D0_(3),and L2_(1) crystal structures are considered as the parent phases,and the 2H and 6M structures are considered as the martensitic *** total,3384 binary and 3243 ternary alloys with stoichiometric composition ratios are *** is found that 187 alloys survive after the *** of the surviving alloys are constituted by the chemical elements already widely used in SMAs,but other various metallic elements are also found in the surviving *** energetic stability of the surviving alloys is further analyzed by comparison with the data in Materials Project Database(MPD)to examine the alloys whose martensitic structures may cause further phase separation or transition to the other structures.

关键词： martensitic intermetallic alloys

INFLUENCE OF THREAD PITCH ON LOAD DISTRIBUTION ON THREADED END OF PRESSURE CYLINDER

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 1998年第4期11卷 36-41页

作者： Kobayashi, Mitsuo Hongo, Kaoru tanaka, Michihiko Kogakuin Univ Tokyo Japan

One of the design methods for closing the end of a pressure cylinder is to screw down a screw plug on the threaded end of the cylinder. In this case, there is the problem of stress concentration in the threaded end of the pressure cylinder. To solve the problem, it is necessary to know accurately the load distribution on the threaded end of the cylinder. To find the load distribution on the threaded end of the pressure cylinder engaged with the screw plug, the following experiments are carried out. Applying the tensile load between the screw plug and the pressure cylinder and regarding the situation above as equivalent to the situation in which the internal pressure is applied, the load distribution is measured with the strain gauge. The influence of thread pitch on the load distribution on the threaded end of the cylinder is presented and an optimum pitch for design is discussed.

关键词： Pressure cylinder Screw plug Threaded end Load distribution Experiment analysis

Theoretical study of current-voltage characteristics of carbon nanotube wire functionalized with hydrogen atoms

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Science China Chemistry 2012年第5期55卷 796-801页

作者： FUENO Hiroyuki KOBAYASHI Yoshikazu tanaka Kazuyoshi Department of Molecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan

A functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) of a finite length with a ring-like hydrogenation around its surface is designed toward fabrication of a molecular field-effect transistor (FET) device. The molecular wire thus designed is equipped with a quantum dot inside, which is confirmed by theoretical analysis for electronic transport. In particular, the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics under influence of the gate voltage are discussed in detail.

关键词： single-walled carbon nanotube molecular field-effect transistor molecular wire electron transport