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Effects of Ocean Particles on the Upwelling Radiance and Polarized Radiance in the Atmosphere–Ocean System

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2015年第9期32卷 1186-1196页

作者： SHI Chong WANG Pucai Teruyuki nakajima Yoshifumi OTA TAN Saichun SHI Guangyu Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Earth Observation Research Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2-1-1 Sengen Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on a vector radiative transfer model of the atmosphere–ocean system,the influence of oceanic components on radiation processes,including polarization effects,was investigated in the wavelength region ranging from 0.380 to 0.865 μ*** components considered were phytoplankton,inorganic suspended material（sediment）,and colored,dissolved organic *** to their important roles in oceanic radiation processes,the sensitivity of the bidirectional reflectance to the rough ocean surface,represented by the wind velocity 10 m above the ocean surface,and aerosol,were taken into *** results demonstrated that both radiance and polarized radiance just below the ocean surface were sensitive to the change of the concentrations of the considered components,while the dependence of polarized radiance on the observation geometry was more sensitive than *** differences in the specular plane existed between the impacts of the phytoplankton and sediment on the degree of polarization just above the ocean surface at 670 *** the top of the atmosphere（TOA）,polarization was relatively insensitive to changing concentrations of ocean particles at longer ***,the radiance at the TOA in the solar plane was more sensitive to the aerosol optical thickness than wind *** contrast,wind velocity strongly influenced the radiance at the TOA in the sun glint region,while the polarization degree showed less dependence in that ***,a nonlinear optimal inversion method was proposed to simultaneously retrieve the aerosol and wind velocity using radiance measurement.

关键词： ocean particles atmosphere–ocean system radiative transfer polarization ocean color

Mictomagnetism and suppressed thermal conduction of the prototype high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第4期99卷 55-60页

作者： Jianyan Yang Weijun Ren Xinguo Zhao Tatsuya Kikuchi Ping Miao Kenji nakajima Bing Li Zhidong Zhang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China J-PARC Center Japan Atomic Energy AgencyTokai 319-1112IbarakiJapan Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization(KEK)Tokai 319-1106IbarakiJapan Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803GuangdongChina

High-entropy alloys are characteristic of extensive atomic occupational disorder on high-symmetric lattices,differing from traditional ***,we investigate the magnetic and thermal transport properties of the prototype face-centered-cubic high-entropy alloy CrMnFeCoNi by combining physical properties measurements and neutron ***-current and alternating-current magnetizations measurements indicate a mictomagnetic behavior with coexisting antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic interactions below room temperature and three anomalies are found at about 80,40,and 20 K,which are related to the paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition,the antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic transition,and the spin freezing,*** electrical and thermal conductivities are significantly reduced compared to Ni,and the temperature dependence of lattice thermal conductivity exhibits a glasslike *** neutron scattering measurements suggest weak anharmonicity so that the thermal transport is expected to be dominated by the defect scattering.

关键词： High-entropy alloys Magnetism Inelastic neutron scattering Lattice dynamics Thermal conductivity

Influence of Changes in Solar Radiation on Changes of Surface Temperature in China

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Acta meteorologica Sinica 2013年第1期27卷 87-97页

作者：张华尹青 Teruyuki nakajima Nakata Mukai MAKIKO 卢鹏何金海 Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological Administration Meteorological Center of Air Force in Beijing Military Area Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Center for Earth Surface System Dynamics Atmosphere and Ocean Research InstituteUniversity of Tokyo Kinki University

The long-term trends of total surface solar radiation （SSR）, surface diffuse radiation, and surface air temperature were analyzed in this study based on updated 48-yr data from 55 observational stations in China, and then the correlation between SSR and the diurnal temperature range （DTR） was studied. The effect of total solar radiation on surface air temperature in China was investigated on the basis of the above analyses. A strong correlation between SSR and DTR was found for the period 1961-2008 in China. The highest correlation and steepest regression line slope occurred in winter, indicating that the solar radiation effect on DTR was the largest in this season. Clouds and water vapor have strong influences on both SSR and DTR, and hence on their relationship. The largest correlations between SSR and DTR occurred in wintertime in northern China, regardless of all-day （including clear days and cloudy days） or clear-day cases. Our results also showed that radiation arriving at the surface in China decreased significantly during 1961-1989 （dimming period）, but began to increase during 1990 2008 （brightening period）, in agreement with previous global studies. The reduction of total SSR offset partially the greenhouse warming during 1961-1989. However, with the increase of SSR after 1990, this offsetting effect vanished; on the contrary, it even made a contribution to the accelerated warming. Nonetheless, the greenhouse warming still played a controlling role because of the increasing of minimum and mean surface temperatures in the whole study period of 1961-2008. We estimated that the greenhouse gases alone may have caused surface temperatures to rise by 0.31-0.46℃ （10 yr）^-1 during 1961-2008, which is higher than previously estimated. Analysis of the corresponding changes in total solar radiation, diffuse radiation, and total cloud cover indicated that the dimming and brightening phenomena in China were likely attributable to increases in absorptive and scattering

关键词： global dimming/brightening global warming surface solar radiation surface air temperature

Malignancies associated with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第36期11卷 5688-5690页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Naoto Egawa Hitoshi nakajima Kouji Tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Tokyo Japan

AIM： As intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm （IPMN） has a favorable prognosis, associated malignancies have potential significance in these patients. We examined the incidence and characteristics of pre-existing, coexisting and subsequent malignancies in patients with IPMN. METHODS： Seventy-nine cases of IPMN were diagnosed by detection of mucous in the pancreatic duct during endoscopic retrograde pancreatography. Histological diagnosis was confirmed in 30 cases （adenoma （n = 19） and adenocarcinoma （n = 11）. Other primary malignancies associated with IPMN, occurring in the prediagnostic or postdiagnostic period, were investigated. Postdiagnostic follow-up period was 3.3±0.5 years （range, 0.2-20 years）. RESULTS： Other 40 malignancies occurred in 28 patients （35%）. They were found before （n = 15）, at （n = 19） and after （n = 6） the diagnosis of IPMT. Major associated malignancies were gastric cancer （n = 12）, colonic cancer （n = 7）, esophageal cancer （n = 4）, pulmonary cancer （n = 4）, and independent pancreatic cancer （n = 3）. Pancreatic cancer was synchronous with IPMN in two patients and metachronous in one （3 years after diagnosis of IPMN）. Thirty-one lesions were treated surgically or endoscopically. Fourteen patients died of associated cancers. Development of other malignancies was related to age （71.9±8.2 v566.8±9.3, P〈0.05）, but not to gender or site of the tumor. CONCLUSION： IPMN is associated with a high incidence of other malignancies, particularly gastric and colonic cancers. Common genetic mechanisms between IPMN and other associated malignancies might be present. Clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of associated malignancies in preoperative screening and follow-up of patients with IPMN. 2005 The WJG Press and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms Pancreas Gastric cancer Colonic cancer

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with advanced fibrosis as a multi-systemic disease: proceed with caution

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第2期8卷 170-172页

作者： Masato Yoneda Yuji Ogawa Kento Imajo Atsushi nakajima Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yokohama City University Graduate School of MedicineYokohamaJapan

Accompanying the current epidemics of metabolic syndrome(MS)and obesity caused by westernization of lifestyles,the incidences of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)have been increasing worldwide over the last few decades(1).Now,NAFLD has a global prevalence estimated at 25%of the world population,with some geographical;the highest prevalences are in the South America and Middle ***,NAFLD has become recognized as the most common liver disease worldwide(2).

关键词： NAFLD prevalence liver

Usefulness of biopsying the major duodenal papilla to diagnose autoimmune pancreatitis:A prospective study using IgG4-immunostaining

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第13期12卷 2031-2033页

作者： Terumi Kamisawa Yuyang Tu Hitoshi nakajima Naoto Egawa Kouji Tsuruta Atsutake Okamoto Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 Honkomagome Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan Department of Surgery Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital 3-18-22 Honkomagome Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan

AIM： TO examine the histological and immunohistochemical findings of biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of autoimmune pancreatitis （AIP） patients. METHODS： The major duodenal papilla in the resected pancreas of 3 patients with AIP and of 5 control patients [pancreatic carcinoma （n = 3） and chronic alcoholic pancreatitis （17 = 2）] was immunostained using anti-CD4-T cell, CD8-T cell and IgG4 antibodies. Forceps biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of 2 patients with AIP and 5 control patients with suspected papillitis were prospectively taken during duodenoscopy and immunohistochemically examined. RESULTS： Moderate or severe Iymphoplasmacytic in- filtration including many CD4-positive or CD8-positive T lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells （≥10/HPF）, was observed in the major duodenal papilla of all 3 patients with AIR The same findings were also detected in the biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla of 2 patients with/kiP, but in controls, there were only a few （≤3/HPF） IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrating the major duodenal papilla. CONCLUSIONS： An abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is specifically detected in the major duodenal papilla of patients with A/P. Although this is a preliminary study, IgG4-immunostaining of biopsy specimens taken from the major duodenal papilla may support the diagnosis of AIR

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis IgG4 Major duo-denal papilla

E2FBP1 antagonizes the p16^(INK4A)-Rb tumor suppressor machinery for growth suppression and cellular senescence by regulating promyelocytic leukemia protein stability

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第4期3卷 200-208页

作者： Yayoi Fukuyo Akiko Takahashi Eiji Hara Nobuo Horikoshi Tej K. Pandita Takuma nakajima Department of Immunology Tulane National Primate Research Center Section of Bacterial Pathogenesis Graduate School Tokyo Medical and Dental University Division of Cancer Biology The Cancer Institute Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Division of Molecular Radiation Biology Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Cellular senescence is an irreversible cell cycle arrest triggered by the activation of oncogenes or mitogenic signaling as well as the enforced expression of tumor suppressors such as p53, p16INK4A and promyelocytic leukemia protein （PML） in normal cells. E2F-binding protein 1 （E2FBP1）, a transcription regulator for E2F, induces PML reduction and suppresses the formation of PML-nuclear bodies, whereas the down-regulation of E2FBP1 provokes the PML-dependent premature senescence in human normal fibroblasts. Here we report that the depletion of E2FBP1 induces the accumulation of PML through the Ras-dependent activation of MAP kinase signaling. The cellular levels of p16INK4A and p53 are elevated during premature senescence induced by depletion of E2FBP1, and the depletion of p16INK4A, but not p53 rescued senescent cells from growth arrest. Therefore, the premature senescence induced by E2FBP1 depletion is achieved through the pl6INK4A-Rb pathway. Similar to human normal fibroblasts, the growth inhibition induced by E2FBP1 depletion is also observed in human tumor cells with intact p16INK4A and Rb. These results suggest that E2FBP1 functions as a critical antagonist to the pI6INK4A-Rb tumor suppressor machinery by regulating PML stability.

关键词： E2F-binding protein 1 senescence cell cycle ubiquitin promyelocytic leukemia protein

Fasting biochemical hypoglycemia and related-factors in nondiabetic population: Kanagawa Investigation of Total Check-up Data from National Database-8

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第7期12卷 1131-1140页

作者： Kotone Tanaka Ryoko Higuchi Kaori Mizusawa Teiji Nakamura Kei nakajima Graduate School of Health Innovation Kanagawa University of Human ServicesKawasaki 210-0821Japan School of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health and Social ServicesKanagawa University of Human ServicesYokosuka 238-8522Japan Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Saitama Medical CenterSaitama Medical UniversityKawagoe 350-8550Japan

BACKGROUND In healthy people,the lowest daily blood glucose concentration is usually observed in the early morning,after overnight ***,the clinical relevance and the prevalence of fasting biochemical hypoglycemia(FBH)are poorly understood in people who do not have diabetes,although the clinical implications of such hypoglycemia have been extensively studied in patients with *** can be influenced by many factors,including age,sex,body mass,smoking,alcohol drinking,exercise levels,medications,and eating behaviors,such as breakfast skipping and late-night *** To determine the prevalence of FBH and investigated its association with potential risk factors in a population without *** Clinical parameters and lifestyle-related factors were assessed in a cross-sectional study of 695613 people aged 40-74 years who had undergone a health check-up(390282 men and 305331 women).FBH was defined as fasting plasma glucose<70 mg/dL(3.9 mmol/L)after overnight fasting,regardless of any *** absence of diabetes was defined as HbA1c<6.5%,fasting plasma glucose<126 mg/dL(7.0 mmol/L),and no pharmacotherapy for *** logistic regression analysis,with adjustment for confounding factors,was used to identify *** FBH was present in 1842 participants(0.26%).There were significantly more women in the FBH group(59.1%)than in the non-FBH group(43.9%).Values of most of the clinical parameters,but not age,were significantly lower in the FBH group than in the non-FBH *** regression analysis showed that a body mass index of≤20.9 kg/m2(reference:21-22.9 kg/m2)and current smoking were significantly associated with FBH,and this was not altered by adjustment for age,sex,and pharmacotherapy for hypertension or *** sex was associated with *** the data were analyzed according to sex,men in their 60s or 70s appeared more likely to experience FBH compared with their 40s,whereas men in their 50s and

关键词： Hypoglycemia Body mass index Age Smoking Women Breakfast skipping

Cost-effectiveness analysis of subsidy schemes for industrial timber development and carbon sequestration in Japanese forest plantations

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第1期22卷 1-12页

作者： Tohru nakajima Hidesato Kanomata Mitsuo Matsumoto Satoshi Tatsuhara Norihiko Shiraishi Laboratory of Global Forest Environmental Studies Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of Tokyo1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 1 Matsunosato Tsukuba 305-8687 Japan Laboratory of Forest Management Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8657 Japan

This study uses simulations to investigate the effects of implementing two different Japanese forestry subsidy systems on timber production and carbon stock, and examines the consequences for harvesting strategies. An existing Local Yield Table Construction System （LYCS）, a wood conversion algorithm, and a harvesting cost model were used in the simulations to test the applicability of different subsidies to the thinning of stands. Using forest inventory data collected by local government staff, simulation output was used to calculate forestry profits, carbon stocks, subsidies, the amount of labor required, and the cost effectiveness of investing in subsidies. By comparing the output of simulations based on two scenarios, we found that both the clear-cutting area and the amount of harvested timber were larger under Scenario 2, in which the rules governing subsidy allocations are more relaxed, than under Scenario 1, in which the rules are more restrictive. Because the harvested timber under Scenario 1 was mainly produced by clear-cutting, the forestry profits and the subsidy predicted in the early period of the simulation, were larger under Scenario 1 than under Scenario 2. In contrast, the carbon stock was larger under Scenario 2 than under Scenario 1. The simulation model is likely to be useful for improving Plan-Do-Check-Act cyclesimplemented in Japanese forest management systems.

关键词： carbon stock forestry profits subsidy timber production