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Assessment for soil loss by using a scheme of alterative sub-models based on the RUSLE in a Karst Basin of Southwest China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第2期16卷 377-388页

作者： CHEN Hao takashi oguchi WU Pan School of Political Science and Public Administration Huaqiao University Quanzhou 362021 P.R. China Department of Natural Environment Studies The University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8568 Japan Center for Spatial Information Science The University of Tokyo Kashiwa 277-8568 Japan College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 P.R. China

Accurate assessment of soil loss caused by rainfall is essential for natural and agricultural resources management. Soil erosion directly affects the environment and human sustainability. In this work, the empirical and contemporary model of revised universal soil loss equation （RUSLE） was applied for simulating the soil erosion rate in a karst catchment using remote sensing data and geographical information systems. A scheme of alterative sub-models was adopted to calculate the rainfall erosivity （R）, soil erodibility （K）, slope length and steepness （LS）, cover management （C） and conservation practice （P） factors in the geographic information system （GIS） environment. A map showing the potential of soil erosion rate was produced by the RUSLE and it indicated the severe soil erosion in the study area. Six classes of erosion rate are distinguished from the map： 1） minimal, 2） low, 3） medium, 4） high, 5） very high, and 6） extremely high. The RUSLE gave a mean annual erosion rate of 30.24 Mg ha-1 yr-1 from the 1980s to 2000s. The mean annual erosion rate obtained using RUSLE is consistent with the result of previous research based on in situ measurement from 1980 to 2009. The high performance of the RUSLE model indicates the reliability of the sub-models and possibility of applying the RUSLE on quantitative estimation. The result of the RUSLE model is sensitive to the slope steepness, slope length, vegetation factors and digital elevation model （DEM） resolution. The study suggests that attention should be given to the topographic factors and DEM resolution when applying the RUSLE on quantitative estimation of soil loss.

关键词： soil erosion RUSLE GIS Karst Basin

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Multi-Resolution Landslide Susceptibility Analysis Using a DEM and Random Forest

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第5期7卷 726-743页

作者： Uttam Paudel takashi oguchi Yuichi Hayakawa Department of Natural Environmental Studies Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan Center for Spatial Information Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan

Landslide susceptibility (LS) mapping is a requisite for safety against sediment related disasters, and considerable effort has been exerted in this discipline. However, the size heterogeneity and distribution of landslides still impose challenges in selecting an appropriate scale for LS studies. This requires identification of an optimal scale for landslide causative parameters. In this study, we propose a method to identify the optimum scale for each parameter and use multiple optimal parameter-scale combinations for LS mapping. A random forest model was used, together with 16 geomorphological parameters extracted from 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 300 m digital elevation models (DEMs) and an inventory of historical landslides. Experiments in two equal-sized (625 km2) areas in Niigata and Ehime, Japan, with different geological and environmental settings and landslide density, demonstrated the efficiency of the proposed method. It outperformed all other single scale LS analysis with a prediction accuracy of 79.7% for Niigata and 78.62% for Ehime. Values of areas under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves (AUC) of 0.877 and 0.870 validate the application of the multi-scale model.

关键词： Multi-Resolution Landslide Susceptibility DEM Random Forest

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Morphometric Analysis of Drainage Basins in the Western Arabian Peninsula Using Multivariate Statistics

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第5期5卷 527-539页

作者： Ali P. Yunus takashi oguchi Yuichi S. Hayakawa Center for Spatial Information Science The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan Department of Natural Environmental Studies Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha Kashiwa Japan

The uplift of the Arabian Shield and the opening of the Red Sea led to the development of steep drainage systems in the Western Arabian Peninsula. Although the Peninsula has been studied from a geological perspective, in relation to oil production, plate tectonics and eolian systems such as sand dunes, the steep mountainous drainage basins have received much less attention. This paper aims to assess the characteristics and development of 36 drainage basins in the Western Arabian Peninsula, using a digital elevation model (DEM), principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (CA). Three major principal components (PC1 to PC3) are found to explain 73% of total variance. CA divided the basins into two or four groups. The division by CA strongly reflects PC1, showing that the two analyses give comparable results. PC1 strongly reflects basin dimensions and drainage texture, and their positive correlations indicate the significant effect of basin relief and slope on mass wasting and limited stream incision in small basins under an arid climate. PC2 mainly reflects the effect of bedrock geology, suggesting that volcanic rocks tend to produce more elongated and less eroded immature basins than crystalline rocks do. PC3 mainly reflects the basin relief and slope and the length of each stream segment, which may also reflect the effect of mass wasting on stream development.

关键词： Arabian Peninsula Drainage Basin Digital Elevation Model Morphometry Principal Component Analysis Cluster Analysis

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个人性初始风景与心理差异对旅游地选择偏好的影响

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人文地理 2005年第5期20卷 81-85页

作者：八城薰小口孝司王艳平孙丽平日本昭和女子大学生活机构研究科东北财经大学旅游与酒店管理学院大连116025

本研究首先将个人性初始风景定义为人们未成年时期曾生活的、并受到很大影响的居住地景象,进而探讨了“个人性初始风景”、以及两个心理学尺度对个人旅游地选择偏好的内心影响作用。本研究选择了98位日本女子大学生作为调查对象,使其回... 详细信息

本研究首先将个人性初始风景定义为人们未成年时期曾生活的、并受到很大影响的居住地景象,进而探讨了“个人性初始风景”、以及两个心理学尺度对个人旅游地选择偏好的内心影响作用。本研究选择了98位日本女子大学生作为调查对象,使其回答有关个人性初始风景与旅游地选择偏好的问题,并对他们进行了两个心理学尺度(自我监测与刺激欲求)的测度。结果表明,个人性初始风景中较少含有农村性风景成分的调查对象,则具有“逃逸”倾向,多选择娱乐性旅游地作为出行目的地。另一方面,个人性初始风景中,含有较高的农村风景成分,则趋向于选择冒险性旅游地。另外,具有很高自我监测能力的人们多选择自然或自然性的旅游地。

关键词：个人性初始风景自我监测刺激欲求

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Evaluation of the MXQ Mechanism by Audio and Video Applications

Evaluation of the MXQ Mechanism by Audio and Video Applicati...

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The 2004 Joint Conference of the 10～(th) Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications and the 5～(th) International Symposium on Multi-Dimensional Mobile Communications

作者： Kazuaki OBANA takashi SHIMIZU Takahiro MUROOKA Kazuhiro HAYASHI Kimio oguchi NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Yokosuka JAPAN NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Yokosuka JAPAN NTT Network Innovation Laboratories Yokosuka JAPAN XTT Advanced Technology Corp. Yokohama JAPAN Seikei Univ.. Tokyo. JAPAN

＜正＞This paper discusses the congestion problems that may be caused by video and audio applications. These applications commonly use UDP to convey their data. Unlike TCP,UDP does not have any standard mechanisms for congestion control. Therefore, they might lead to severe congestion that would significantly damage all of the flows in the same traffic class and degrade network *** overcome this problem, we propose the MXQ （MaXimal Queuing） mechanism which represents a new flow-aware forwarding policy. We evaluate this mechanism using UDP video and UDP audio applications. We also evaluate the mechanism using a TCP video application with outputs of hundreds of Mbps. The results show that the dynamic arbitration control realized by the MXQ mechanism can effectively control the congestion and enhance the efficiency of best-effort networks.

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