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Tropifexor,a selective non-acid farnesoid X receptor agonist,improved nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a phase 2 trial,but several issues remain to be resolved

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 759-762页

作者： Masato Yoneda takashi Kobayashi Naohiro Wada Tomohiro Otani Asako Nogami Michihiro Iwaki Atsushi Nakajima Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yokohama City University HospitalYokohamaJapan

As obesity continues to escalate worldwide,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has emerged as the most prevalent form of liver disease,with a reported global prevalence of 30.1%(1).The prevalence of NAFLD,which was around 25%in the 1990s,has been increasing year by year in recent years and has exceeded 35%in the past few years(1).The spectrum of disease includes nonalcoholic fatty liver(NAFL),characterized by macrovesicular hepatic steatosis that may be accompanied by mild inflammation,and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),which is additionally characterized by the presence of inflammation and cellular injury(2).

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) obesity nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) tropifexor selective non-acid farnesoid X receptor agonists(selective non-acid FXR agonists)

Varifocal MEMS mirrors for high-speed axial focus scanning:a review

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第5期9卷 57-71页

作者： Jaka Pribošek Markus Bainschab takashi Sasaki Silicon Austria Labs VillachAustria

Recent advances brought the performance of MEMS-based varifocal mirrors to levels comparable to conventional ultra-high-speed focusing *** mirrors are becoming capable of high axial resolution exceeding 300 resolvable planes,can achieve microsecond response times,continuous operation above several hundred kHz,and can be designed to combine focusing with lateral steering in a single-chip *** survey summarizes the past 50 years of scientific progress in varifocal MEMS mirrors,providing the most comprehensive study in this field to *** introduce a novel figure of merit for varifocal mirrors on the basis of which we evaluate and compare nearly all reported devices from the *** the forefront of this review is the analysis of the advantages and shortcomings of various actuation technologies,as well as a systematic study of methods reported to enhance the focusing performance in terms of speed,resolution,and shape *** believe this analysis will fuel the future technological development of next-generation varifocal mirrors reaching the axial resolution of 1000 resolvable planes.

关键词： axial mirrors exceeding

Long-Term Outcomes of Systemic-to-Pulmonary Artery Shunt in Patients with Functional Single Ventricle and Heterotaxy Syndrome

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Congenital Heart Disease 2023年第4期18卷 399-411页

作者： Shota Kawai takashi Kido Yuta Teguri Koji Miwa Tomomitsu Kanaya Yoichiro Ishii Hisaaki Aoki Futoshi Kayatani Sanae Tsumura Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Osaka Women’s and Children’s HospitalIzumiOsakaJapan Department of Pediatric Cardiology Osaka Women’s and Children’s HospitalIzumiOsakaJapan

Objectives: We sought to determine the long-term outcomes and mortality-associated factors after systemic-topulmonaryartery shunt (SPS) in patients with heterotaxy syndrome. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed allpatients with a functional single ventricle and heterotaxy syndrome who underwent SPS at our center from January2001 to April 2022. Results: This study involved 84 patients. Restrictive pulmonary blood flow requiringearly modulation was presented in 34 (40%) patients. Compared with patients without restrictive pulmonaryblood flow (N = 50 [60%]), the postnatal survival of these 34 patients was significantly lower at 10 years (log rank:p = 0.04), but the statistical significance disappeared at 20 years (log rank: p = 0.18). Among 31 patients whounderwent SPS, 11 (35%) had extracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC). The survivalrate after SPS was 80% at 10 years. Cox regression analysis showed that extracardiac TAPVC (hazard ratio6.44, 95% confidence interval 1.23–33.7, p = 0.03) and pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO) at TAPVC repair(hazard ratio 11.2, 95% confidence interval 2.13–58.5, p = 0.004) were significantly associated with death. In25 patients who underwent bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS), surgical interventions on the pulmonaryartery (PA) were performed after SPS in 7 of 9 patients with PA coarctation, 3 of 4 with non-confluent PAs, and4 of 12 with normal PAs. At SPS, primary central PA plasty was performed in three patients with PA coarctationand 2 with non-confluent PAs. There was no significant difference in the PA index before BCPS between patientswith and without primary central PA plasty (p = 0.49). Among 20 patients who underwent total cavopulmonaryconnection (TCPC), adverse events occurred in 7 (35%) patients, including death in 1 (5%), intervention for pulmonaryarteriovenous malformation (PAVM) in 3 (15%), and surgical intervention for PVO in 3 (15%). TheB-type natriuretic peptide concentration was significant

关键词： Heterotaxy syndrome single ventricle total anomalous of pulmonary venous connection pulmonary artery coarctation

View interpolation networks for reproducing the material appearance of specular objects

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2023年第1期5卷 1-10页

作者： Chihiro HOSHIZAWA takashi KOMURO Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University338-8570255 Shimo-Okubo Sakura-ku SaitamaJapan

Background In this study, we propose view interpolation networks to reproduce changes in the brightness of an object′s surface depending on the viewing direction, which is important for reproducing the material appearance of a real object. Method We used an original and modified version of U-Net for image transformation. The networks were trained to generate images from the intermediate viewpoints of four cameras placed at the corners of a square. We conducted an experiment using with three different combinations of methods and training data formats. Result We determined that inputting the coordinates of the viewpoints together with the four camera images and using images from random viewpoints as the training data produces the best results.

关键词： View synthesis Image transformation network Reflectance reproduction Material appearance U-Net

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Observation of~100%valley-coherent excitons in monolayer MoS_(2) through giant enhancement of valley coherence time

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光:科学与应用(英文版) 2023年第8期12卷 1644-1650页

作者： Garima Gupta Kenji Watanabe takashi Taniguchi Kausik Majumdar Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaJapan international Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials ScienceTsukubaJapan

In monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors,valley coherence degrades rapidly due to a combination of fast scattering and inter-valley exchange *** leads to a sub-picosecond valley coherence time,making coherent manipulation of exciton a highly challenging task Using monolayer MoS_(2) sandwiched between top and bottom graphene,here we demonstrate fully valley-coherent excitons by observing~100%degree of linear polarization in steady state *** is achieved in this unique design through a combined effect of(a)suppression in exchange interaction due to enhanced dielectric screening,(b)reduction in exciton lifetime due to a fast inter-layer transfer to graphene,and(c)operating in the motional narrowing *** disentangle the role of the key parameters affecting valley coherence by using a combination of calculation(solutions of Bethe-Salpeter and Maiallle-Silva-Sham equations)and a careful choice of design of experiments using four different stacks with systematic variation of screening and exciton *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first report in which the excitons are found to be valley coherent in the entire lifetime in monolayer semiconductors,allowing optical readout of valley coherence possible.

关键词： coherent monolayer lifetime

Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma more than 10 years after treatment intervention:A retrospective single-center analysis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第8期14卷 1552-1561页

作者： Makoto Saito Akio Mori Shihori Tsukamoto takashi Ishio Emi Yokoyama Koh Izumiyama Masanobu Morioka Takeshi Kondo Hirokazu Sugino Blood Disorders Center Aiiku HospitalSapporo 064-0804Japan Department of Cancer Pathology Hokkaido UniversityFaculty of MedicineSapporo 060-8638Japan

BACKGROUND Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma(D-FL)has been recognized as a rare entity that accounts for approximately 4%of primary gastrointestinal lymphomas.D-FL follows an indolent clinical course compared with common nodal FL and is generally considered to have a better ***,the“watch and wait”approach is frequently adopted as the treatment ***,there is an option to actively intervene in ***,the long-term outcomes of such cases are poorly *** To clarify the clinical outcomes after long-term follow-up in cases of D-FL with treatment *** We retrospectively analyzed patients who met the following criteria:the lesion was confirmed by endoscopy,the diagnosis of D-FL was confirmed histopathologically,and the patient was followed-up for more than 10 years after the intervention at our *** We identified 5 cases of *** patients showed a small amount of bone marrow involvement(Stage IV).Rituximab was used as a treatment for remission in all 5 *** was also used in combination with chemotherapy in 2 Stage IV patients as well as for maintenance *** therapy was performed in 2 cases,which was followed by complete remission(CR).Eventually,all 5 patients achieved CR and survived for more than 10 ***,3 patients experienced *** patient achieved a second CR by retreatment,and in another case,the lesion showed spontaneous *** remaining patient had systemic widespread recurrence 13 years after the first *** results suggested that the FL lesions were transformed into diffuse large B-cell *** patient died 4 years later despite receiving various *** In this study,the treatment for patients of D-FL in Stage IV was *** the future,criteria for how to treat“advanced”D-FL should be established based on additional *** study of patients with D-FL indicates that whole-body follow-up examinations shou

关键词： Duodenal-type follicular lymphoma Treatment Long-term follow-up Radiation Rituximab Chemotherapy

Current Ramp-up by Microwave Power in the LATE Device

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Plasma Science and Technology 2009年第4期11卷 394-396页

作者： takashi MAEKAWA Hitoshi TANAKA Masaki UCHIDA Graduate School of Energy Science Kyoto University

In the low aspect ratio torus experiment （LATE） device, plasma current is initiated and ramped up to 20 kA solely by microwave power at the electron cyclotron （EC） range of frequency with a ramp of the external vertical field By for the radial equilibrium of plasma torus at larger currents. Measurements suggest that an energetic electron tail in the energy range of about 200 keV carries the current. The line averaged electron density is higher than the plasma cutoff density, suggesting that tail electrons might be driven by electron Bernstein waves modeconverted from the launched electromagnetic waves.

关键词： current ramp-up microwave electron cyclotron range of frequency

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A Note on Unit and Class Number of Real Quadratic Fields

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 1989年第3期5卷 281-288页

作者： takashi Agoh Department of Mathematics Science University of Tokyo Japan

Let p be an odd prime with p≡1 （mod 4） and Q(p;) be the real quadratic field. Alsolet ε and h denote the fundamental unit and the the class number of Q(p;), *** main pur-pose of this paper is to study the "explici... 详细信息

关键词： A Note on Unit and Class Number of Real Quadratic Fields 三一

Oridonin induces apoptosis of HeLa cells via altering expression of Bcl-2/Bax and activating caspase-3/ICAD pathway

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第5期25卷 149-156页

作者： Shin-ichi TASHIRO,Satoshi ONODERA,takashi IKEJIMA Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo 194-8543 Japan Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo 194-8543 Japan China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China prof

AIM: To study the mechanisms by which oridonin inhibited HeLa cell growth in vitro. METHODS: Viability oforidonin-induced HeLa cells was measured by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells with condensed nuclei were visualizedby phase contrast microscopy. Nucleosomal DNA fragmentation was assayed by agarose gel *** activity was assayed using fluorometric protease assay. ICAD, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins expression weredetected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Oridonin induced oligonucleosomal fragmentation of DNA andincreased caspase-3 activity, on the other hand, reduced the expression of inhibitor of caspase-3-activated DNase(ICAD), a caspase-3 substrate, at 12 h in HeLa cells. Oridonin-induced DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activationand down-regulation of ICAD expression were effectively inhibited by a caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk (z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-fmk). However, pretreatment with an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), 3, 4-dihydro-5-[4-(1-piperidinyl)butoxy]-1(2H)-isoquinolinone (DPQ), did not suppress oridonin-induced HeLa cell death. Inaddition, oridonin-induced apoptosis was associated with an increase in the expression of the apoptosis inducerBax, and a significant reduction in expression of the apoptosis suppressor Bcl-2 in mitochondria. CONCLUSION:Oridonin induces HeLa cells apoptosis by altering balance of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression and activation ofcaspase-3/ICAD pathway.

关键词： oridonin HeLa cells apoptosis caspase 3 caspases bcl-2 genes bax genes Western blotting