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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1460-1468页

作者： Kazuhiko Fujita Yoji Kanda takashi Hosono Department of Physics and Earth Sciences University of the RyukyusOkinawa903-0213Japan Tropical Biosphere Research Center University of the RyukyusOkinawa903-0213Japan Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology(JAMSTEC) Global Oceanographic Data Center(GODAC)Kanagawa236-0001Japan

Cycloclypeus carpenteri is the largest extant benthic foraminifer,dwelling in the deep euphotic zone(a water depth between 60 and 130 m)of the warm oligotrophic Indo-West *** foraminifer harbors diatom endosymbionts and the foraminifer-microalgal association acts like a *** verify that light is an important limiting factor controlling the vertical(depth)distribution of living Cycloclypeus holobionts,their physiological responses to light intensity were examined by short-term metabolic measurements and long-term *** oxygen production(OP)rates measured under different light levels using an oxygen microelectrode indicate that Cycloclypeus holobionts are daily net primary producers adapted to low light levels,with slight photoinhibition(reduced net OP rates relative to a light-saturated rate)over 100μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1).Long-term growth increments of asexually reproduced juveniles incubated for two months at different light levels ranging from 0 to 100μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1) show that Cycloclypeus holobionts are adapted to a low light level(∼5μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1)),but can be acclimatized to a certain low light ranges(<50μmol photons m^(−2)s^(−1)).These experimental results confirm that light is an important environmental gradient affecting the vertical distribution of Cycloclypeus holobionts.

关键词： algal symbiosis diatom large benthic foraminifer oxygen production photosynthesis

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Anomalous Wave Energy Deposition in the Beginning Phases of Wave Injection in JT-60U Lower Hybrid Current Drive Experiments

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第11期16卷 827-829页

作者： FANG Yu-de Kenkichi USHIGUSA takashi KONDOH Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031 JT-60U Experiment Division Naka Fusion Research EstablishmentJapan Atomic Energy Research InstituteNaka-MachiNaka-gunIbaraki-kenJapan

An anomalous phenomenon of wave energy deposition and its evolution were noticed in the beginning phases of lower hybrid wave injection in JT-60U experiments. It was found that the driven currents are always formed in the central region of the plasma column in the first several hundred milliseconds of the wave pulses, no matter what N|| spectrum of the waves is. Then the driven current profile will change to their normal situation gradually, which depends on N|| spectrum closely.

关键词： wave spectrum Wave

Oridonin induces apoptosis of HeLa cells via altering expression of Bcl-2/Bax and activating caspase-3/ICAD pathway

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第5期25卷 149-156页

作者： Shin-ichi TASHIRO,Satoshi ONODERA,takashi IKEJIMA Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo 194-8543 Japan Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences Showa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokyo 194-8543 Japan China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang 110016 China prof

AIM: To study the mechanisms by which oridonin inhibited HeLa cell growth in vitro. METHODS: Viability oforidonin-induced HeLa cells was measured by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells with condensed nuclei were visualizedby phase contrast microscopy. Nucleosomal DNA fragmentation was assayed by agarose gel *** activity was assayed using fluorometric protease assay. ICAD, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins expression weredetected by Western blot analysis. RESULTS: Oridonin induced oligonucleosomal fragmentation of DNA andincreased caspase-3 activity, on the other hand, reduced the expression of inhibitor of caspase-3-activated DNase(ICAD), a caspase-3 substrate, at 12 h in HeLa cells. Oridonin-induced DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activationand down-regulation of ICAD expression were effectively inhibited by a caspase-3 inhibitor, z-DEVD-fmk (z-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-fmk). However, pretreatment with an inhibitor of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), 3, 4-dihydro-5-[4-(1-piperidinyl)butoxy]-1(2H)-isoquinolinone (DPQ), did not suppress oridonin-induced HeLa cell death. Inaddition, oridonin-induced apoptosis was associated with an increase in the expression of the apoptosis inducerBax, and a significant reduction in expression of the apoptosis suppressor Bcl-2 in mitochondria. CONCLUSION:Oridonin induces HeLa cells apoptosis by altering balance of Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression and activation ofcaspase-3/ICAD pathway.

关键词： oridonin HeLa cells apoptosis caspase 3 caspases bcl-2 genes bax genes Western blotting

Varifocal MEMS mirrors for high-speed axial focus scanning:a review

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第5期9卷 57-71页

作者： Jaka Pribošek Markus Bainschab takashi Sasaki Silicon Austria Labs VillachAustria

Recent advances brought the performance of MEMS-based varifocal mirrors to levels comparable to conventional ultra-high-speed focusing *** mirrors are becoming capable of high axial resolution exceeding 300 resolvable planes,can achieve microsecond response times,continuous operation above several hundred kHz,and can be designed to combine focusing with lateral steering in a single-chip *** survey summarizes the past 50 years of scientific progress in varifocal MEMS mirrors,providing the most comprehensive study in this field to *** introduce a novel figure of merit for varifocal mirrors on the basis of which we evaluate and compare nearly all reported devices from the *** the forefront of this review is the analysis of the advantages and shortcomings of various actuation technologies,as well as a systematic study of methods reported to enhance the focusing performance in terms of speed,resolution,and shape *** believe this analysis will fuel the future technological development of next-generation varifocal mirrors reaching the axial resolution of 1000 resolvable planes.

关键词： axial mirrors exceeding

Recent trends from the results of clinical trials on gastric cancer surgery

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 106-112页

作者： takashi Kiyokawa Takeo Fukagawa Department of Surgery Teikyo University School of Medicine2-11-1 KagaItabashi-KuTokyo 173-8606Japan

The Japan Clinical Oncology Group has recently conducted large scale clinical trials with findings that have revealed pivotal strategies for the treatment of resectable gastric cancer *** findings include the fact that D3 lymphadenectomy does not improve survival rates when compared to D2 lymphadenectomy,and it is not recommended for resectable gastric ***,a transhiatal approach is recommended,instead of the left thoraco-abdominal approach,for the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the esophago-gastric junction or gastric cardia which has invaded≤3 cm of the *** with splenectomy and bursectomy had been recommended as a part of the D2 ***,the results of the recent clinical trials revealed that splenectomy should be avoided in total gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for proximal gastric cancer and that bursectomy should be avoided in gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for resectable gastric *** splenectomy and bursec-tomy were found to be unable to improve survival,but instead increased operative *** trials revealed that the above-mentioned invasive and aggressive procedures did not provide sufficient survival benefits and that gastric cancer surgery may be trending from an“invasive to less invasive”and“aggressive to more conservative”approach.

关键词： Gastric cancer Japanese Gastric Cancer Association Randomized clinical trials Para-aortic lymph nodes D2 lymphadenectomy D3 lymphadenectomy Left thoraco-abdominal approach Hiatal approach Splenectomy Bursectomy

View interpolation networks for reproducing the material appearance of specular objects

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Virtual Reality & Intelligent Hardware 2023年第1期5卷 1-10页

作者： Chihiro HOSHIZAWA takashi KOMURO Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saitama University338-8570255 Shimo-Okubo Sakura-ku SaitamaJapan

Background In this study, we propose view interpolation networks to reproduce changes in the brightness of an object′s surface depending on the viewing direction, which is important for reproducing the material appearance of a real object. Method We used an original and modified version of U-Net for image transformation. The networks were trained to generate images from the intermediate viewpoints of four cameras placed at the corners of a square. We conducted an experiment using with three different combinations of methods and training data formats. Result We determined that inputting the coordinates of the viewpoints together with the four camera images and using images from random viewpoints as the training data produces the best results.

关键词： View synthesis Image transformation network Reflectance reproduction Material appearance U-Net

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Role of acetyl group on proton conductivity in chitin system

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第2期5卷 258-263页

作者： takashi Kawabata Yasumitsu Matsuo Department of Life Science Faculty of Science&EngineeringSetsunan University17-8 Ikeda-nakamachiNeyagawaOsaka572-8508Japan

Measurements of proton conductivity in chitin and chitosan have been carried out and proton conductivity is *** the measurement of fuel cell based on the deacetylated chitin(chitosan)electrolyte,it was found that chitosan becomes the electrolyte of fuel *** result indicates that chitosan in humidified condition exhibits proton conductivity as seen in ***,proton conductivity in chitin is about 100 times higher than that in *** results indicate that acetyl group is an important factor for the appearance of higher proton conductivity in chitin *** addition,the anisotropy of proton conductivity in chitosan is much larger than that in the orientated *** that proton conductivity is caused by proton transfer in water bridges,these results indicate that chitin and chitosan possess quasi-three dimensional water bridges and quasi-two dimensional water bridges,*** is deduced from these results that acetyl group is a key factor not only the appearance of higher proton conductivity but also the realization of quasi-three dimensional proton conductivity.

关键词： Fuel cell Electrolyte Biomaterial and proton conductor

Comparison of the effects of cold water and ice ingestion on endurance cycling capacity in the heat

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第1期6卷 111-117页

作者： takashi Naito Tetsuro Ogaki Graduate School of Human-Environment Studies Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 40218Japan

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of pre-cooling and fluid replacement with either crushed ice or cold ***: On 2 separate occasions, in a counterbalanced order, 9 recreationally-trained males ingested 1.25 g/kg(80–100 g) of either crushed ice(0.5℃)or cold water(4℃) every 5 min for 30 min before exercise. They also ingested 2.0 g/kg(130–160 g) of the same treatment drink at 15 min, 30 min, and45 min after the commencement of cycling to exhaustion at 60%VO_(2max) until voluntary exhaustion in a hot environment(35℃ and 30% relative humidity).Results: The cycling time to exhaustion in the crushed ice trial(50.0 ± 12.2 min) was longer than the cold water trial(42.2 ± 10.1 min; p = 0.02).Although the rectal temperature fell by 0.37℃± 0.03℃(p = 0.01) at the end of the resting period after the crushed ice ingestion, the rates of rise in rectal temperature during the exercise period were not significantly different between these 2 conditions(crushed ice: 0.23℃± 0.07℃, 5 min;cold water: 0.22℃± 0.07℃, 5 min; p = 0.94).Conclusion: Crushed ice ingestion before and during exercise in a hot environment may be a preferred and effective approach for minimizing thermal strain, and for improving endurance performance as compared with cold water ingestion.

关键词： Cold water ingestion Pre-cooling Rectal temperature Thermoregulation

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A Note on the GMRES Method for Linear Discrete Ill-Posed Problems

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2009年第6期1卷 816-829页

作者： Nao Kuroiwa takashi Nodera Graduate School of Science and Technology Keio University3-14-1HiyoshiKohokuYokohamaKanagawaJapan Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio University3-14-1HiyoshiKohokuYokohamaKanagawaJapan

In this paper,we are presenting a proposal for new modified algorithms for RRGMRES and *** is known that RRGMRES and AGMRES are viable methods for solving linear discrete ill-posed *** this paper we have focused on the residual norm and have come-up with two improvements where successive updates and the stabilization of decreases for the residual norm improve performance *** numerical experiments confirm that our improved algorithms are effective for linear discrete ill-posed problems.

关键词： Numerical computation GMRES iterative method linear discrete ill-posed problem

Limb Stiffness Improvement of the Robot WAREC-1R for a Faster and Stable New Ladder Climbing Gait

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第1期20卷 57-68页

作者： Xiao Sun Akira Ito takashi Matsuzawa Atsuo Takanishi Department of Mechatronics University of YamanashiYamanashi400-8511Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda UniversityTokyo162-8480Japan

Ladder climbing is a relatively new but practical locomotion style for robots. Unfortunately, due to their size and weight, ladder climbing by human-sized robots developed so far is struggling with the speedup of ladder climbing motion itself. Therefore, in this paper, a new ladder climbing gait for the robot WAREC-1R is proposed by the authors, which is both faster than the former ones and stable. However, to realize such a gait, a point that has to be taken into consideration is the deformation caused by the self-weight of the robot. To deal with this issue, extra hardware (sensor) and software (position and force control) systems and extra time for sensing and calculation were required. For a complete solution without any complicated systems and time only for deformation compensation, limb stiffness improvement plan by the minimal design change of mechanical parts of the robot is also proposed by the authors, with a thorough study about deformation distribution in the robot. With redesigned parts, ladder climbing experiments by WAREC-1R proved that both the new ladder climbing gait and the limb stiffness improvement are successful, and the reduced deformation is very close to the estimated value as well.

关键词： Ladder climbing Legged robot Bionic robot Gait.Stiffness improvement Finite element analysis