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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2020年第6期29卷 675-696页

作者： takashi hashimoto School of Knowledge Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(JAIST)Nomi 923-1292Japan

Evolinguistics is an attempt to clarify the origins and evolution of language and communication,thereby deepening our understanding of humans from an evolutionary *** origins of language is characterized by the biological evolution of abilities related to language and communication,and the evolution of language by the structuralization and complexification of language knowledge as well as communication systems through cultural *** Evolinguistics,two idiosyncrasies of human linguistic communication are the primary focus,namely,using hierarchically organized symbol sequences in language and sharing intentions in *** believe that the integration of these two characteristics made humans co-creative and smart,and in particular gave us knowledge co-creation *** emergent constructive approach plays an important role in this research,which is a methodology to analyze complex systems by constructing and operating the evolutionary and emergent process of complex *** studies taking this approach are introduced in this *** is a language evolution experiment in a laboratory to consider the process,mechanisms,and neural basis of symbolic communication *** other is an evolutionary simulation of recursive combination,which is thought of as the essential ability to form hierarchical structures.A hypothesis integrating intention sharing and recursive combination is discussed as an abductive reasoning mechanism for understanding others intentions.

关键词： Evolinguistics origins and evolution of language hierarchy intention sharing symbolic communication recursive combination abduction

Acute pancreatitis and cholangitis: A complication caused by a migrated gastrostomy tube

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第39期13卷 5285-5287页

作者： Hiroshi Imamura Toshihiro Konagaya takashi hashimoto Kunio Kasugai Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Aichi Medical University School of Medicine 21 Karimata Yazako Nagakute-cho Aichi-gun Aichi-ken 480-1195 Japan

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is generally considered safe with a low rate of serious complications. However, dislocation of the PEG-tube into the duodenum can lead to serious complications. An 86-year old Japanese woman with PEG-tube feeding sometimes vomited after her family doctor replaced the PEG-tube without radiologic confirmation. At her hospitalization, she complained of severe tenderness at the epigastric region and the PEG-tube was drawn into the stomach. Imaging studies showed that the tip of PEG-tube with the infl ated balloon was migrated into the second portion of the duodenum, suggesting that it might have obstructed the bile and pancreatic ducts, inducing cholangitis and pancreatitis. After the PEG- tube was replaced at the appropriate position, vomiting and abdominal tenderness improved dramatically and laboratory studies became normal immediately. Our case suggests that it is important to secure PEG-tube at the level of skin, especially after replacement.

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Complications Tube migration Pancreatitis Cholangitis

Shikonin Promotes Skin Cell Proliferation and Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Translocation via Proteasome Inhibition In Vitro

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第16期128卷 2228-2233页

作者： Yan Yan Minao Furumura Takako Gouya Atsufumi Iwanaga Kwesi Teye Sanae Numata Tadashi Karashima Xiao-Guang Li takashi hashimoto Department of Dermatology Kurume University School of Medicine and Kurume University Institute of Cutaneous Cell Biology Kurume Fukuoka 830-0011 Japan Departrnent of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China Research and Development Office Shinnihonseiyaku Co. Ltd. Yoshizuka Hakata Fukuoka 812-0041 Japan

Background：Shikonin is a major active chemical component extracted from Lithospermi Radix,an effective traditional herb in various types of wound *** can accelerate granulomatous tissue formation by the rat cotton pellet method and induce neovascularization in granulomatous *** purpose of the study was to investigate its mechanism of action in human skin ***：MTS assay was used to measure cell *** collagen type Ⅰ （COL1） mRNA expression and procollagen type Ⅰ C-peptide （PIP） production were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,*** and western blot analyses were carried out to investigate nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling ***-based proteasome activity assay was used to determine proteasome ***：In this study,we found that 10 μmol/L shikonin stimulated the growth of normal human keratinocytes and 1 μmol/L shikonin promoted growth of human dermal ***,shikonin did not directly induce COLI mRNA expression and PIP production in dermal fibroblasts in *** addition,1 μmol/L shikonin inhibited translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus induced by tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation in dermal ***,shikonin inhibited chymotrypsin-like activity of proteasome and was associated with accumulation ofphosphorylated inhibitor κB-α in dermal ***：These results suggested that shikonin may promote wound healing via its cell growth promoting activity and suppress skin inflammation via inhibitory activity on ***,shikonin may be a potential therapeutic reagent both in wound healing and inflammatory skin diseases.

关键词： Cell Growth Human Dermal Fibroblasts Keratinocytes Proteasome Shikonin

Morphological changes of roof of subacromial bursa in patients with rotator cuff tear

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2004年第4期7卷 205-209页

作者：朱锦宇朱庆生 takashi hashimoto Katsuya Nobuhara Institute of Orthopaedics Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical University Nobuhara Hospital and Institute of Biomechanics

Objective: To investigate the morphological chan ges of the roof of the subacromial bursa (SAB) and its involvement extent after rotator cuff tear. Methods: In the experimental group,the roof of SAB was obtaine d from 30 cases of rotator cuff tear both at the tear site and a site 2.5 - 3.0 cm distal to the tear site during rotator cuff repair. In the control gr oup,the roof of SAB was obtained from the exposed site of recurrently dislocate d shoulder or fractured humeral shaft of 8 cases. The specimens were stained wit h hematoxylin and eosin and observed under a transmission electron microscope. T he cell number was quantitated through counting the blue-stained nucleus in SAB with a computer image analysis ***: The number of cells increased significantly in the roo f of SAB in the experimental group compared with that of the control group. Howe ver,no difference of the bursal reaction was found among the type of rotator cu ff tear,the bursa thickness and the presence of fluid in the bursa. The great m ajority of cells were type B cells observed under the transmission electron micr ***: The increase in cell number in the roof of SAB in the experimental group is a reactive increase rather than an inflammatory proces s and the involvement of SAB is not limited in extent. The change of the roof of SAB is a secondary reaction to the rotator cuff tear.

关键词： Shoulder joint Bursa,synovial Rotator cuff

Comparison of PPIs and H_2-receptor antagonists plus prokinetics for dysmotility-like dyspepsia

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1517-1524页

作者： Masahiro Sakaguchi Miyuki Takao Yasuo Ohyama Hiroshi Oka Hiroshi Yamashita Takumi Fukuchi Kiyoshi Ashida Masahiro Murotani Masuyo Murotani Kazuo Majima Hiroshi Morikawa takashi hashimoto Keisuke Kiyota Hirohiko Esaki Kanji Amemoto Gouhei Isowa Fumiyuki Takao Department of Gastroenterology Moriguchi Keijinkai HospitalMoriguchiOsaka 570-0021Japan Department of Gastroenterology Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu HospitalOsaka 530-0012Japan Murotani Clinic KadomaOsaka 571-0008Japan Majima Clinic NeyagawaOsaka 572-0084Japan Morikawa Clinic HirakataOsaka 573-0058Japan hashimoto Clinic MoriguchiOsaka 570-0079Japan Kiyota Clinic MatsubaraOsaka 580-0004Japan Department of Gastroenterology Arisawa General HospitalHirakataOsaka 573-1195Japan Amemoto Clinic MoriguchiOsaka 570-0021Japan Isowa Clinic NeyagawaOsaka 572-0062Japan Mii Clinic NeyagawaOsaka 572-0019Japan

AIM： To compare efficacy of proton pump inhibitors （PPIs） with H2-receptor antagonists （H2RA$） plus pro- kinetics （Proks） for dysmotility-like symptoms in func- tional dyspepsia （FD）. METHODS： Subjects were randomized to receive openlabel treatment with either rabeprazole 10 mg od （n = 57） or famotidine 10 mg bid plus mosapride 5 mg tid （n = 57） for 4 wk. The primary efficacy endpoint was change （%） from baseline in total dysmotility-like dyspepsia symptom score. The secondary efficacy endpoint was patient satisfaction with treatment. RESULTS： The improvement in dysmotility-like dyspep- sia symptom score on day 28 was significantly greater in the rabeprazole group （22.5% ± 29.2% of baseline） than the famotidine ＋ mosapride group （53.2%±58.6% of baseline, P 〈 0.0001）. The superior benefit of rabeprazole treatment after 28 d was consistent regardless of Helicobacter pylori status. Significantly more subjects in the rabeprazole group were satisfied or very satisfied with treatment on day 28 than in the famotidine ＋ mosapride group （87.7% vs 59.6%, P = 0.0012）. Rabeprazole therapy was the only significant predictor of treatment response （P 〈 0.0001）, defined as a total symptom score improvement ≥ 50%. CONCLUSION： PPI monotherapy improves dysmotil- ity-like symptoms significantly better than H2RAs plus Proks, and should be the treatment of first choice for Japanese FD.

关键词： Dysmotility Functional dyspepsia H2-recep-tor antagonist Prokinetics Proton pump inhibitor

Isolation of a (+)-δ-cadinene synthase gene CAD1-A and analysis of its expression pattern in seedlings of Gossypium arboreum L.

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2000年第3期43卷 245-253,337页

作者：梁婉琪谭晓萍陈晓亚 takashi hashimoto Yasuyuki Yamada Peter Heinstein National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Shanghai Research Center of Life Sciences Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Graduate School of Biological Sciences Nara Institute of Science and Technology Nara 630-0101 Japan Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA

The cotton sesquiterpene cyclase, (+)-δ-cadinene *** encoded by a gene family, which can be divided into two subfamilies: CAD1-A and CAD1-C. The gene CAD1-A was isolated from G. arboreum. In situ hybridization performed on seven-day-old cotton seedlings localized transcripts of both the CAD1-A and CAD1-C mainly in lateral root primordium and apical ground meristem, vascular tissues of emerging lateral roots, and also in procambium and some subepidermal cells of the hypocotyl. The CAD1-A promoter showed a similar tissue-specificity in transgenic tobacco plants. Histochemistry showed occurrence of sesquiterpene aldehydes in outer cells of the lateral root tips, as well as in pigment glands. The CAD1 gene expression in G. arboreum seedlings and the spatial pattern of sesquiterpene biosynthesis constitute a chemical defense machinery in cotton seedlings.

关键词： cotton sesquiterpene cyclase gossypol cadinene in situ hybridization.

FORMATION OF SOCIAL NORMS IN COMMUNICATING AGENTS WITH COGNITIVE FRAMEWORKS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2001年第1期14卷 54-74页

作者： takashi hashimoto (Japan Advanced institute of Science and Technology, Tatsunokuchi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan) Susumu Egashira (Otaru University of Commerce, 3-5-21, Midori, Otaru, 047-8501, Japan University of Cambridge) Japan Advanced institute of Science and Technology 日本 923-1292 Otaru University of Commerce 日本 047-8501

This article deals with the process of formation of norms in societies in which individuals act according to their own cognitive framework under communication. The individuals acquire information from others and interpret it. The way of individual’s action is revised through changing the source of information and reforming the method of interpretation. Through the revising mechanisms, assemblages sharing cognitive frameworks are established. First individuals adopt the same source of information and then arrange the shared cognitive framework. The assemblages are considered as groups with common norms, since the same cognitive framework gives actions coherency. In the process of formation the two revising mechanisms function in turn. The intensity of interaction among individuals affects the period to build norms and the size of groups sharing the norms. The size develops under strong interaction but the period becomes long. The dependency of the average size of norms on the strength obeys a power law.

关键词： Formation of norms cognitive framework multi-agent model.

X-ray diagnosis with a bloating agent for foreign object ingestion

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第5期2卷 157-159页

作者： Hirokazu Tomishige Zenichi Morise Tatsuya Suzuki Fujio Hara Masahito Hibi Takazumi Kato takashi hashimoto Department of Surgery Fujita Health University School of MedicineBanbuntane Houtokukai HospitalNagoyaAichi 454-8509Japan Department of Pediatric Surgery Fujita Health University School of MedicineToyoakeAichi 470-1192Japan

The location of an ingested foreign object is often difficult to determine by X-ray if gastric air bubbles are not clear in the *** that provide negative contrast can facilitate precise object localization,which is important for object retrieval and treatment of the *** case report describes a male child,2 years and 2 mo of age,who accidentally swallowed a lithium battery while playing at home.A plain X-ray showed that the battery was in the abdomen,but it was unclear whether the object was still inside the stomach.A second X-ray examination performed after oral administration of a bloating agent to produce expansion of the stomach and provide negative contrast confirmed that the ingested battery was still in the *** battery was then carefully removed using magnetic and balloon catheters under fluoroscopic *** case report describes the successful use of an orally administered bloating agent without pain to the child in orderto determine the precise location of a foreign object in the abdomen.

关键词： Accidental ingestion Bloating agent X-ray Minimal invasion Foreign object

Exotic Beam for Direct Measurement of the 22^Mg＋a

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2013年第2期3卷 83-86页

作者： Nguyen Ngoc Duy Shiregu Kubono Hidetoshi Yamaguchi David Kahl takashi hashimoto Shinsuke Ota Yasuo Wakabayashi takashi Teranishi Yoong Hee Kim Joeng Soeg Song L.H. Khiem Jun Hu Department of Physics Dongnai University 04-Le Quy Don Bien Hoa City 71000 Dong Nai Vietnam Institute of Physics Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hoang Quoc Viet Hanoi 10000 Vietnam Center for Nuclear Study Graduate School of Science Univ. of Tokyo Hirosawa Wako-shi Saitama 351-0198 Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) Mukoyama Naka-shi Ibaraki 311-0193 Japan Department of Physics University of Kyushu Hakozaki Higashi Ward Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan Department of Physics Seoul University Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul 151-742 Korea Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Science Lanzhou 730000 China

The scattering and resonance reactions of ^22Mg＋p and ^22Mg＋α play crucial roles for studying deeply not only in the structure of proton-rich nuclei of ^23A1 and ^26Si but also for the interest of astrophysics. It is believed that ^22Mg nucleus is a waiting point in the αp-process of nucleosynthesis in novae. We supposed to perform direct measurement the ^22Mg＋α system in invert kinematics using radioactive ion （RI） beam. The ^22Mg beam of 3.73 MeV/u was produced at CRIB facility of the University of Tokyo located at RIKEN, Japan in 2011. In this paper, we report the results the scattering and resonance reactions with the alpha target. of the ^22Mg beam production used for the direct measurement of

关键词： Radioactive ions stellar reaction CRIB nuclear astrophysics.

SPIRAL Genes Regulate Differential Cell Elongation in Arabidopsis

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SPIRAL Genes Regulate Differential Cell Elongation in Arabid...