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Loss of Masticatory Function Affects Morphology of the Tooth Root in Rats

Open Journal of Stomatology 2021年第1期11卷 37-54页

作者： takamichi yamada Kei Ogawa Takehiko Shimizu Department of Pediatric Dentistry Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Pediatric Dentistry Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Chiba Japan Nihon University Research Institute of Oral Science Chiba Japan

Masticatory hypofunction and soft food affect the tooth rows, occlusion, and jawbone. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and a soft diet on morphology of the tooth root during the growth period. We divided 3-week-old Wistar rats into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). Length, width, cross-sectional area, and volume of the root of the mandibular M1 and M2 were measured using micro-CT analysis. Non-decalcified thin-slice specimens of sagittal sections of the M1 were obtained at the age of 20 weeks, and the roots were observed. The root length of all roots in the Extraction group was significantly longer than that in the other groups. The root width and cross-sectional area at the apical side 1/4 of all roots in the Extraction group were significantly smaller than those in the other groups. The root volume of the M1 mesial root in the Extraction group was significantly smaller than that in the other groups. This study clarified that when masticatory stimulus in the immature teeth is reduced by the extraction of opposing teeth and a powder diet, the root length increases due to the promotion of cellular cementum addition at the apex, and the root width and cross-sectional area decrease due to the suppression of cellular cementum addition at the apical side 1/4 of the roots.

关键词： Rats Tooth Root Morphology Powder Diet Extraction of Molars Micro-CT

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Influence of Masticatory Functional Loss on the Remodeling of Alveolar Bone in Rats

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2020年第12期10卷 341-359页

作者： Kei Ogawa takamichi yamada Norimitsu Hirai Wataru Morita Yurie Okada Seiko Yamamoto-Nemoto Takehiko Shimizu Department of Pediatric Dentistry Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Matsudo Chiba Japan Nihon University Research Institute of Oral Science Matsudo Chiba Japan Department of Pediatric Dentistry Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo Matsudo Chiba Japan

There is plenty of literature on masticatory function and its impact on maxillofacial development. However, the influence of masticatory hypofunction on bone turnover in the alveolar bone has hardly been studied. This study aimed to clarify the influence of tooth loss and soft diet on the alveolar bone turnover during the growth period. Three-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following three groups: Hard diet group (rats raised on solid standard diet), Powder diet group (rats raised on powdered standard feed diet), and Extraction group (rats raised on powdered standard diet with maxillary molars extraction). BV, BMC, and BMD in the cancellous bone of M1 were measured using micro-CT analysis. To analyze the histological bone turnover, we prepared non-decalcified thin sections of alveolar cancellous bone when rats were 20 weeks old. On three-dimensional constructed images, the experimental groups (the Powder diet and Extraction groups) showed expansion of the medullary cavity of the interradicular septum of the first molar compared to controls (the Hard diet group). BV, BMC, and BMD were significantly lower in the experimental groups, with the difference from controls being greater in the Extraction group. On histomorphometric analysis, the bone mass parameters, bone formation parameters, and bone mineralization parameters were significantly lower in the experimental groups compared to controls. The bone resorption parameters were significantly higher in the experimental groups. From this study, we found that soft diet and tooth loss might worsen the bone microstructure, reduce osteogenesis, and promote bone resorption in alveolar bone.

关键词： Rats Alveolar Bone Powder Diet Extraction of Molars Bone Histomorphometry

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