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A high-resolution environmental change record since 19 cal ka BP in Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第27期56卷 2931-2940页

作者： LU XinMiao ZHU LiPing NISHIMURA Mitsugu MORITA Yoshimune watanabe takahiro NAKAMURA Toshio WANG Yong Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surce Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China School of Marine Scinece and Technology Tokai University Shizuoka 424-8610 Japan Botanical Garden Okayama University of Science Okayama 700-0005 Japan Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan Centre for Chronological Research Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A 380-cm-long sediment core was acquired from the deep water area of Pumoyum Co, southern Tibet. Twenty-five plant residue samples were selected, and organic carbon stable isotopes were obtained using the AMS 14 C chronological method. The 14 C age and carbon reservoir effect were calibrated with surface sedimentation rate measurements using 210 Pb dating. Results showed that the core sediment deposited over 19 cal ka BP. Based on a multi-proxy analysis of TOC and IC contents, grain size and pollen assemblage data, the palaeoclimatic evolution of Pumoyum Co was reconstructed since the last glacial. Pumoyum Co was a shallow lake prior to 16.2 cal ka BP; although the glacier around the lake began to melt due to increasing temperatures, climate was still cold and dry. In the interval of 16.2-11.8 cal ka BP, the sedimentary environment fluctuated drastically and frequently. Two cold-events occurred at 14.2 and 11.8 cal ka BP, and these may correspond to the Older Dryas and the Younger Dryas events, respectively. After 11.8 cal ka BP, Pumoyun Co developed into the deep lake as it is now. The lake water temperature was relatively lower at that time because of influx of cold water from glacial meltwater entering the lake. As a result, the multi-proxy indicators showed no sign of warm conditions. Comparisons between the sedimentary record of Pumoyum Co with that of other lakes of the same age in southern Tibet indicate a warmer climate following the last deglaciation influenced the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. These results imply that the southwest Asian monsoon gradually became stronger since the deglaciation during its expansion to the inner plateau. The glacial-supplied water of the lake responded sensitively to cold-events. The entire southern Tibet region was dominantly influenced climatically by the southwest Asian monsoon during the Holocene.

关键词：西藏南部环境变化 CAL BP 合作高分辨率青藏高原东南部古气候演变

Outcomes of Single-Incision Laparoscopic Appendectomy at a Single Center

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Surgical Science 2013年第10期4卷 426-428页

作者： takahiro watanabe Hidetosi Wada Masanori Sato Yuichirou Miyaki Junpei Tochikubo Norihiko Shiiya Division of General Surgery and Endoscopic Surgery Surgery I Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan

Background and Objectives: Recently, single-incision laparoscopic surgery has been popular for minimally invasive surgery and cosmetic improvement. We studied outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) in accordance with our strategy for acute appendicitis. Methods: Clinical outcomes were revealed in each of nine emergency SILA (e-SILA) cases and eight interval SILA (i-SILA) cases performed for the treatment of acute appendicitis between September 2010 and August 2012 at our hospital. Results: The male to female ratio was 6:3 for e-SILA and 5:3 for i-SILA cases. Mean ages were 33.1 ± 17.8 years and 41 ± 21.6 years for e-SILA and i-SILA, respectively. The pretreatment white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were 14960 ± 4080/μL and 1.4 ± 2.3 mg/d, respectively, for e-SILA and 12657 ± 4290/μL and 6.7 ± 8.3 mg/d, respectively, for i-SILA. The maximum transverse diameter of appendix was 12.6 ± 3.5 mm for e-SILA and 11.6 ± 3.5 mm for i-SILA. Appendiceal abscesses were encountered in one (11%) e-SILA and three (38%) i-SILA cases. Perforation of the appendix at operation occurred in two (22%) e-SILA cases and no i-SILA cases. Generalized peritonitis occurred in 4 (44%) e-SILA cases but in none of the i-SILA cases. The postoperative hospital stay was 5.3 days for e-SILA, 2.7 days for i-SILA. Conversion to laparotomy was not required in either group. One additional trocar was needed for an e-SILA case, and paralytic ileus occurred as a postoperative complication in one e-SILA case. Conclusion: The outcomes of SILA performed under our strategy were acceptable and useful without major postoperative complications.

关键词： Laparoscopic Appendectomy Single Access Laparoscopic Surgery Minimally Invasive Surgery

西藏南部普莫雍错19 cal ka BP以来高分辨率环境记录

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科学通报 2011年第24期56卷 2006-2016页

作者：吕新苗朱立平 NISHIMURA Mitsugu MORITA Yoshimune watanabe takahiro NAKAMURA Toshio 汪勇中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境变化与地表过程重点实验室北京100085 School of Marine Science and Technology Tokai UniversityShizuoka 424-8610Japan BotanicalG arden Okayama University of ScienceOkayama 700-0005Japan Graduate School of Science Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8578Japan Centre for Chronological Research Nagoya UniversityNagoya 464-8602Japan 中国科学院研究生院北京100049

利用西藏南部普莫雍错深水湖区获取的3.8m长湖芯,对湖芯中25个样品的植物碎屑进行筛选和有机碳同位素测定,在确定植物来源的前提下进行了14C测定,结合表层样品的过剩210Pb衰变计算的沉积速率对整个湖芯的14C测年及其碳库效应进行了系统... 详细信息

利用西藏南部普莫雍错深水湖区获取的3.8m长湖芯,对湖芯中25个样品的植物碎屑进行筛选和有机碳同位素测定,在确定植物来源的前提下进行了14C测定,结合表层样品的过剩210Pb衰变计算的沉积速率对整个湖芯的14C测年及其碳库效应进行了系统校正,结果显示该湖芯完整地覆盖了19calkaBP以来的时间尺度.通过对湖芯TOC,IC,粒度和孢粉的分析,发现该湖在16.2calkaBP之前为一个水深较浅的湖泊,尽管温度升高导致冰川开始融化,湖区环境仍然具有冷干的特征;16.2～11.8calkaBP,沉积环境剧烈而频繁的波动,14.2和11.8calkaBP左右的2次冷事件可能是老仙女木和新仙女木事件的反映.11.8calkaBP之后,已经形成了现今状态的深水湖泊,冰川融水的补给使得湖泊水温较低,受到湖泊水体影响的沉积物环境代用指标对温暖条件的响应并不明显.通过普莫雍错湖与西藏南部相同时代的不同湖泊沉积物记录的比较,发现末次冰消期开始的气候转暖对青藏高原东南部影响更加显著,反映了西南季风自冰消期以后逐渐加强、向高原内部推移的过程,以冰川融水补给为主的湖泊对冷事件的响应更加明显.全新世以来,西南季风对整个西藏南部区域发挥着控制性影响.

关键词：西藏普莫雍错湖泊沉积环境变化高分辨率冰融水

Coronary stenting with cardiogenic shock due to acute ascending aortic dissection

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World Journal of Cardiology 2015年第2期7卷 104-110页

作者： Yuichi Hanaki Kazuhiko Yumoto Seigen I Hajime Aoki Tomoyuki Fukuzawa takahiro watanabe Kenichi Kato Department of Cardiology Yokohama Rosai Hospital

A 65-year-old man developed chest pain under cardiogenic shock. Coronary angiography revealed severe stenosis from the ostium of the left main coronary artery(LMCA) to the left anterior descending artery(LAD). Intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) identified a large hematoma that originated from the aorta and extended into the LAD, thereby compressing the true lumen. Type A aortic dissection(TAAD) that involved the LMCA was diagnosed by IVUS. Coronary stenting was performed via the LMCA to the proximal LAD, which resulted in coronary blood flow restoration and no further propagation of dissection. Elective surgical aortic repair was performed 2 wk after the stenting. LMCA stenting under IVUS guidance is effective for prompt diagnosis and precise stent deployment in patients with cardiogenic shock due to TAAD with LMCA dissection.

关键词： Aortic dissection Left main coronary artery Myocardial infarction Intravascular ultrasound Coronary artery stenting

Saturated hydraulic conductivity of compacted bentonite-sand mixtures before and after gas migration in artificial seawater

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第1期15卷 216-226页

作者： Yasutaka watanabe Shingo Yokoyama Misato Shimbashi Yoichi Yamamoto takahiro Goto Sustainable System Research Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power IndustryChibaJapan Science and Technology Department Nuclear Waste Management Organization of JapanTokyoJapan

To understand the self-healing property of an engineered barrier for radioactive waste disposal,the hydraulic conductivity of compacted bentoniteesand mixtures saturated with artificial seawater(SW)before and after gas migration was ***-and Ca-bentonites were mixed with fine sand at a ratio of 70%bentonite in dry *** aspects were considered during the experiment:the hydraulic conductivity of the specimen that was resaturated after gas migration and the distribution of water content immediately after gas migration to study gas migration *** gas migrated through the entire cross-section of the specimen,and gas breakthrough occurred in the equilibrium swelling pressure range ***,the gas flow rate reached a sufficient large value when the gas pressure was approximately twice the equilibrium axial pressure(the sum of swelling and confining pressures),which excluded the back *** the gas migration pathway was not visible when the specimen was observed immediately after gas migration,the water content distribution showed that several parts of the specimen with lower water content were connected in the direction of gas *** resaturation,the change in permeability was within a limited rangedtwo to three times larger than that before gas migration for each type of bentonite in *** slight change suggests that gas migration creates a pore structure that cannot be sealed via crystalline swelling of montmorillonite in SW,even if highly compacted bentonite is used under a constant-volume condition.

关键词： Bentonite Gas migration Hydraulic conductivity Seawater(SW) Self-healing

Control of Snow Falling Flow around NACA0015 Blade using a Plasma Electrode with Weather Resistant Design

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第1期31卷 72-81页

作者： MATSUDA Hisashi CHIBA takahiro YAGAMI Masaki TAJIMA Yusuke watanabe Nobuyoshi SATO Hideaki TAKEYAMA Masafumi Hokkaido University of Science Hokkaido 006-8585Japan Asahi Rubber Inc. Saitama 330-0801Japan

The plasma actuation (PA) effect on the snow falling flow was investigated using a plasma electrode with weather resistant design and the natural snow wind facility of the Hokkaido University of Science. NACA0015 test blade with chord length c of 300 mm was used. Wind tunnel tests were carried out under the angle of the attack of the blade was fixed at 15 degrees, and the main flow velocity is U=5 m/s. PIV (Particle image velocimetry) measurements were conducted on various PA conditions using natural dry snowflakes as a tracer. When the actuator was driven under the condition of the fundamental frequency of F=50 kHz, and the pulsed modulated frequency f of fc/U=1 and Duty ratio (Ratio of plasma ON time to pulse duration time) =1%, movement of snowflakes was controlled the most effectively tested. It was clarified that the fundamental frequency of PA also affects the control of snow flow. Under snowfall conditions, the weather resistant designed plasma electrode has suffered no damage and operated successfully.

关键词： plasma actuator weather resistant design snow falling flow control experiment PIV

A dwarf bamboo(Pleioblastus chino) and winter browsing by Japanese hare(Lepus brachyurus) combine to limit establishment of transplanted native tree seedlings in an abandoned agricultural field

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1287-1294页

作者： Yoshinori Tokuoka Kentaro Ohigashi Koji watanabe Hiroshi Yamaguchi takahiro Ara Nobukazu Nakagoshi Biodiversity Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences (NIAES) Ecosystem Informatics Division NIAES Experimental Farm Management Division NIAES Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University

Natural forest recovery on abandoned farmland is hindered by a variety of factors and active restoration plays an important role when quick afforestation is desired. We investigated seedling survival of four transplanted native tree species （Quercus myrsinifolia, Quercus serrata, Aphananthe aspera, and Rhus sylvestris） by experimentally manipulating the vegetation cover, which was mainly dominated by dwarf bamboo （Pleioblastus chino）, and herbivore access to the planting sites on farmland that had been abandoned for 15 years at the start of the study. Few transplanted seedlings of any species survived under intact vegetation cover, irrespective of herbivore presence. In gaps in the vegetation cover, winter browsing by Japanese hare （Lepus brachyurus） damaged all species. However, lower browsing frequency and higher resprouting ability after grazing of the seedlings enabled both Quercus species to survive better than the other species. These results indicate that dwarf bamboo and the hare jointly limit the establishment of native trees in old fields. If active afforestation by transplanting seedlings at sites dominated by dwarf bamboo is planned, a combination of vegetation removal, selection of suitable species, and temporary seedling protection will be most effective.

关键词： Farmland abandonment Microsite limitation Monodominant dwarf bamboo Resprouting Seedling herbivory

Removal of competitive native species combined with tree planting can accelerate the initial afforestation process: an experiment in an old field in Japan invaded by dwarf bamboo and kudzu

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第3期26卷 581-588页

作者： Yoshinori Tokuoka Kentaro Ohigashi Koji watanabe Hiroshi Yamaguchi takahiro Ara Nobukazu Nakagoshi Biodiversity Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 Kannondai TsukubaIbaraki 305-8604 Japan Ecosystem Informatics Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 Kannondai TsukubaIbaraki 305-8604 Japan Experimental Farm Management Division National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 KannondaiTsukuba Ibaraki 305-8604 Japan Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation Hiroshima University 1-5-1 KagamiyamaHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8529 Japan

Restoring natural forests after field abandon- ment is a land management objective that fosters the re- covery of forest biodiversity. We performed seeding and transplanting of native tree species 40 years after the abandonment of an arable field that became dominated by a dwarf bamboo （Pleioblastus chino （Franch. et Sav.） Makino） and by kudzu （Pueraria lobata （Willd.） Ohwi）. By permutation tests, the removal of competing vegetation （gap creation） significantly increased the survival of three seeded species of Fagaceae and of eight transplanted spe- cies. In contrast, intact vegetation prevented most indi- viduals of all species from surviving for 1 year after planting. The lack of natural recruitment of Fagaceae in the nonseeded subplots indicated that seed limitation was a cause of the slow afforestation. Although litter accumula- tion in gaps at the time of seeding slightly increased sur- vival for late-germinating Quercus myrsinifolia Blume andCastanopsis sieboldii （Makino） Hatus. ex T. Yamaz. et Mashiba, the effect was not consistent among plots and was not statistically significant. Our results suggest that for successful afforestation using native trees in abandoned fields, it will be necessary to remove competitive native species to avoid severe limitations on microsite availability and that simultaneous tree establishment by seeding or transplanting should be implemented to accelerate the establishment of native tree species.

关键词： Farmland abandonment - Micrositelimitation Pleioblastus chino Pueraria lobata Treeseedling

Irrigation system and land use effect on surface water quality in river, at lake Dianchi, Yunnan, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第6期25卷 1107-1116页

作者： Takashi Tanaka takahiro Sato Kazuo watanabe Ying Wang Dan Yang Hiromo Inoue Kunzhi Li Tatsuya Inamura Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Biotechnology Research Center Kunming University of Science and Technology Crop and Environmental Sciences Division International Rice Research Institute Center for Southeast Asian Studies Kyoto University

The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations. The temporal and spatial distribution of water quality tendency was observed. The water quality of each river is dependent on the hydrology effect such water gate and circulating irrigation system. We must consider the hydrology effect to accurately understand water quality variations of river in this study field. In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen （NO3-N） concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. This result suggests that greenhouse covers the soil from precipitation, and nitrate load of greenhouse could be less than that of open field cultivation while the rainfall event. In the upper reaches of river, where is dominated by open field cultivation, there were no sharp increase dissolved molybdate reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration, but P load was accumulated in the lower reaches of river, whose predominant land use is greenhouse. Although the P sources is unclear in this study, greenhouse area may have potential of P loads due to its high P content in greenhouse soil. Considering hydrology effect is necessary to determine what the major factor is influencing the water quality variation, especially in area with highly complicated irrigation system in this studying site.

关键词： lake Dianchi eutrophication surface water quality land use plastic greenhouse circulating irrigation