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Rat embryonic stem cells create new era in development of genetically manipulated rat models

World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第7期7卷 1054-1063页

作者： Kazushi Kawaharada Masaki Kawamata takahiro ochiya Research and Development Division DS Pharma Biomedical Co. Ltd. Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine National Cancer Center Research Institute

Embryonic stem(ES) cells are isolated from theinner cell mass of a blastocyst, and are used for the generation of gene-modified animals. In mice, the transplantation of gene-modified ES cells into recipient blastocysts leads to the creation of gene-targeted mice such as knock-in and knock-out mice; these gene-targeted mice contribute greatly to scientific development. Although the rat is considered a useful laboratory animal alongside the mouse, fewer genemodified rats have been produced due to the lack of robust establishment methods for rat ES cells. A new method for establishing rat ES cells using signaling inhibitors was reported in 2008. By considering the characteristics of rat ES cells, recent research has made progress in improving conditions for the stable culture of rat ES cells in order to generate gene-modified rats efficiently. In this review, we summarize several advanced methods to maintain rat ES cells and generate gene-targeted rats.

关键词： Embryonic stem cells Transgenic rat

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MicroRNA and liver cancer

引用

Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第3期3卷 385-400页

作者： Masaya Onishi takahiro ochiya Yasuhito Tanaka Department of Virology&Liver unit Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya 467-8601Japan. Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo Medical UniversityTokyo 160-8402Japan.

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a major cause of cancer-related deaths *** is characterized by a poor prognosis and an ever increasing number of scientific studies aim to find new diagnostic,prognostic,and therapeutic ***(miRNAs),small non-coding RNAs that regulate the gene expression in many processes,have been shown to play a crucial role in regulating hepatocellular *** may act as oncogenic miRNAs and tumor suppressor miRNAs and regulate cancer cell proliferation,invasion,and metastasis by being differently upregulated or downregulated and targeting the genes related with *** secreted from cancer cells are found circulating in the blood,presenting an opportunity for their use as diseaserelated ***,extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs are known to reflect the cell of origin and function and may provide effective biomarkers for predicting diagnosis and prognosis and new therapeutic target in *** this article,we describe the most recent findings regarding the molecular mechanisms and gene regulation of microRNA in HCC,as well as their application in diagnosis/prognosis and treatment.

关键词： MicroRNA hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis extracellular vesicles

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