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Stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer through diagnostic route:Who should be screened?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1368-1376页

作者： Nobukazu Agatsuma takahiro Utsumi Yoshitaka Nishikawa takahiro Horimatsu Takeshi Seta Yukitaka Yamashita Yukari Tanaka takahiro Inoue Yuki Nakanishi takahiro Shimizu Mikako Ohno Akane Fukushima Takeo Nakayama Hiroshi Seno Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyoto 606-8507Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical CenterWakayama 640-8558Japan Department of Health Informatics Kyoto University School of Public HealthKyoto 606-8501Japan Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science(iACT) Kyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan Medical Support Section Medical Affairs DivisionKyoto University HospitalKyoto 606-8507Japan

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a global health concern,with advanced-stage diagnoses contributing to poor prognoses.The efficacy of CRC screening has been well-established;nevertheless,a significant proportion of patients remain unscreened,with>70%of cases diagnosed outside screening.Although identifying specific subgroups for whom CRC screening should be particularly recommended is crucial owing to limited resources,the association between the diagnostic routes and identification of these subgroups has been less appreciated.In the Japanese cancer registry,the diagnostic routes for groups discovered outside of screening are primarily categorized into those with comorbidities found during hospital visits and those with CRC-related symptoms.AIM To clarify the stage at CRC diagnosis based on diagnostic routes.METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study using a cancer registry of patients with CRC between January 2016 and December 2019 at two hospitals.The diagnostic routes were primarily classified into three groups:Cancer screening,follow-up,and symptomatic.The early-stage was defined as Stages 0 or I.Multivariate and univariate logistic regressions were exploited to determine the odds of early-stage diagnosis in the symptomatic and cancer screening groups,referencing the follow-up group.The adjusted covariates were age,sex,and tumor location.RESULTS Of the 2083 patients,715(34.4%),1064(51.1%),and 304(14.6%)belonged to the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,respectively.Among the 2083 patients,CRCs diagnosed at an early stage were 57.3%(410 of 715),23.9%(254 of 1064),and 59.5%(181 of 304)in the follow-up,symptomatic,and cancer screening groups,respectively.The symptomatic group exhibited a lower likelihood of early-stage diagnosis than the follow-up group[P<0.001,adjusted odds ratio(aOR),0.23;95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.19-0.29].The likelihood of diagnosis at an early stage was similar between the follow-up and cancer screening groups(P=0.493,aOR for early-stage diagnosis in the

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Cancer registry Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of 3 Screen Islet Cell Autoantibody in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 935-944页

作者： Eiji Kawasaki Hidekazu Tamai takahiro Fukuyama Yoko Sagara Ryutaro Hidaka Aira Uchida Masayuki Tojikubo Narihito Tatsumoto Yuko Akehi Yuji Hiromatsu The Diabetes Thyroid and Endocrine CenterShin-Koga HospitalKurume 830-8577Japan

BACKGROUND In recent years,the emergence of multiplex technology that can simultaneously measure multiple anti-islet autoantibodies has become particularly valuable for the staging and early diagnosis of immune-mediated type 1 diabetes(T1D).While it has been established that 20%-30%of T1D patients suffer from autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD),there is limited available data regarding the presence of anti-islet autoantibodies in AITD patients.Among commercially available anti-islet autoantibodies,glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies(GADAs)are often the first marker measured in general clinical practice.AIM To investigate the frequency of anti-islet autoantibodies in AITD patients.METHODS Our study involved four hundred ninety-five AITD patients,categorized into three distinct groups:AITD with T1D(n=18),AITD with phenotypic type 2 diabetes(T2D)(n=81),and AITD without diabetes(n=396),and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was employed to determine the frequencies of 3 Screen Islet Cell Autoantibody(3 Screen ICA),GADA,insulinoma-associated antigen-2 autoantibodies(IA-2As),and zinc transporter 8 autoantibodies(ZnT8As)within these groups.RESULTS The frequency of 3 Screen ICA in AITD patients with T1D,T2D,and those without diabetes were 88.9%,6.2%,and 5.1%,respectively,with no significant difference seen between the latter two groups.Notably,the frequency of 3 Screen ICA was 11.1%higher in AITD patients with T1D,1.3%higher in AITD patients with T2D,and 1.1%higher in AITD patients without diabetes compared to GADA,respectively.Furthermore,12.5%,20.0%,and 20.0%of the 3 Screen ICA-positive patients were negative for GADA.Additionally,1.3%of the AITD patients who tested negative for 3 Screen ICA in both the AITD with T2D and non-diabetic AITD groups were found to be positive for individual autoantibodies.Among the 3 Screen ICA-positive patients,there was a significantly higher proportion of individuals with multiple autoantibodies in AITD patients with T1D compared to those without diabetes(37.5%vs 5.0%,P<0

关键词： Anti-islet autoantibodies Autoimmune thyroid disease Real-world practice Retrospective study Type 1 diabetes

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Melanosomes Isolated from B16 Melanoma Cells by Using Ultra High Voltage Electron Microscopy

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Microscopy Research 2014年第1期2卷 1-8页

作者： Shuuichi Akazaki Toshie Takahashi Yujiro Nakano Tomoki Nishida Hirotarou Mori Akio Takaoka Hitomi Aoki Huayua Chen takahiro kunisada Kenzo Koike Beauty Research Center Kao Corporation Tokyo Japan Department of Anatomy Gifu University Gifu Japan. Department of Tissue and Organ Development Regeneration Gifu University Gifu Japan Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy Osaka University Suita Japan

Melanosomes, isolated by centrifugal separation from culture broth of B16 melanoma cells derived from mouse, were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Some interesting structural features were found inside and outside of the melanosomes. By SEM observation, the melanosomes were ellipsoid shape, their surface was not smooth and was covered with rough substructure, 10 to 20 nm particles. By TEM, uneven structure and micro particles were observed in the melanosomes. Furthermore, three-dimensional analysis was tried by using the ultra-high voltage electron microscopy(UHVEM). Micrographs of the melanosomes were taken at various tilted angles by UHVEM, after preparing 500 nm thickness specimens stained with lead citrate. From the micrographs collected, the three-dimensional structures were reconstructed by using i-mode software. Melanin stained by lead and non stained parts was clearly observed in the reconstructed structure. Non stained parts were round, regular size, and distributed widely in the melanosomes.

关键词： B16 Melanoma Melanosome Scanning Electron Microscopy Transmission Electron Microscopy Ultra High Voltage Electron Microscopy Three-Dimensional Structure

Removal of hexavalent chromium from water by Z-scheme photocatalysis using TiO_(2)(rutile)nanorods loaded with Au core-Cu_(2)0 shell particles

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 173-189页

作者： Sayaka Yanagida Takumi Yajima takahiro Takei Nobuhiro Kumada Center for Crystal Science and Technology University of YamanashiKofu 400-8511Japan Advanced Materials Development Sector Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute2-4-10AomiKoto-kuTokyo 135-0064Japan

All-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalysts,containing Cu_(2)O,TiO_(2)(rutile),and Au as the elec-tron mediator,were prepared and applied to the reduction of Cr(Ⅵ)in aqueous solutions.The Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composites were prepared by loading Au core-Cu_(2)O shell hemisphere particles on TiO_(2)(rutile)nanorods using a two-step photocatalytic deposition process.Un-der ultraviolet-visible(UV-vis)light illumination,the Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composites exhibited higher photocatalytic Cr(Ⅵ)reduction activities than those exhibited by single TiO_(2)(rutile)and Cu_(2)O.In this reaction,a precipitate containing Cr,which was considered to be Cr(OH)_(3),was deposited site-selectively on the Au core-Cu_(2)O shell particles of the composites,indi-cating that the reduction site of the composite was Cu_(2)O,and the reaction proceeded accord-ing to the Z-scheme.The Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composites also exhibited photocatalytic activity under visible light illumination.The oxidation state of Cu in the Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composite gradually changed from Cu(Ⅰ)to Cu(Ⅱ)during the photocatalytic Cr(Ⅵ)reduction.However the composite maintained its high photocatalytic performance even after oxidation.The role of Au in the Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composite was examined by comparing the properties of the Cu_(2)O-Au-TiO_(2) composite with those of the Cu_(2)O-TiO_(2) composite prepared via direct Cu_(2)O deposition on TiO_(2).

关键词： Cu_(2)O TiO_(2)(rutile) Z-scheme Photocatalyst Chromium

Treatment of postherpetic neuralgia by bone marrow aspirate injection:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第15期11卷 3619-3624页

作者： takahiro Honda Pazili Regenerative Medicine Department of Cell Therapy Japan Tokyo Stem Cell Transplant Research InstituteTokyo 104-0061Japan

BACKGROUND Postherpetic neuralgia(PHN)is the most frequent and a difficult-to-treat complication of herpes zoster(HZ).Its symptoms include allodynia,hyperalgesia,burning,and an electric shock-like sensation stemming from the hyperexcitability of damaged neurons and varicella-zoster virus-mediated inflammatory tissue damage.HZ-related PHN has an incidence of 5%–30%,and in some patients,the pain is intolerable and can lead to insomnia or depression.In many cases,the pain is resistant to pain-relieving drugs,necessitating radical therapy.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a patient with PHN whose pain was not cured by conventional treatments,such as analgesics,block injections,or Chinese medicines,but by bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection containing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.BMAC has already been used for joint pains.However,this is the first report on its use for PHN treatment.CONCLUSION This report reveals that bone marrow extract can be a radical therapy for PHN.

关键词： Bone marrow aspirate concentrate Postherpetic neuralgia Herpes zoster Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Pain syndrome Case report

Electron scattering by Friedel oscillations in carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 889-897页

作者： Takumi Inaba takahiro Morimoto Satoshi Yamazaki Toshiya Okazaki CNT-Application Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukuba 305-8565Japan Research Association of High-Throughput Design and Development for Advanced Functional Materials Tsukuba 305-8565Japan

Multi-walled carbon nanotube networks were confirmed to exhibit a linear decrease in resistivity with increasing temperature from 100 to above 400 K.The linearity was explained using a defect scattering model that involved Friedel oscillations(that is,electron-electron interactions).The applicability of this model,which was originally proposed for graphene,to carbon nanotubes was assessed based on a comparison of various experimental data.Increases in the slopes of the resistivity-temperature plots following the introduction of defects,as well as an effect of charge concentration on the slope were key predictions of this model.The results obtained from few-walled carbon nanotube networks are also shown.In the literature,linear resistivity-temperature plots were obtained from other graphene derivatives,indicating that the linearity originates from the hexagonal symmetry of these materials.The present work also indicated a relationship between the appearance of linearity and negative magnetoresistance above 100 K.Based on a mechanism incorporating scattering in association with Friedel oscillations and conventional electron conduction models,the universality of resistivity-temperature plots obtained from carbon nanotube networks is introduced.

关键词： carbon nanotube electron transport electron-electron interaction Friedel oscillations magnetoresistance

Numerical model of local scour considering the unsteady sediment inflow and sediment sorting: Application to scour upstream of slit weir

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第4期37卷 469-483页

作者： Kazuyuki Ota takahiro Sato Ryosuke Arai Meteorology and Fluid Science Division Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry

The current study proposes a novel framework for the numerical model for estimating the temporal scour considering unsteady sediment inflow and the sediment sorting process. The framework was applied to local scour upstream of a slit weir. The scour model is based on an ordinary nonlinear differential equation derived from sediment continuity and scour rate equations. A one-dimensional(1-D)Boussinesq-type model coupled with nonequilibrium sediment transport was incorporated in the scour model to consider unsteady sediment inflow. In addition, a mixing layer approach was incorporated to determine temporal variations in particle size in the scour hole. The proposed framework was validated using scour experiments conducted under conditions that include non-uniform sediment, live-bed scour,and unsteady flow rate. The simulation results showed satisfactory agreement with experimental results for the scour upstream of a slit weir. The proposed model appropriately explained the hysteresis process for flow unsteadiness, refilling process for live-bed scour, and armoring process for non-uniform sediments. In addition, the model framework proposed in the current study is applicable to local scour around other hydraulic structures(e.g., bridge piers) upon establishing the scour rate equation. Therefore, the current study provides a novel approach for modeling temporal scour that is required to consider unsteady sediment inflow and sediment sorting.

关键词： Local scour Temporal scour Mixing layer theory Slit weir Non-equilibrium bed load

Role of ultrasound in the treatment of pediatric infectious diseases:case series and narrative review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第1期19卷 20-34页

作者： takahiro Hosokawa Yutaka Tanami Yumiko Sato Kuntaro Deguchi Haruka Takei Eiji Oguma Department of Radiology Saitama Children's Medical Center1-2 Shintoshin Chuo-kuSaitama 330-8777Japan Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology Saitama Children's Medical CenterSaitamaJapan

Background Infectious diseases are common in pediatric patients.In these patients,ultrasound is a useful imaging modality that involves no irradiation or sedation and can be performed repeatedly at the patient's bedside.The purpose of this review was to show pediatric cases with infectious disease that used ultrasound to decide the methods of treatment.Data sources Literature review was performed using Pubmed as the medical database source.No year-of-publication restric-tion was placed.The mesh terms used were:"ultrasound","sonography","infectious disease","treatment","antibiotics","surgical intervention","pediatric","children","deep neck abscess","pyothorax","empyema","pneumonia","urinary tract infection","intra-abdominal abscess","soft tissue infection","septic arthritis","osteomyelitis",and"surgical site infection".Results We presented pediatric case series with infectious diseases,including deep neck abscess,pyothorax and empyema,pneumonia,urinary tract infection,intra-abdominal abscess,soft tissue infection,septic arthritis and osteomyelitis,and surgical-site infection.Ultrasound was useful for evaluating the extent and location of inflammation and abscess and for decision-making concerning surgical intervention.Conclusion Knowledge of these sonographic findings is important for sonographers during examinations and for physicians when determining the treatment plan and period of antibiotic therapy for infected lesions.

关键词： Infectious diseases Intra-abdominal abscess Osteomyelitis Pyothorax Ultrasound

Treatment of portosystemic shunt-borne hepatic encephalopathy in a 97-year-old woman using balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 945-951页

作者： Akihiro Nishi Tsuneaki Kenzaka Misa Sogi Shuichiro Nakaminato takahiro Suzuki General Medicine Awa Regional Medical CenterTateyama 2940014ChibaJapan Division of Community Medicine and Career Development Kobe University Graduate School of MedicineKobe 6500017HyogoJapan Department of Radiology Kameda Medical CenterKamogawa 2968602ChibaJapan

BACKGROUND Hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy are common in patients with portosystemic shunts.Surgical shunt occlusion has been standard treatment,although recently the less invasive balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration(B-RTO)has gained increasing attention.Thus far,there have been no reports on the treatment of portosystemic shunts with B-RTO in patients aged over 90 years.In this study,we present a case of hepatic encephalopathy caused by shunting of the left common iliac and inferior mesenteric veins,successfully treated with B-RTO.CASE SUMMARY A 97-year-old woman with no history of liver disease was admitted to our hospital because of disturbance of consciousness.She had no jaundice,spider angioma,palmar erythema,hepatosplenomegaly,or asterixis.Her blood tests showed hyperammonemia,and abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed a portosystemic shunt running between the left common iliac vein and the inferior mesenteric vein.She was diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy secondary to a portosystemic shunt.The patient did not improve with conservative treatment:Lactulose,rifaximin,and a low-protein diet.B-RTO was performed,which resulted in shunt closure and improvement in hyperammonemia and disturbance of consciousness.Moreover,there was no abdominal pain or elevated levels of liver enzymes due to complications.The patient was discharged without further consciousness disturbance.CONCLUSION Portosystemic shunt-borne hepatic encephalopathy must be considered in the differential diagnosis for consciousness disturbance,including abnormal behavior and speech.

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Hyperammonemia Portosystemic shunt Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration Elderly Case report