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Coordinated responses of leaf and nodule traits contribute to the accumulation of N in relay intercropped soybean

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1910-1928页

作者： Ping Chen Qing Du Benchuan Zheng Huan Yang Zhidan Fu Kai Luo Ping Lin Yilin Li Tian Pu taiwen yong Wenyu Yang College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in SouthwestMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChengdu 611130China Crop Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China

Maize(Zea mays L.)-soybean(Glycine max ***.)relay intercropping provides a way to enhance land ***,the late-planted soybean suffers from shading by the *** maize harvest,how the recovery growth influences the leaf and nodule traits remains unclear.A three-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of genotypes,i.e.,supernodulating(nts1007),Nandou 12(ND12),and Guixia 3(GX3),and crop configurations,i.e.,the interspecific row spacing of 45(I45),60(I60),75 cm(I75),and sole soybean(SS),on soybean recovery growth and N *** results showed that intercropping reduced the soybean total leaf area(LA)by reducing both the leaf number(LN)and unit leaflet area(LUA),and it reduced the nodule dry weight(NW)by reducing both the nodule number(NN)and nodule diameter(ND)compared with the *** correlation and principal component analysis(PCA)indicated a co-variability of the leaf and nodule traits in response to the genotype and crop configuration *** the recovery growth stages,the compensatory growth promoted soybean growth to reduce the gaps of leaf and nodule traits between intercropping and *** relative growth rates of ureide(RGR_U)and nitrogen(RGR_N)accumulation were higher in intercropping than in *** achieved more significant sucrose and starch contents compared with ***12 and GX3 showed more robust compensatory growth than nts1007 in *** the recovery growth of relay intercropping soybean improved biomass and nitrogen accumulation,ND12 gained a more significant partial land equivalent ratio(pLER)than *** I60 treatment achieved more robust compensation effects on biomass and N accumulation than the other ***,I60 showed a higher nodule sucrose content and greater shoot ureide and N accumulation than ***,intercropping ND12 with maize using an interspecific row spacing of 60 cm was optimal for both yield advantage and N accumulation.

关键词： relay intercropping genotype crop configuration symbiotic nitrogen fixation soybean nodule

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Maize-soybean relay cropping increases soybean yield synergistically by extending the post-anthesis leaf stay-green period and accelerating grain filling

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The Crop Journal 2023年第6期11卷 1921-1930页

作者： Yiling Li Ping Chen Zhidan Fu Kai Luo Ping Lin Chao Gao Shanshan Liu Tian Pu taiwen yong Wenyu Yang College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in SouthwestMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping SystemChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Relay cropping of Poaceae and Fabaceae promotes high yield and land-use efficiency by allowing a double ***,it is difficult to increase yield synergistically because of the reduced photosynthetic abilities of legume leaves under the shade of *** photosynthetic capacity in relay cropping systems is associated with ecological niche differentiation and photosynthetic compensation after restoration of normal *** conducted a field experiment in southwest China in 2020–2021 to evaluate the effects of three cropping patterns:maize–soybean relay cropping(IMS),monoculture maize(MM),and monoculture soybean(SS),and N application levels:no N application(NN:0 kg N ha^(−1)),reduced N(RN:180 kg N ha^(−1)),and conventional N(CN:240 kg N ha^(−1)).Compared to monocropping,relay cropping increased the stay-green traits of maize and soybean by 13%and 89%,*** cropping prolonged the leaf stay-green duration in the maize and soybean lag phase by almost 4 and 8 days,*** cropping maize(IM)increased the leaf area index(LAI)by 79.4%to 88.5%under NN and 55.5%to 148%under *** cropping soybean(IS)increased the LAI from 115%to 437%at days 40 to 50 after *** increased yield by 65.6%.IS increased yield by 9.7%.HI and system yield were at their highest values under *** the relay cropping system,reduced N application extended green leaf duration,increased photosynthesis inside the canopy at multiple levels,ultimately increases soybean yield synergistically.

关键词： Leaf stay-green Nitrogen reduction Maize-soybean relay cropping Yield

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Far-red light: A regulator of plant morphology and photosynthetic capacity

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 300-309页

作者： Tingting Tan Shenglan Li Yuanfang Fan Zhonglin Wang Muhammad Ali Raza Iram Shafiq Beibei Wang Xiaoling Wu taiwen yong Xiaochun Wang Yushan Wu Feng Yang Wenyu Yang College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System Chengdu 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest Ministry of AgricultureChengdu 611130SichuanChina

Plant photosynthetic capacity directly determines crop yield. Light quality regulates photosynthetic capacity. This review discusses plant responses to far-red light from the phenotypic to the molecular level, focusing specifically on the improvement of photosynthetic capacity by adjustment of photosynthetic electron transport and the path of light energy. Far-red light can also regulate leaf angle and increase plant height and leaf area, via expression of associated genes, to capture more light ***, far-red light regulates plant morphology and photosynthetic capacity. Identifying the mechanism of this regulation may lead to increased crop yields.

关键词： Far-red light Photosynthetic capacity Photosystem Photosynthetic electron transport

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Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input

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The Crop Journal 2020年第1期8卷 140-152页

作者： Qing Du Li Zhou Ping Chen Xiaoming Liu Chun Song Feng Yang Xiaochun Wang Weiguo Liu Xin Sun Junbo Du Jiang Liu Kai Shu Wenyu Yang taiwen yong College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina College of Environment Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest Ministry of AgricultureChengdu 611130SichuanChina Yibing Academy of Agricultural Sciences Yibing 644000SichuanChina Shehong Farm Bureau Suining 629200SichuanChina

Optimized nitrogen(N)management can increase N-use efficiency in intercropping ***-nonlegume intercropping systems can reduce N input by exploiting biological N fixation by *** of N utilization can help in dissecting the mechanisms underlying N uptake and utilization in legume-nonlegume intercropping *** experiment was performed with three planting patterns:monoculture maize(MM),monoculture soybean(SS),and maize-soybean relay intercropping(IMS),and three N application levels:zero N(NN),reduced N(RN),and conventional N(CN)to investigate crop N uptake and utilization characteristics.N recovery efficiency and 15N recovery rate of crops were higher under RN than under CN,and those under RN were higher under intercropping than under the corresponding *** with MM,IMS showed a lower soil N-dependent rate(SNDR)in ***,the SNDR of MM rapidly declined from 86.8%in 2012 to 49.4%in 2014,whereas that of IMS declined slowly from 75.4%in 2012 to 69.4%in *** interspecific N competition rate(NCRms)was higher under RN than under CN,and increased *** nodule dry weight and nitrogenase activities were respectively 34.2%and 12.5%higher under intercropping than in monoculture at the beginning seed *** amount(Ndfa)and ratio(%Ndfa)of soybean N2 fixation were significantly greater under IS than under *** conclusion,N fertilizer was more efficiently used under RN than under CN;in particular,the relay intercropping system promoted N fertilizer utilization in comparison with the corresponding *** intercropping system helps to maintain soil fertility because interspecific N competition promotes biological N fixation by soybean by reducing N ***,a maize-soybean relay intercropping system with reduced N application is sustainable and environmentally friendly.

关键词： Maize-soybean relay intercropping Reduced nitrogen Biological nitrogen fixation Nitrogen recovery efficiency Soil nitrogen dependent rate

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Optimizing trade-offs between light transmittance and intraspecific competition under varying crop layouts in a maize–soybean strip relay cropping system

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Crop Journal 2024年第6期12卷 1780-1790页

作者： Feng, Liang Shi, Kai Liu, Xin Yang, Huan Pu, Tian Wu, Yushan yong, taiwen Yang, Feng Wang, Xiaochun van Groenigen, Kees Jan Yang, Wenyu College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural University 211-Huimin Road Wenjiang District Sichuan Chengdu 611130 China Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Cropping Systems Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming Systems in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture) Sichuan Chengdu 611130 China Department of Geography Faculty of Environment Science and Economy University of Exeter Exeter EX4 4 RJ United Kingdom

Light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth and development. In relay cropping systems, crop layouts influence light distribution, affecting light use efficiency (LUE). However, the response of light interception, light conversion, and LUE for relay maize and relay soybean to different crop layouts remains unclear. We aimed to quantify the effect of crop layout on intraspecific and interspecific competition, light interception, light conversion, LUE, and land productivity between relay maize and relay soybean. We conducted a field experiment for four consecutive years from 2017 to 2020 in Sichuan province, China, comparing different crop layouts (bandwidth 2.0 m, row ratio 2:2;bandwidth 2.4 m, row ratio 2:3;bandwidth 2.8 m, row ratio 2:4), with sole maize and sole soybean as controls. The results showed that relay maize in the 2.0 m bandwidth layout had the largest leaf area index and plant biomass, the lowest intraspecific competitive intensity and the highest aggressiveness. Compared to a bandwidth of 2.0 m, a bandwidth of 2.8 m significantly decreased relay maize leaf area index by 11% and plant biomass by 24%, while a 2.4 m bandwidth caused roughly half these reductions. The 2.0 m bandwidth layout also significantly improved crop light interception and LUE compared to sole maize. The light interception, light interception rate, light conversion rate and LUE in relay maize all decreased significantly with increasing bandwidth, but they increased in relay soybean. The increased light transmittance to the lower and middle canopy with increasing bandwidth did not compensate for the loss of relay maize yield caused by increased intraspecific competition. However, it enhanced the yield of relay soybeans. Increasing the bandwidth by 80 cm increased the relay maize intraspecific competition by 580%, and reduced maize yield by 33%, light interception by 12%, and LUE by 18%. In contrast, the relay soybean intraspecific competition was reduced

关键词： Crop layout Intraspecific-interspecific relationships Land productivity Maize Relay cropping

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玉米大豆播期衔接对间作大豆干物质积累及产量的影响

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华北农学报 2017年第3期32卷 96-102页

作者：杨燕竹杜青陈平杨文钰雍太文四川农业大学农学院农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心四川成都611130

为完善玉米/大豆间作的播期衔接技术,在西南地区寻求合适的玉米、大豆播期。试验在田间采用二因素裂区设计,以玉米/大豆间作模式下3个玉米播期:早播(A1:5月15日)、中播(A2:5月30日)、晚播(A3:6月14日)与3个大豆播期:早播(B1:5月30日)、... 详细信息

为完善玉米/大豆间作的播期衔接技术,在西南地区寻求合适的玉米、大豆播期。试验在田间采用二因素裂区设计,以玉米/大豆间作模式下3个玉米播期:早播(A1:5月15日)、中播(A2:5月30日)、晚播(A3:6月14日)与3个大豆播期:早播(B1:5月30日)、中播(B2:6月14日)、晚播(B3:6月29日)为对象,研究不同玉米、大豆播期对大豆的干物质积累、器官分配比率及产量的影响。结果表明:大豆开花后作物生长率、单株干物质积累量、荚果分配率和产量均在玉米中播时最高,开花后作物生长率较玉米晚播时高出33.2%;在R4、R6生育时期,单株干物质积累量和大豆荚果分配比率分别比玉米晚播时高32.4%,17.9%和26.3%,23.9%;大豆产量较玉米晚播时高75.7%。玉米中播时衔接不同播期的大豆,其单株干物质积累量、荚果分配比率和产量均在大豆早播时最高,在R4、R6生育时期,大豆单株干物质积累量与荚果分配比率比大豆晚播时分别高195.4%,58.5%和33.9%,26.7%;大豆产量较大豆晚播时高出128.7%。在玉米/大豆间作下,玉米中播(5月30日)间作大豆早播(5月30日),即玉米大豆同时播种时,可提高大豆开花后作物生长率,增加单株干物质累积量、籽粒分配率和产量。

关键词：玉米/大豆间作播期衔接物质积累产量

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套作大豆后期叶片叶绿素荧光特性及光谱特征分析

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核农学报 2015年第6期29卷 1182-1189页

作者：王锐杨峰张勇黄山雍太文刘卫国杨文钰四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室四川成都611130

为探究套作遮阴后大豆叶片叶绿素荧光特性和光谱特征响应规律,本试验设置2种空间配置(玉米窄行行距为40cm和80cm),研究了玉米收获后套作大豆始花期和盛荚期叶片光合色素含量、荧光参数、光谱响应特征及其之间的关系。结果表明,始花期套... 详细信息

为探究套作遮阴后大豆叶片叶绿素荧光特性和光谱特征响应规律,本试验设置2种空间配置(玉米窄行行距为40cm和80cm),研究了玉米收获后套作大豆始花期和盛荚期叶片光合色素含量、荧光参数、光谱响应特征及其之间的关系。结果表明,始花期套作大豆叶片叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量及叶绿素与类胡萝卜素比值随着玉米窄行行距增大而减小;叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm呈先增大后减小趋势,F'q/F'm、q P和NPQ均呈先减小后增大趋势,处理间差异显著;同样,大豆叶片光谱曲线与光合色素变化规律一致,套作与净作相比,红边位置出现"蓝移",玉米窄行40cm与80cm处理相比红边位置出现"红移"现象。在盛荚期,套作大豆叶片各参数变化规律不明显,可能与光恢复有关。对7个植被指数与始花期光合色素含量及荧光特征参数相关性分析,发现GNDVI、CARI、TCARI、RVI和Rch与光合色素相关性均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),而PSRI和SIPI与荧光参数相关性均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。研究表明,利用高光谱遥感技术分析套作大豆光合生理响应参数具有可行性。

关键词：大豆光合色素套作红边位置植被指数

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减量施氮对玉米/大豆套作系统中作物氮素吸收及土壤氨氧化与反硝化细菌多样性的影响

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中国农业科学 2017年第6期50卷 1076-1087页

作者：周丽付智丹杜青陈平杨文钰雍太文四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心

【目的】揭示玉米/大豆套作系统下作物根际土壤细菌数量及群落多样性变化特征与土壤总氮含量、作物氮素吸收之间的关系,为禾/豆间(套)作减肥增效生产提供理论和技术支撑。【方法】大田试验于2013—2015年进行,采用两因素裂区设计,主因... 详细信息

【目的】揭示玉米/大豆套作系统下作物根际土壤细菌数量及群落多样性变化特征与土壤总氮含量、作物氮素吸收之间的关系,为禾/豆间(套)作减肥增效生产提供理论和技术支撑。【方法】大田试验于2013—2015年进行,采用两因素裂区设计,主因素为种植模式,设玉米单作(MM)、大豆单作(SS)和玉米/大豆套作(IMS);副因素为玉米、大豆施氮总量,设不施氮(NN:0)、减量施氮(RN:180 kg·hm)和常量施氮(CN:240 kg·hm)。在玉米V12期、VT期和R6期,大豆V5期、R2期、R5期和R8期,利用稀释平板法和凯氏定氮法测定各作物根际土壤细菌数量、非根际土壤和植株总氮含量;结合克隆文库和荧光定量PCR技术研究各处理氨氧化细菌(amo A基因)、反硝化细菌(nir S基因)多样性及其基因丰度。【结果】与相应的单作相比,套作玉米(IM)的作物根际土壤细菌数量提高2.6%,套作大豆提高12.9%;套作玉米土壤总氮含量和植株吸氮量分别提高13.39%和2.10%,大豆的分别降低5.81%和3.24%;套作玉米、大豆的amo A基因丰度比单作增加了38.5%、64.8%,nir S基因丰度比单作提高57.77%、126.39%。各施氮水平间,RN的玉米根际土壤细菌数量比NN和CN的分别提高9.6%和9.8%,大豆的分别提高11.7%和11.0%;施氮提高了玉米、大豆植株吸氮量和土壤总氮含量,单作玉米随施氮量的增加而增加,套作玉米及单、套作大豆的均在RN下最高;减量施氮提高了玉米、大豆amoA基因多样性指数和单作玉米nir S基因多样性指数,降低了套作玉米和单套作大豆nirS基因多样性指数。【结论】减量施氮有利于增加玉米/大豆套作系统中作物根际土壤细菌数量,调节氨氧化细菌和反硝化细菌群落结构及多样性,改善土壤氮素转化过程,促进玉米、大豆对氮素的吸收,实现节肥增效。

关键词：玉米/大豆套作减量施氮细菌多样性氮素吸收

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不同遮荫处理下外源蔗糖对大豆叶片光合特性及物质积累与产量形成的影响

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四川农业大学学报 2023年第1期41卷 21-27,82页

作者：吴倩罗霄陈昭杨潇垒罗凯雍太文四川农业大学农学院/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心成都611130

【目的】探究不同遮荫处理下外源蔗糖对大豆叶片光合特性及物质积累与产量形成的影响。【方法】试验采用二因素裂区试验设计,以耐荫型大豆‘南豆25’为材料,主因素为遮荫时期:第3节期(V3)到初花期遮荫处理(VS)、初花期到成熟期遮荫处理(... 详细信息

【目的】探究不同遮荫处理下外源蔗糖对大豆叶片光合特性及物质积累与产量形成的影响。【方法】试验采用二因素裂区试验设计,以耐荫型大豆‘南豆25’为材料,主因素为遮荫时期:第3节期(V3)到初花期遮荫处理(VS)、初花期到成熟期遮荫处理(RS)、不遮荫处理(NS),副因素为外源蔗糖浓度:0%(CK)、1.0%(S1)、1.5%(S2),从第3节期至5节期(V5),每间隔1 d将蔗糖喷施于大豆叶片两侧。【结果】S2显著提升VS的上、中层叶片叶绿素含量,分别较CK提高10.41%、7.80%,显著增加NS上、中层的干物质,分别较CK提高40.00%、33.52%。S2处理能提升前期遮荫处理上层叶片光合速率,较CK提高13.30%。S2使VS、RS和NS处理下的产量较CK分别提高5.98%、44.82%和13.10%。S1增加前期遮荫处理中、下层叶片光合速率,较CK分别提高17.34%、9.29%。【结论】不同遮荫处理下的单株荚数、单株粒数和产量均下降。外源蔗糖通过提高大豆叶片叶绿素含量,增大叶面积,提高其光合速率,缓解遮荫带来的弱光胁迫,改善光合特性,进而得到增产,且以S2浓度处理最佳。

关键词：遮荫外源蔗糖光合特性产量形成

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植物生长调节剂对大豆-玉米带状间作农艺性状及产量的影响

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四川农业大学学报 2023年第5期41卷 773-780,800页

作者：朱文雪杨立达漆信同李洋雍太文四川农业大学农学院/农业农村部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室/四川省作物带状复合种植工程技术研究中心成都611130 四川国光农化股份有限公司成都611130

【目的】塑造大豆和玉米理想株型,为大豆-玉米带状复合种植中协同化控技术的应用提供理论支撑。【方法】以大豆-玉米带状间作系统为对象,采用二因素裂区试验设计,分别研究在2种喷药时期T1(大豆初花期)、T2(大豆分枝期和初花期)下,5种植... 详细信息

【目的】塑造大豆和玉米理想株型,为大豆-玉米带状复合种植中协同化控技术的应用提供理论支撑。【方法】以大豆-玉米带状间作系统为对象,采用二因素裂区试验设计,分别研究在2种喷药时期T1(大豆初花期)、T2(大豆分枝期和初花期)下,5种植物生长调节剂即PD(30%多效唑·甲哌鎓)、SD(30%烯效唑·甲哌鎓)、PP333(15%多效唑)、S3307(5%烯效唑)、DPC(25%甲哌鎓)对大豆和玉米农艺性状及产量的影响。【结果】农艺性状方面,与CK相比,T2中PD处理的大豆和玉米株高分别降低了34.30%、5.03%;PD处理的大豆茎粗和S3307处理的玉米茎粗分别增加了9.10%、3.97%;PD处理的大豆第1节间长度、平均节间长度、倒伏率分别降低了13.58%、34.91%、72.78%,分枝数增加了97.33%。叶片方面,T2中PD处理后大豆和玉米的叶面积指数分别降低了4.43%、2.13%;玉米叶片SPAD值提高了2.97%,而S3307处理的大豆叶片SPAD值提高21.80%。产量方面,T1中,PD、PP333处理的大豆有效株数、玉米单株穗粒数分别高于CK8.20%、2.56%,SD处理大豆增产22.10%;T2中,S3307、PD处理的大豆单株粒数和百粒重各提高了12.57%、7.97%,SD、PD处理的玉米千粒重、产量分别增加了6.22%、13.32%,PD处理系统产量最高,增产了14.50%。【结论】2种喷药时期下,5种植物生长调节剂均降低了两作物株高、大豆倒伏率并增加了产量,其中大豆分枝期和初花期各喷施1次30%多效唑·甲哌鎓能更好地降高控旺,增加系统产量。

关键词：植物生长调节剂大豆-玉米带状间作农艺性状叶片特性产量

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