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The Reactions of Sydnone Compounds

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有机化学 1993年第2期 189-191页

作者： TIEN Hsien-Ju HO Young-Shang Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, tainan, Taiwan 701 Nan-Jeon Junior College of Technology, Yen Shuyi, tainan, Taiwan 737

The duality in electronic effect of sydnone ring and the effect of delocalization of 4-substitutedgroup to sydnone ring are investigated by the nitration of 3-benzyl-4-phenylsydnone and 4-formyl-3-arylsydnones. Sydnon... 详细信息

关键词： sydnone mesoinic compounds reaction

Block copolymers as efficient cathode interlayer materials for organic solar cells

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 571-578页

作者： Dingqin Hu Jiehao Fu Shanshan Chen Jun Li Qianguang Yang Jie Gao Hua Tang Zhipeng Kan tainan Duan Shirong Lu Kuan Sun Zeyun Xiao Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS Chongqing)Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China MOE Key Laboratory of Low-Grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems School of Energy&Power EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Library&Information Center Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu 233030China

Emerging needs for the large-scale industrialization of organic solar cells require high performance cathode interlayers to facilitate the charge extraction from organic *** addition to improving the efficiency,stability and processability issues are major ***,we design block copolymers with well controlled chemical composition and molecular weight for cathode interlayer *** block copolymer coated cathodes display high optical transmittance and low work *** studies reveal that the block copolymer thin film has abundant conductive channels and excellent longitudinal electron conductivity due to the interpenetrating networks formed by the polymer *** of the cathode interlayers in organic solar cells provide higher power conversion efficiency and better stability compared to the most widelyapplied ZnO ***,no post-treatment is needed which enables excellent processability of the block copolymer based cathode interlayer.

关键词： organic solar cell block copolymer cathode interlayer

Prediction analysis of long-term memory effect for calamity gray series

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Science China Earth Sciences 2004年第3期47卷 209-220页

作者： CHEN Zhaonan (CHEN Chaonan)1 & LI Zongyang (LEE Tzongyeang)2 1. Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, tainan 70101, Taiwan, China 2. Department of Information Management, Leader University, No. 188, Sec 5, Au-Chung Road, tainan 70901, Taiwan, China Leader Univ Dept Informat Management Tainan 70901 Taiwan Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Earth Sci Tainan 70101 Taiwan

It is adequate to use the gray theory for modeling and forecasting short-term calamity series. The forecast of calamity gray series is equivalent to predicting an extraordinary event in nature. In order to look for the regularity, the calamity date series, created from the threshold for a fixed time-interval series, are studied. In this paper, the Hurst exponent is applied to defining the long-term memory effect of the simulated calamity series, and is tested for the feasibility of using it as pre-requisite information before the gray modeling and forecasting. Based on the fractional Brownian motion (fBm) model, the time series with a definite length or quantity of data are derived assuming that various kinds of memory effect exist. Different threshold values are defined to yield or to analogize the calamity date series that are required in the prediction of the gray calamity events. After case study, both of the simulated and real seismic data show that the Hurst exponents are greater than 0.5 and, therefore, indicate that the long-term memory ef-fect exists. The correlation between the Hurst exponent and the gray modeling parameter, a, provides criteria for the classification of the forecast.

关键词： gray theory, calamity series, Hurst exponent, long-term memory effect, fractional Brownian motion.

THREE-DIMENSIONAL NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF INTAKE MODEL WITH CROSS FLOW

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2011年第3期23卷 314-324页

作者： HSIAO Shih-Chun Department of Hydraulics and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University

The hydrodynamics of a pump sump consisting of a main channel, pump sump, and intake pipe is examined using Truchas a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver, with a Large Eddy Simulation （LES） turbulence model. The numerical results of streamwise velocity profiles and flow patterns are discussed and compared with experimental data of Ansar and Nakato. Fairly good agreement is obtained. Furthermore, unlike Ansar et al.＇s inviscid solution, the proposed numerical model includes the effect of fluid viscosity and considers more realistic simulation conditions. Simulation results show that viscosity affects the prediction of flow patterns and that the streamwise velocity can be better captured by including cross flow. The effects of the submergence Froude number on the free surface and streamwise velocity are also examined. The free surface significantly fluctuates at high submergence Froude number flows and the corresponding distribution of streamwise velocity profiles exhibits a trend different from that obtained for low submergence Froude number flows.

关键词： pump sump cross flow submergence Froude number Large Eddy Simulation (LES)

A Simple Eddy Viscosity Model of Rough Turbulent Wave Boundary Layer

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China Ocean Engineering 1996年第3期11卷 281-294页

作者： Hsu Tai-Wen and Lin Hwung-Yui Associate Professor, Department of Hydraulics and Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, tainan Graduate student, Department of Hydraulics and Ocean Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, tainan Dept. of Hydr. and Ocean Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

A one-layer time-invariant eddy viscosity model is specified to develop a mathematical model for describing the essential features of the turbulent wave boundary layer over a rough bed. The functional form of the eddy viscosity is evaluated based on computational results from a two-equation turbulence model in which the eddy viscosity varies with time and space. The present eddy viscosity model simplifies much of the mathematical complexity in many existing models. Predictions from the present model have been compared with a wide range of experimental data. It is found that the eddy viscosity model adopted in the present study is physically reasonable.

关键词： turbulent wave boundary layer eddy viscosity wave fiction factor

Delicate chemical structure regulation of nonfullerene acceptor for efficient and large thickness organic solar cells

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1596-1604页

作者： Zhe Zhang Wanying Feng Yunxin Zhang Shaohui Yuan Yuyang Bai Peiran Wang Zhaoyang Yao Chenxi Li tainan Duan Xiangjian Wan Bin Kan Yongsheng Chen State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterThe Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS Chongqing)Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400722China

Inspired by the success of CH-series acceptors, a small-molecular acceptor, CH-Tz was reported by adopting a new conjugationextended electron-deficient unit([1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine) on the central core. Owing to the enhanced inter-/intramolecular interactions, CH-Tz exhibited near-infrared absorption and an effective three-dimensional molecular packing network in its single crystal. When blended with polymer donor PM6, the binary device achieved a high power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 18.54%, with a notable short-circuit current density(J_(sc)) of 27.54 m A cm-2and an excellent fill factor(FF) over 80%,which can be partly ascribed to the balanced charge transport properties in the blend film. After employing D18-Cl as the third component, an enhanced PCE of 18.85% was achieved due to a more obvious fiber network. Impressively, the CH-Tz-based OSC devices show excellent thermal stability and thickness insensitivity. Record-breaking Jscof 28.92 m A cm-2was reached for PM6:D18-Cl:CH-Tz ternary device with a thickness of 560 nm. Besides, CH-Tz shows potential in fabricating multicomponent high-performance organic solar cells, where over 19% efficiency could be realized in the quaternary device. Our work advances the strong influence of electron-deficient central units on molecular photovoltaic properties and guides the design of acceptors for stable and large-thickness organic solar cells.

关键词： organic solar cells non-fullerene acceptor central unit large thickness molecular packing

Application of Thermolum inescence Techniques to Mineral Exploration—Principles and Advantages

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Journal of Earth Science 2000年第2期19卷 31-35页

作者： Chen Chi-Chieu Department of Earth Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, tainan, Taiwan

The phenomena of TL are connected with the defect structures of the atomic lattice of the material concerned, and hence are very sensitive to changes in defection of the country rocks status as induced by the mineralizing solution. In other words, the TL of the country rocks from the mineralized area should be quite different from that in the intact barren *** the high sensitivity as mentioned above, advantages of the application of TL techniques to the mineral exploration the easiness in accessing to proper samples, the easy preparation of samples and the quickness in sample processing all amount to convenience and economy of the techniques, indicating the high competitiveness of the TL mineral exploration method, especially during the development stage of mining operations.

关键词： application thermoluminescence mineral exploration advantages.

A case study of comparing two dimerized acceptor molecules built by different branch-connected and terminal-connected approaches

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1687-1696页

作者： Kangqiao Ma Huazhe Liang Yuxin Wang Tengfei He tainan Duan Xiaodong Si Wendi Shi Guankui Long Xiangjian Cao Zhaoyang Yao Xiangjian Wan Chenxi Li Bin Kan Yongsheng Chen State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Frontiers Science Center for New Organic MatterThe Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsInstitute of Polymer ChemistryRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Materials Science and Engineering National Institute for Advanced MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)Nankai UniversityTianjin 300350China Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chongqing SchoolUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS Chongqing)Chinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400015China

Dimerized small-molecule acceptors(SMAs) built by the conventional connection of terminal groups of monomers have contributed to exciting long-term stabilities of organic solar cells(OSCs). However, device efficiencies, especially fill factors(FFs), still need to be improved. This probably originates from unsymmetrical molecular structure/conformation-determined less compact/ordered molecular stackings, such as ineffective stackings of constraint terminals. Herein, an exotic dimerized SMA of BC-Th is established by bridging the branched groups(BC-type, branch coupling) of two monomers rather than conventional terminal units(TC-type, terminal coupling). Benefiting from the three-dimensional conformation and more uncurbed terminals,BC-Th exhibits multiple molecular orientations along with a larger dielectric constant and electron mobility compared with TCTh. Finally, an efficiency of 17.43% is achieved by BC-Th-based OSCs, along with the highest FF of 79.13% among all dimerized SMAs-based OSCs to date. When introducing L8-BO as the third component, overall enhanced efficiency of 18.05%and FF of 80.11% are further afforded. Contrarily, TC-Th-based OSCs exhibit much inferior PCE of 16.29% and FF of 74.81%,demonstrating the great advantages of “branch coupling” over “terminal coupling” when building dimerized SMAs.

关键词： organic solar cells dimerized acceptor molecules branch coupling morphology control stability

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Development of the procedure for the stabilization of rainwater samples

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1994年第1期6卷 29-41页

作者： Yuan Zhongxin Chung-Shin Yuan(Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung Univeroity, tainan.Taiwan)

This paper proposed a procedure of handling a remote rainwater sample to determinethe PH values of the samples immediately after collecting. Then the initial chemical composition inthe stored rainwater was estimated b... 详细信息

关键词： rainwater, regression model acid rain.