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Astrocyte in prion disease: a double-edged sword

Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1659-1665页

作者： waqas tahir Simrika Thapa Hermann M.Schatzl Department of Comparative Biology&Experimental Medicine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Calgary Prion Research Unit University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada

Prion diseases are infectious protein misfolding disorders of the central nervous system that result from misfolding of the cellular prion protein(PrPC)into the pathologic isoform *** hallmarks of prion disease are depositions of pathological prion protein PrPSc,neuronal loss,spongiform degeneration and astrogliosis in the *** diseases affect human and animals,there is no effective therapy,and they invariably remain *** a long time,neuronal loss was considered the sole reason for neurodegeneration in prion pathogenesis,and the contribution of non-neuronal cells like microglia and astrocytes was considered less *** evidence suggests that neurodegeneration during prion pathogenesis is a consequence of a complex interplay between neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the brain,but the exact role of these non-neuronal cells during prion pathology is still *** are non-neuronal cells that regulate brain homeostasis under physiological ***,astrocytes can deposit PrPSc aggregates and propagate prions in prion-infected ***,sub-populations of reactive astrocytes that include neurotrophic and neurotoxic species have been identified,differentially expressed in the brain during prion *** the exact role of astrocytes in prion disease is hampered by the lack of in vitro models of prion-infected ***,we established a murine astrocyte cell line persistently infected with mouse-adapted prions,and showed how such astrocytes differentially process various prion *** the complexity of the role of astrocytes in prion pathogenesis,we need more in vitro and in vivo models for exploring the contribution of sub-populations of reactive astrocytes,their differential regulation of signaling cascades,and the interaction with neurons and microglia during prion *** will help to establish novel in vivo models and define new therapeutic targets against prion

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease astrocytes central nervous system Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease glial cells neurodegeneration prion prion disease prion protein scrapie

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Interdigital MnO_(2)/PEDOT Alternating Stacked Microelectrodes for High-Performance On-Chip Microsupercapacitor and Humidity Sensing

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 257-267页

作者： Muhammad tahir Lihong Li Liang He Zhongyuan Xiang Zeyu Ma waqas Ali Haider Xiaoqiao Liao Yanlin Song Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research/Education Centre for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China A.S.Chemical Laboratories Inc. Concord L4K 4M4ON Canada

For microelectronic devices,the on-chip microsupercapacitors with facile construction and high performance,are attracting researchers'prior consideration due to their high compatibility with modern ***,we proposed interchanging interdigital Au-/MnO_(2)/polyethylene dioxythiophene stacked microsupercapacitor based on a microfabrication process followed by successive electrochemical *** stacked configuration of two pseudocapacitive active microelectrodes meritoriously leads to an enhanced contact area between MnO_(2)and the conductive and electroactive layer of polyethylene dioxythiophene,hence providing excellent electron transport and diffusion pathways of electrolyte ions,resulting in increased pseudocapacitance of MnO_(2)and polyethylene *** stacked quasi-solid-state microsupercapacitors delivered the maximum specific capacitance of 43 mF cm^(-2)(211.9 F cm^(-3)),an energy density of 3.8μWh cm^(-2)(at a voltage window of 0.8 V)and 5.1μWh cm^(-2)(at a voltage window of 1.0 V)with excellent rate capability(96.6%at 2 mA cm^(-2))and cycling performance of 85.3%retention of initial capacitance after 10000 consecutive cycles at a current density of 5 mA cm^(-2),higher than those of ever reported polyethylene dioxythiophene and MnO_(2)-based planar *** from the favorable morphology,bilayer microsupercapacitor is utilized as a flexible humidity sensor with a response/relaxation time superior to those of some commercially available integrated *** strategy will be of significance in developing high-performance on-chip integrated microsupercapacitors/microsensors at low cost and environment-friendly routes.

关键词： electrochemical polymerization microsensor microsupercapacitor stacked microelectrode

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Spatial Rainfall Variability and an Increasing Threat of Drought, According to Climate Change in Uttaradit Province, Thailand

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第3期10卷 357-371页

作者： Muhammad Farhan Ul Moazzam Byung Gul Lee Ghani Rahman tahir waqas Department of Civil Engineering College of Ocean Science Jeju National University Jeju South Korea Department of Geography University of Gujrat Gujrat Pakistan Department of Disaster Management Riphah International University Islamabad Pakistan

This study presents the work commenced in northern Thailand on spatial and temporal variability of rainfall. Thirty years (1988-2017) rainfall data of eight meteorological stations were used for assessing temporal variability and trend analysis. The results showed decreasing trend in rainfall from its first half of the observed study period (1988-2002) to last half of the time period (2003-2017) in total average annual as well as monsoonal average rainfall by 14.92% and 15.50% respectively. It was predicted from linear regression results that by 2030 the average annual and monsoonal rainfall will drop by 35% and 34.10% respectively. All stations showed negative trend except Fakara met-station in annual rainfall. In the seasonal trend analysis, the results showed decreasing trend almost in all met-stations. Mann-Kendall trend test was applied to assess the trend. All met-stations show significant negative trend. To assess drought in the study area, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was applied to 12-month temporal time period. The results predicted meteorological drought in the near future. The spatial distribution of rainfall presented changing phenomena in average annual, monsoonal, winter, and summer seasons in both analyzed periods.

关键词： Climate Change Temporal Variability Meteorological Drought Mann Kendall Test Standardized Precipitation Index

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Weathering and accumulation of trace elements in the soils of the Porali Plain, Balochistan: repercussions in agriculture

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 214-234页

作者： Maria Kaleem Erum Bashir Shahid Naseem tahir Rafique Bushra Shahab Department of Geology University of KarachiKarachi 75270Pakistan Applied Chemistry Research Centre PCSIR Laboratories ComplexKarachi 75280Pakistan

This study is theﬁrst attempt to assess the nature of the soil,especially on the western side of the Porali Plain in Balochistan;a new emerging agriculture hub,using weathering and pollution indices supplemented by multi-variate analysis based on geochemical *** outcomes of this study are expected to help farmers in soil manage-ment and selecting suitable crops for the ***-ﬁve soil samples were collected,mainly from the arable land of the Porali *** drying and coning-quarter-ing,soil samples were analyzed for major and trace ele-ments using the XRF technique;sieving and hydrometric methods were employed for granulometric ***-mated data were analyzed using Excel,SPSS,and Surfer software to calculate various indices,correlation matrix,and spatial *** granulometric analysis showed that 76%of the samples belonged to loam types of soil,12%to sand type,and 8%to silt *** indices:CIA,CIW,PIA,PWI,WIP,CIX,and ICV were calculated to infer the level of *** indices reﬂect mod-erate to intense weathering;supported by K_(2)O/AI_(2)O_(3),Rb/K_(2)O,Rb/Ti,and Rb/Sr *** of the geo-ac-cumulation and Nemerow Pollution indices pinpoint rela-tively high concentrations of Pb,Ni,and Cr concentration in the *** correlation matrix and Principal Compo-nent Analysis show that the soil in this study area is mainly derived from the weathering of igneous rocks of Bela Ophiolite(Cretaceous age)and Jurassic sedimentary rocks of Mor Range having SEDEX/MVT type *** may result in the undesirable accumulation of certain trace elements which adversely affects crops.

关键词： Weathering indices Pollution indices Accumulation Repercussions Trace elements Multivariate analyses Porali Plain Balochistan

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Re-analysis of temperature dependent neutron capture rates and stellar β-decay rates of 95-98Mo

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 146-153页

作者： Abdul Kabir Jameel-Un Nabi Muhammad tahir Abdul Muneem Zain Ul Abideen Space and Astrophysics Research lab National Centre of GIS and Space Applications Department of Space Science Institute of Space Technology University of Wah Faculty of Engineering Sciences GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

The neutron capture rates and temperature dependent stellar beta decay rates of Mo isotopes are investigated within the framework of the statistical code TALYS v1.96 and the proton neutron quasi particle random phase approximation（pn-QRPA） *** Maxwellian average cross-section（MACS） and neutron capture rates for the95-98Mo（n,γ）96-99Mo radiative capture process are analyzed within the framework of the statistical code TALYS v1.96 based on the phenomenological nuclear level density model and gamma strength *** present model-based computations for the MACS are comparable to the existing measured *** sensitivity of stellar weak interaction rates to various densities and temperatures is investigated within the framework of the pn-QRPA *** attention is paid to the impact of thermally filled excited states in the decaying nuclei(95-98Mo) on electron emission and positron capture ***,we compare the neutron capture rates and stellar beta decay *** is found that neutron capture rates are higher than stellar beta decay rates at both lower and higher temperatures.

关键词： capture rates cross-section decay rates nuclear level density TALYS

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First Record of Middle Eocene Elephant Ancestors’Footprints in the Gonjo Basin,East Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1224-1235页

作者： Asma tahir Huazhou Yao Junaid Khan Yangui Li He Zhao Yue Yu Tang Yuan Institute of Geological Survey China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China Wuhan Center China Geological SurveyWuhan430205China State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources Wuhan430078China Chengdu Center China Geological SurveyChengdu610081China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

It is the first time that the fossil footprints of a group of Middle Eocene elephant ancestors have been discovered in the Gonjo Basin,East Tibet *** Gonjo Formation is attributed to the Middle Eocene Epoch(U-Pb age=44.7±1.2 Ma)and consists mainly of purplish-red,medium-to coarse-grained sandstones,siltstones interbedded with mudstones,and conglomerates with sedimentary structures like ripple marks,rip-up clasts,and trough-cross bedding,suggesting fluvial-lacustrine *** group of fossil footprints has a characteristic oval-concave shape,and the toe impressions are *** fossil footprints are overstepped with a pockmarked texture resembling Proboscipeda *** than 165 fossil footprints of the group are relatively well-preserved with different diameters,which is evidence of highly social behavior and trackmakers of different ages,including calves,juveniles,adolescents,and *** size frequency of the fossil footprints enabled us to deduce the body mass,shoulder height,and hip-height distribution of the trackmakers that crossed the East Tibet Plateau 44.7 Ma *** trackmakers comprised an estimated average hip-height of 111.8 cm,an average shoulder height of 172.8 cm for males/155.9 cm for females,and an average body mass of approximately 1218.1 kg for males/907.8 kg for *** abundance of fossil footprints reveals that in the Middle Eocene Epoch,the environment was extraordinarily conducive for the elephant ancestors to live in the East Tibet region.

关键词： Proboscipeda enigmatica East Tibet Plateau Gonjo Formation fossil footprints fluvial-lacustrine

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Performance Analysis of ZF and RZF in Low-Resolution ADC/DAC Massive MIMO Systems

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China Communications 2024年第8期21卷 115-126页

作者： Talha Younas Shen Jin Muluneh Mekonnen Gao Mingliang Saqib Saleem Sohaib tahir Mahrukh Liaqat School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadSahiwal Campus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of EngineeringDhofar UniversitySalalah 211Oman Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Addis Ababa Science and Technology UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electrical and Mechanical EngineeringNUSTIslamabadPakistan

Large number of antennas and higher bandwidth usage in massive multiple-input-multipleoutput(MIMO)systems create immense burden on receiver in terms of higher power *** power consumption at the receiver radio frequency(RF)circuits can be significantly reduced by the application of analog-to-digital converter(ADC)of low *** this paper we investigate bandwidth efficiency(BE)of massive MIMO with perfect channel state information(CSI)by applying low resolution ADCs with Rician *** start our analysis by deriving the additive quantization noise model,which helps to understand the effects of ADC resolution on BE by keeping the power constraint at the receiver in *** also investigate deeply the effects of using higher bit rates and the number of BS antennas on bandwidth efficiency(BE)of the *** emphasize that good bandwidth efficiency can be achieved by even using low resolution ADC by using regularized zero-forcing(RZF)combining *** also provide a generic analysis of energy efficiency(EE)with different options of bits by calculating the energy efficiencies(EE)using the achievable *** emphasize that satisfactory BE can be achieved by even using low-resolution ADC/DAC in massive MIMO.

关键词： low-bit analog-digital converter massive(multiple-input-multiple-output)MIMO minimum mean square error(MMSE) regularized zero forcing zero forcing

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Advances in Zika virus vaccines and therapeutics:A systematic review

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 97-109页

作者： Shiza Malik Khalid Muhammad Omar Ahsan Muhammad tahir Khan Ranjit Sah Yasir Waheed Bridging Health Foundation Rawalpindi 46000Pakistan Department of Biology College of SciencesUAE University15551Al AinUnited Arab Emirates Department of Medicine Foundation University Medical CollegeFoundation University IslamabadIslamabad 44000Pakistan INTI International University Persiaran Perdana BBN Putra Nilai71800 NilaiNegeri SembilanMalaysia Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology the University of LahoreKM Defence RoadLahore 58810Pakistan Zhongjing Research and Industrialization Institute of Chinese Medicine Zhongguancun Scientific ParkNanyang 473006China Department of Microbiology Tribhuvan University Teaching HospitalInstitute of MedicineKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Microbiology Dr.D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeHospital and Research CentreDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Department of Public Health Dentistry Dr.D.Y.Patil Dental College and HospitalDr.D.Y.Patil VidyapeethPune 411018MaharashtraIndia Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine Lebanese American UniversityByblos 1401Lebanon

Zika virus(ZIKV)is the causative agent of a viral infection that causes neurological complications in newborns and adults *** wide transmission route and alarming spread rates are of great concern to the scientific *** trials have been conducted to develop treatment options for ZIKV *** review highlights the latest developments in the fields of vaccinology and pharmaceuticals developments for ZIKV infection.A systematic and comprehensive approach was used to gather relevant and up-to-date data so that inferences could be made about the gaps in therapeutic *** results indicate that several therapeutic interventions are being tested against ZIKV infection,such as DNA vaccines,subunit vaccines,live-attenuated vaccines,virus-vector-based vaccines,inactivated vaccines,virus-like particles,and mRNA-based *** addition,approved anti-ZIKV drugs that can reduce the global burden are *** many vaccine candidates for ZIKV are at different stages of development,none of them have received Food and Drug Authority approval for use up to *** issue of side effects associated with these drugs in vulnerable newborns and pregnant women is a major obstacle in the therapeutic pathway.

关键词： Zika virus Infection Therapeutics Antiviral agents Vaccines Therapies Treatment Novel therapeutic Clinical management

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Room Temperature Synthesis of Vertically Aligned Amorphous Ultrathin NiCo-LDH Nanosheets Bifunctional Flexible Supercapacitor Electrodes

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第2期7卷 277-286页

作者： Kwadwo Asare Owusu Zhaoyang Wang Ali Saad Felix Ofori Boakye Muhammad Asim Mushtaq Muhammad tahir Ghulam Yasin Dongqing Liu Zhengchun Peng Xingke Cai Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China College of Physics and Optoelectronics Shenzhen University3688 Nanhai BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518060China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hubei Engineering UniversityNo.272 Traffic AvenueXiaogan 432000China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyNo.122 Luoshi RoadWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Green Printing CAS Research Centre for Excellence in Molecular ScienceInstitute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences(ICCAS)Beijing 100190China College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Shenzhen University3688 Nanhai BoulevardNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518050China

Developing a simple scalable method to fabricate electrodes with high capacity and wide voltage range is desired for the real use of electrochemical ***,we synthesized amorphous NiCo-LDH nanosheets vertically aligned on activated carbon cloth substrate,which was in situ transformed from Co-metal-organic framework materials nano-columns by a simple ion exchange process at room *** to the amorphous and vertically aligned ultrathin structure of NiCo-LDH,the NiCo-LDH/activated carbon cloth composites present high areal capacities of 3770 and 1480 mF cm^(-2)as cathode and anode at 2 mA cm^(-2),and 79.5%and 80%capacity have been preserved at 50 mA cm^(-2).In the meantime,they all showed excellent cycling performance with negligible change after>10000 *** fabricating them into an asymmetric supercapacitor,the device achieves high energy densities(5.61 mWh cm^(-2)and 0.352 mW cm^(-3)).This work provides an innovative strategy for simplifying the design of supercapacitors as well as providing a new understanding of improving the rate capabilities/cycling stability of NiCo-LDH materials.

关键词： amorphous nanosheets aqueous supercapacitor high volumetric/areal energy density NiCo-LDH room temperature synthesis

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Source parameters and aftershock pattern of the October 7,2021,M5.9 Harnai earthquake,Pakistan

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Earthquake Science 2024年第4期37卷 304-323页

作者： Mohammad tahir Zeeshan Ahmad Sadia Sabahat Muhammad Naveed Mushtaq Talat Iqbal Muhammad Ali Shah Alam Aftab Centre for Earthquake Studies National Centre for PhysicsIslamabad 44000Pakistan

On October 7,2021,a magnitude 5.9 earthquake struck the Harnai(Baluchistan)region of Pakistan,causing several fatalities and injuries within the epicentral ***-order tectonic deformation in this region is caused by the convergence of the Indian Plate with respect to the Eurasian *** Katwaz Block hinders the motion of the Indian Plate,resulting in the formation of strike-slip *** this study,the P-wave first-motion polarity technique was used to determine the mainshock faulting *** scanning of the polarity solutions was applied to determine the most suitable focal mechanism solution among the available solutions generated by the FOCMEC(focal mechanism)*** nodal planes correspond to different faulting styles(i.e.,thrust and strike-slip faulting).A nodal plane oriented in the NW-SE direction corresponded to a strike-slip mechanism,which was considered to be the fault ***,this earthquake was associated with the Harnai-Karahi strike-slip fault zone owing to the fault strike and direction of *** apparent stress drop,fault length,and moment magnitude of the Harnai earthquake were 35.4 bar,6.1 km,and 5.9,respectively.A lower b-value for the Gutenberg-Richter law was observed prior to the ***α-than b-values(α>b)indicate that this earthquake was governed by large events as opposed to small-magnitude *** Harnai sequence had a decay exponent close to unity,lasted for 145 days,and produced few *** study will help the future hazard mitigation in the region.

关键词： focal mechanism solution selection of fault plane FPFIT stress inversion oblique slip mechanism

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