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Influence of mulching and tree shelters on 4-year survival and growth of zeen oak (Quercus canariensis) seedlings

Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 129-141页

作者： taher mechergui Marta Pardos Douglass F.Jacobs Facultédes Sciences de Bizerte Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales (Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka) Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA) Centro de Investigacion Forestal Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center Purdue University

We assessed the effect of mulching and tree shelters on the establishment and early growth of zeen oak(Quercus canariensis Willd.) during the first 4 years after planting in Northwestern Tunisia. Five mulch types(Italian Stone Pine(Pinus pinea L.), Lentisk(Pistacia lentiscus L.),and a combination of Italian Stone Pine and Lentisk(organic mulches), gravel(inorganic mulch) and control), and three tree shelter types(non-vented and vented tree shelters, and control) were tested. An increase in the number of internodes occurred under the gravel mulch, while a reduction in survival was found for the lentisk mulch. Tree shelters had no effect on survival, but increased mean height growth and reduced mean diameter growth during the 4 years(excepting a non-significant effect for vented tree shelter at year four). Comparison of the annual shoots and growth units(GU) between sheltered and unsheltered plants according to year of formation revealed two growth phases. In first phase, shoots were totally or partially inside the shelters; mean length of annual shoots and GU were greater for sheltered plants. The second phase was characterized by shoots emerging from shelters; mean length of annual shoots and GU were similar for all plants, with or without tree shelters. Results suggest that the use of tree shelters, particularly vented shelters, could contribute to the improvement of the artificial regeneration of zeen oak.The use of mulching alone or in combination with tree shelters did not improve zeen oak performance in the field.

关键词： Zeen oak Mulching Tree shelters Plantation Survival rate Growth

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Development of cork oak (Quercus suber L.) seedlings in response to tree shelters and mulching in northwestern Tunisia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 193-204页

作者： taher mechergui Marta Pardos Naceur Boussaidi Brahim Hasnaoui Douglass F. Jacobs Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte (FSB) Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA). Centro de Investigacion Forestal. Ctra. de La Coruňa Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue University

The need for reforestation in cork oak （Quercus suber L.） areas is challenged by difficulties. Principal among these is herbivory of young plants, vegetative competition, and slow growth rates of cork oak seedlings. We evaluated the early development of cork oak seedlings treated using tree shelters and mulching in northwestern Tunisia. We tested three tree shelter treatments （non-vented, vented, and control） to shield seedlings from animal damage and five mulch types to control competing vegetation （Italian Stone Pine, Lentisk, combination of Italian Stone Pine and Lentisk （organic mulches）, gravel （inorganic mulch） and no mulch）. At the end of the two-year experiment, sheltered seedlings were 89-99% taller than unshelteredseedlings and had higher numbers and lengths of shoot growth flushes. In contrast, both stem diameter growth and dry weight biomass （from samples extracted after two years） were significantly reduced inside tree shelters. Root-to-shoot ratio was not significantly different in sheltered vs. unsheltered seedlings, suggesting that tree shelters do not adversely affect this parameter. Mulching alone did not favour growth, but could be beneficial when combined with tree shelters. The combination of vented tree shelters and gravel mulch was the most effective treatment for promoting diameter, height and stem volume growth.

关键词： Quercus suber L. afforestation tree shelter mulching seedling growth polycyclism

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