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Study on the Effects of Mass and Stiffness Variations on Fundamental Periods of Structures

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2022年第10期16卷 488-496页

作者： Krist Grigorakis tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeUSA

Fundamental period is an important parameter in seismic design and performance assessment of buildings.Hence,comprehensive and detailed investigations of effectiveness as well as affectability of this parameter can result in the design of high-performing earthquake-resistant structures.On this basis,this research intends to evaluate the effects of variations of mass and stiffness on the fundamental periods of two three-and nine-story structures representing low-and high-rise buildings,respectively.To this end,a MATLAB code was developed and validated to determine the fundamental periods of structures with various mass and stiffness characteristics.Numerous case studies were performed to investigate the effects of mass and stiffness variations along the stories of the considered structural models.The objective of this research endeavor is to provide a better understanding of affectability of fundamental period under different design considerations.

关键词： Earthquake engineering fundamental period structures mass stiffness

Green Buildings:The Future of Sustainable Living

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2022年第4期16卷 195-199页

作者： Ao He Dylan Khalil Jose Luna Toledo Adam Julio Martinez Uziel Martinez Giovanni Morales tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeC.A.U.S.A.

The objective of this research project was fulfilled through creation of a contemporary home,that of which undeniably projects modernization due to key LEED(leadership in energy and environmental design)features.Design of this project was carefully supervised by the civil engineering department at California State University,Northridge.The design incorporates a 3-story single-family home with a steel infrastructure.These design properties had a positive impact in LEED specific adjustments which assisted with the overall increase in sustainability.The six civil engineering senior students were able to successfully create a cost analysis and compare the benefits of a LEED incorporated design as opposed to a standard residential home.The difference between the two is evident as the highly sustainable building resulted in a 7.6%increase in overall cost.However,as the savings in energy progress over a 9-year period,the home will inevitably reduce the overall cost to the owner.This research project aided in allowing this diverse team of students to be exposed to real life scenarios,with incorporation of their knowledge acquired from the past 4 years.The diversity and teamwork of this group allowed for equal opportunities of innovation and leadership.Skills such as proper communication and critical thinking will significantly impact them as they progress in their careers as civil engineers.

关键词： LEED green building sustainability energy savings diversity

On the Lateral Behavior of the Backfill of a Skew Abutment

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2018年第1期12卷 22-38页

作者： Ali Nojoumi tadeh zirakian Department of Mechanical Engineering Loyola Marymount University Los Angeles CA 90045 USA Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State University Northridge CA 91330 USA

Undergraduate Design and Analysis of a LEED Certified Building

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2022年第5期16卷 227-234页

作者： Lance Narcida Madison O’Dell Mynor Pacheco Carlos Perla Victor Ramirez Damian Sanchez Jillian Shoemaker Louisa Songco tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeCAU.S.A.

In this technical and educational research endeavor, a diverse group of civil engineering students took on the role of creating the means and methods of producing a successful building design. Architectural, structural, and environmental designs were primarily performed. This was followed by detailed cost analysis with the intent of providing a realistic cost comparison by pricing the intended building, using traditional material and typical building methods, versus pricing the building using recycled material and new present-day technology. Some green features needed to achieve a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) gold certification were considered and applied. It is shown that producing a green building is more costly in present circumstances;however, the additional cost due to greenification pays itself off throughout the years giving in return saving features. Even though the design of a green building comes with detailed planning and costly material, it does generate benefits for the building owner, the society, and most importantly the environment.

关键词： Structural design LEED certification green building design cost analysis engineering education

On the Application of IPRA Tool in Risk Assessment and Management of International Construction Projects

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第2期11卷 135-140页

作者： Shadab Alipour tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State University Northridge CA 91330-8347 USA

Numerical Study on the Serviceability Performance of Unstiffened and Stiffened Steel Plates

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第9期13卷 553-561页

作者： Farhad Riahi tadeh zirakian Bijan Sanaati Samrand Mohammad Karimi Dept.of Civil Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityMahabad BranchMahabad 591393-3137Iran Dept.of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeCA 91330USA Dept.of Civil Engineering Islamic Azad UniversityBoukan BranchBoukan 7356716-33986Iran

In this paper,the effects of transverse stiffeners for improving the buckling and post-buckling behaviors of thin steel plates under compressive loading have been investigated through consideration of two parameters,i.***.stiffeners number and height.Moreover,the deformations associated with the buckling stability of unstiffened and stiffened plates have been evaluated through detailed comparison.Numerous numerical models have been developed using ABAQUS and the buckling behavior has been studied through performing nonlinear static analyses.Plate’s largest deformation has been considered for comparison purposes which may not be necessarily located in the center of the plate surface.The use of stiffeners by and large increases the load-bearing capacity of the plates;however,it is shown that lack of proper detailing of stiffened plates may unfavorably result in the reduction of the load-bearing capacity and,in general,adversely affect the stability performance of such commonly-used slender members.

关键词： Plate stiffener buckling post-buckling numerical simulation

SEE Laboratory： Single-Story, Single-Bay Portal Frame

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2017年第5期11卷 442-447页

作者： Jessica Opinion Veronica Rico Melissa Guardado David Boyajian tadeh zirakian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State University Northridge CA 91330-8347 USA

Analysis of a Hydraulic Pipe System with Major and Minor Pressure Losses

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第3期13卷 209-217页

作者： Mohammad Alesmaeel Ali Alfarsi Safaa Almusa Emilio Diaz Souren Grigoryan Joao Queda tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeCA 91330USA

Bernoulli’s principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid is directly related to the decrease in the fluid’s potential energy. Many engineers refer to Bernoulli’s equations to calculate the pressure of a system. The objective of this undergraduate research endeavor is to illustrate the accuracy of his theory and apply it to one of the most common fluid systems in residential homes, a pump pipe system. The research team consisted of a diverse body of undergraduate students with different educational and cultural backgrounds. Completing this objective further improved every member’s problem solving, communication skills, self-confidence, ability to rationalize and transcribe physical phenomena as well visually express them to rest of the engineering community. The findings of this research showed a relationship between various parameters such as, pipe length, pipe roughness, diameter, and specific gravity of the liquid.

关键词： Bernoulli's equation pipe flow hydraulics educational model engineering creativity

Discharge Coefficient Measurements Using Heron's Fountain

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第3期13卷 195-203页

作者： Gevo Abcarian Zainab Algharib Omran Hussain Ana Martin Abraham Villa Francisco Villalobos tadeh zirakian David Boyajian Department of Civil Engineering and Construction Management California State UniversityNorthridgeCA 91330USA

Civil Engineering design students at CSUN (California State University, Northridge), aimed to demonstrate the pneumatic action of liquid water as it flows through an airtight one-way vessel system which is known as Heron’s Fountain. This project explores hydraulic and pneumatics principles commonly found in environment control systems, such as the non-isothermal heating facilities located on the CSUN campus. Since this was a simply constructed version of an ancient Greek fountain, its development required the collaboration of the team to execute its simple function. The parameters involved were diameter, length, height, and density. This analysis utilizes Pascal and Bernoulli’s equations to reinforce the principles of fluid mechanics. The fountain action is described based on flow rate and head loss is described by Darcy’s equation. Friction loss with an angled fitting attached to the fountain head is described by Reynold’s equation. The experiment observed the performances of two types of reentrant tube fittings for head loss: straight and angled. The experiment enhanced the educational experience of the research team by bringing together creative ideas from different educational and cultural backgrounds. The results of the experiment concluded with a 0.58% error for the straight fitting and 5.3% error for an angled fitting.

关键词： Heron's Fountain hydraulic principles air pressure pneumatics friction factor engineering education