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The Integrated Approac. to Seismic.Attributes of Lithologic.l c.arac.erization of Reservoirs: c.se of the F3 Bloc., North Sea-Dutc. Sec.or

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Open Journal of Earthquake Researc. 2020年第3期9卷 273-288页

作者： Oumarou Sanda Djeddi Mabrouk tabod c. tabod Jean Marc.l Jean M. Abate Essi Simon Ngos III National Institute of c.rtography Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Geophysic. Faculty of Hydrocarbons and Chimistry M’Hamed Bougara University of Boumerdès Boumerdès Algeria Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Ore Proc.ssing Laboratory Institute for Geological and Mining Research Nlongkak Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Exploration Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Industries University of Maroua Kaélé Cameroon

Tec.nologic.l development, partic.larly the development of signal proc.ssing, has c.ntributed to the improvement of the quality of results in the analysis of the c.arac.eristic. of hydroc.rbon reservoirs. This sc.entific.advanc. is espec.ally marked by the introduc.ion of seismic.attributes in the c.arac.erization of reservoirs. This paper is aimed at evaluating the c.ntribution of seismic.attributes in the lithologic.l c.arac.erization of hydroc.rbon ac.umulation zones. Thus, it has been found that instantaneous attributes make it possible to highlight the different properties of reservoir roc.s. Tec.niques for extrac.ing three-dimensional volume attributes have been applied to a 3D seismic.data volume of the F3 bloc. in the Dutc. sec.or of the North Sea. The purpose of using these volume attributes is to extrac. signal c.arac.eristic. from lithofac.es in hydroc.rbon zones. The results provide a remarkable c.ntribution to instantaneous seismic.attributes in reservoir loc.tion, hydroc.rbon detec.ion, and reservoir lithologic.l predic.ion. The instantaneous amplitude, the derivative of amplitude 1, the fac.or Q, the energy and the Hilbert transform are attributes whic. highlight the presenc. of hydroc.rbons through the bright spots. Thus, c.rvature, similarity, dip, and c.herenc. are useful in the determination of traps suc. as faults and antic.ines. The c.ossing of the instantaneous amplitude and the instantaneous frequenc. makes it possible to analyze the lithofac.es. In the same way, the analysis of the c.ossed diagrams between the porosity and the instantaneous amplitude made it possible to define the different layers of the reservoir.

关键词： Seismic Seismic Attributes c.arac.erization Lithology Reservoir

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Estimation of c.rie Point Depth (c.D) ac.oss the Pan Afric.n Belt in Northern c.meroon from Aeromagnetic.Data

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Open Journal of Earthquake Researc. 2020年第3期9卷 217-239页

作者： Jean Daniel Ngoh Théophile Ndougsa Mbarga Kevin Mic.us Yara Tarek tabod c.arles tabod Postgraduate Sc.ool of Sc.enc. Technology and Geosciences University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physic. Advanced Teachers’ Training College University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Geography Geology and Planning Missouri State University Springfıeld MO USA Exploration Department Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo Egypt Fac.lty of Sc.enc. University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

The depth to the c.rie isothermal point (c.D) was estimated using aeromagnetic.data from northern c.meroon. The c.D was estimated using a two-dimensional power density spec.ral analysis of nineteen 30 × 30 km bloc.s over a series of Neoproterozoic.lithologies assoc.ated with the Pan Afric.n orogeny. The results show that there are two main regions c.arac.erized by the c.D analysis: 1) Shallow depths (~6.37 - 10.09 km) whic. are loc.ted in several regions inc.uding the northern portions of the study area (toward the regions of Hina Marbak, Gawel and northern Moutouroua), the southeast (Kaele region), the south (Guider) and the southwest (Mayo Oulo), and 2) deeper depths (~10.68 - 13.72 km) are loc.ted in the northeast (Mindif) and southwest (southern Moutouroua, Guider and Bossoum). The shallow depths c.n be related to two tec.onic.regimes: 1) the West-c.ntral Afric.n Rift System with northeast-trending strike-slip faults emanating from the Gulf of Guinea and 2) the c.meroon Volc.nic.Line. However, the ultimate sourc. of these shallow regions is interpreted to be related to the c.meroon Volc.nic.Line based on low seismic.veloc.ties imaged by rec.nt broadband seismic.studies whic. are c.nc.ntrated along the northeast-trending strike-slip faults. An additional finding using the c.D depths, a c.rie isothermal temperature of 580°c.and a one-dimensional heat flow model, was heat-flow values ranging from 105.68 to 227.63 mW/m2, whic. are above average global heat flow values and are therefore indic.tive of potential geothermal resourc.s.

关键词： Magnetic Anomaly Spec.ral Analysis c.rie Point Depth Geothermal Gradi-ent Heat Flow

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Subsurfac. Struc.ural Mapping Using c.mbined Terrestrial and Grac. Gravity Data of the Adamawa Plateau (North-c.meroon)

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International Journal of Geosc.enc.s 2017年第7期8卷 869-887页

作者： Bouba Apollinaire Kamguia Joseph tabod c.arles tabod Yap Loudi Nouayou Robert Kande Houetc.ak Ludovic.Oyoa Valentin Department of Physic. Higher Teachers’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon National Institute of c.rtography Yaounde Cameroon

In order to analyze and determine the geologic.l struc.ures of the Adamawa plateau, the terrestrial gravity data were c.mbined to data c.mputed from GGM02c.gravity model. The dense gravity net obtained were further introduc.d into qualitative and quantitative interpretations. The resulting Bouguer anomaly map obtained from c.mbined data shows NE-SW direc.ion whic. nearly c.inc.des with the main direc.ion of the frac.ures affec.ing the basement in the region and indic.tes strong gradients marking the presenc. of disc.ntinuities between heavy and negative gravity anomaly. In order to c.nduc. the quantitative interpretation of the c.mbined gravity data, three profiles were drawn on the residual Bouguer anomaly map and therefore were interpreted using spec.ral analysis method and 3D density inversion. The knowledge of the depth and density of the geologic.l struc.ures show an uplift of dense roc.s under the granite-gneiss substratum. This dense material found in the ENE-WSW direc.ion of the Adamawa Plateau is interpreted as basaltic.intrusion probably resulting from tec.onic.proc.sses. Ac.ording to this study, the depths of 3.83 km and 9.62 km are the new values of depths obtained for futures investigations in the Adamawa plateau.

关键词： GGM02c Adamawa Plateau Bouguer Anomaly 3D Density Model Spec.ral Analysis

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Gravity Model for an Anomalous Body Loc.ted in the NW Portion of the Douala Sedimentary Sub-Basin, c.meroon (c.ntral Afric.)

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Open Journal of Geology 2014年第10期4卷 524-541页

作者： Eric.N. Ndikum c.arles T. tabod Bernard Z. Essimbi Fidèle Koumetio Noutc.ogwe c. Tatc.um Department of Physic. University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sc.enc.s Higher Technical Teacher Training College (HTTTC) Bambili The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Physic. Higher Teacher Training College (HTTC) Bambili The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Gravity studies have been c.rried out in the Douala sub-basin whic. is a sedimentary basin loc.ted both onshore and offshore on the South c.ast of c.meroon between latitudes 3°03'N and 4°06'N and longitudes 9°00' and 10°00'E, c.vering a total surfac. area of 12,805 km2. On its onshore portion, the Douala sub-basin has a trapezoic.shape and c.vers a total surfac. area of about 6955 km2 while the offshore part c.vers an area of about 5850 km2. Gravity data used in this study are c.nstituted of 912 gravity data points loc.ted between longitudes 8°10.2' to 10°59.4'E and latitudes 2°30.6' to 4°59.4'N and the study area is loc.ted to the NW sec.ion of the onshore portion of the Douala sub-basin. This study area is c.arac.erised by c.nsiderably high positive anomalies attaining peak values of about 104.1 mGals at longitude 9°9.9' and latitude 4°1.1' with c.ntour lines whic. are mostly oriented in the NNE direc.ion. Residual anomalies were extrac.ed by upward c.ntinuation of the Bouguer anomaly field at an optimum height of 30 km. This residual field and those obtained by the separation of polynomial of order 4 had a very high c.rrelation c.effic.ent fac.or of 0.979. The multi-sc.le horizontal derivative of the vertic.l derivative (MSHDVD) method was applied on the extrac.ed residual anomalies for the delimitation of possible c.ntac.s in the sourc. while the amplitude spec.rum was used to estimate the depth to the top of the potential field sourc.. The MSHDVD method did not delimite any c.ear c.t c.ntac.s in the sourc. but the amplitude spec.rum estimated the potential field sourc. at a depth of about 4.8 km. The ideal body theory was used to determine the density c.ntrast along a 65 km NW-SE profile yielding a value of 0.266 g/c.3. 2.5D modelling aimed at bringing out the underlying struc.ural layout of this study area presents a sourc. body whic. is very probably an intrusive igneous bloc. surrounded by sedimentary formations and having a density of 2.77 g/c.3 at a depth

关键词： Douala Sub-Basin Sedimentary Basin Bouguer Anomaly Residual Field Upward c.ntinuation 2.5D Model Intrusive Igneous Bloc.

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Evidenc. of Some Major Struc.ures Underlying the Douala Sedimentary Sub-Basin: West Afric.n c.astal Basin

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Journal of Geosc.enc. and Environment Protec.ion 2017年第7期5卷 161-172页

作者： Eric.N. Ndikum c.arles T. tabod F. Koumetio Noutc.ogwe c. Tatc.um Kenfac. J. Vic.or Department of Physic. University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sc.enc.s Higher Technical Teacher Training College (HTTTC) Bambili The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Physic. HTTC Bambili The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Earth Sc.enc. Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

Gravity data have been proc.ssed in the Douala sedimentary sub-basin in a sec.ion c.nsisting of a set of 116 gravity data points loc.ted between latitudes 3°03'N and 4°06'N and longitudes 9°00'E and 10°00'E. The established Bouguer anomaly fields and the Residual anomaly fields, extrac.ed by upward c.ntinuation at an optimum height of 30 km, were both c.arac.erized by c.nsiderably high positive anomalies. These anomalies showed many ring-like positive gravity anomaly c.ntour lines in the study region. Gravity gradients were analysed using the multi-sc.le horizontal derivative of the vertic.l derivative (MSHDVD) method, and this exc.uded the existenc. of fault lines ac.oss this region. Amplitude spec.rum was used to estimate the potential field sourc. at a depth of about 4.8 km. The ideal body theory c.pable of handling sparse data c.ntaminated with noise was applied along a 50.2 km WWS-EEN profile to determine a density c.ntrast of 0.266 g/c.3. Using these results as c.nstraints, 2.5 D modelling c.rried out along this profile presented two major bloc.s with density c.ntrast of 0.266 g/c.3. The first bloc. is probably an intrusive igneous body with a density of about 2.77 g/c.3 , having an average thic.ness of about 26 km with its top and base lying at depths of about 4.25 km and 30.25 km respec.ively. The sec.nd bloc. is likely a pillar of igneous material, loc.ted at a depth of about 10.77 km with a density of about 2.77 g/c.3 whose base goes deep down beyond the c.ust-mantle boundary. These results support previous findings that there are similarities between the Douala sedimentary sub-basin and the c.astal sedimentary basin of Mauritania-Senegal and thus foster the suggestions of a more extensive movement that would have affec.ed the whole of the West Afric.n c.ast.

关键词： Douala Sedimentary Sub-Basin Bouguer Anomaly Residual Field 2.5D Model Igneous Bloc.

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Struc.ure of the c.ust Beneath the South Western c.meroon, from Gravity Data Analysis

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International Journal of Geosc.enc.s 2016年第8期7卷 991-1008页

作者： Marc.l Jean E. J. M. Abate P. Njandjoc. Nouc. H. E. Ngatc.ou V. Oyoa c. T. tabod E. Manguelle-Dic.um Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon National Institute of c.rtography Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaounde Cameroon Geologic.l and Mining Researc. Institute Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaounde Cameroon Department of Earth Sc.enc. Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Physic. Advance Teacher’s Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Physic. Faculty of Science University of Bamenda Bambili Cameroon

The study area is loc.ted in the south western c.meroon and inc.udes part of the c.meroon Volc.nic.Line (c.L). Volc.nic.ac.ivity has been rec.rded in this area, prec.sely on the Mount c.meroon whic. rec.ntly erupted in 2002. In addition, deadly c.rbonic.gas was emitted by c.ater lakes (Monoun and Nyos) in 1984 and 1986 respec.ively. Potential field model EGM2008 has been used to investigate the struc.ure of the c.ust. A regional/residual separation is performed using upward c.ntinuation and polynomial separation methods. The results from this operation show a similarity between the regional anomalies resulting from both methods. The regional anomaly maps present an inc.easing gradient trending ENE-WSW above and below latitude 5?N. Moreover, six nearly parallel profiles were drawn on the c.L in addition to two other profiles at the northern edge of c.ngo c.aton. These profiles were used to estimate the depths of the Moho disc.ntinuity and some shallow sourc.s by the means of the Bouguer and the residual anomalies respec.ively. The results show that the Moho disc.ntinuity depths vary from 19 - 25 km (under Mount c.meroon) to 28 - 34 km (in Kumbo), while the southern neighbouring zone presents a Moho disc.ntinuity depth ranging between 23 - 31 km (in Ngambe) and 22 - 32 km (in Eseka). These findings agree with the previous seismic.and gravity researc.es lead in the area. EGM2008 is therefore a reliable tool to investigate the subsurfac. struc.ures.

关键词： South Western c.meroon EGM2008 Bouguer Anomaly Spec.ral Analysis Moho Disc.ntinuity

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