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Memristive Artificial Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing

Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第5期13卷 218-245页

作者： Wen Huang Xuwen Xia Chen Zhu parker Steichen Weidong Quan Weiwei Mao Jianping Yang Liang Chu Xing’ao Li New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory of Jiangsu Province and School of Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Institute of Advanced Materials Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NUPT)9 Wenyuan RoadNanjing 210023People’s Republic of China College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Microelectronics Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NJUPT)Nanjing 210023People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195‑2120USA

Neuromorphic computing simulates the operation of biological brain function for information processing and can potentially solve the bottleneck of the von Neumann *** computing is realized based on memristive hardware neural networks in which synaptic devices that mimic biological synapses of the brain are the primary *** synaptic functions with these devices is critical in neuromorphic *** the last decade,electrical and optical signals have been incorporated into the synaptic devices and promoted the simulation of various synaptic *** this review,these devices are discussed by categorizing them into electrically stimulated,optically stimulated,and photoelectric synergetic synaptic devices based on stimulation of electrical and optical *** working mechanisms of the devices are analyzed in *** is followed by a discussion of the progress in mimicking synaptic *** addition,existing application scenarios of various synaptic devices are ***,the performances and future development of the synaptic devices that could be significant for building efficient neuromorphic systems are prospected.

关键词： Synaptic devices Neuromorphic computing Electrical pulses Optical pulses Photoelectric synergetic effects

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Application of the Population Health Approach to Drinking Water System Surveillance

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环境与职业医学 2007年第1期24卷 117-119页

作者： Deborah Kelly Barnard Esther parker Ann Thomas Population Health Epidemiologist Population Health Surveillance Unit

A drinking water supply is a complicated system in its construction,operation,maintenance and need for public health surveillance.

关键词： drinking water surveillance british columbia canada

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Differences in Soil Microbial Biomass and Activity for Six Agroecosystems with a Management Disturbance Gradient

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Pedosphere 2004年第4期14卷 441-448页

作者： ZHANGWei-Jian FENGJin-Xia J.WU K.parker DepartmentofAgronomy NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095（China）. DepartmentofPlantPathology NorthCarolinaStateUniversityRaleighNC27695（USA）

Different management practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were conducted including a successional field (SU), a plantation woodlot (WO), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), an organic farming system (OR), and two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT) to examine if and how microbial biomass and activity differ in response to alterations in disturbance intensity from six land management strategies. Results showed that soil microbial biomass and activity differed, with microbial activity in intermediately disturbed ecosystems (NT, OR, IN) being significantly higher (P ＜ 0.01) than systems with either high or low disturbance intensities. There was also a significant and a highly significant ecosystem effect from the treatments on microbial biomass C (MBC) (P ＜ 0.05) and on microbial activity (respiration) (P ＜ 0.01), respectively. Multiple comparisons of mean respiration rates distinctly separated the six ecosystem types into three groups: CT ＜ NT, SU and WO ＜ OR and ***, for detecting microbial response to disturbance changes these results indicated that the active component of the soil microbial community was a better indicator than total biomass.

关键词：农业系统碳保持力干扰强度单位面积微生物数量土壤微生物活性

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Evaluating the regulation of transporter proteins and P-glycoprotein in rats with cholestasis and its implication for digoxin clearance

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2022年第3期13卷 73-84页

作者： parker Giroux Patrick B Kyle Chalet Tan Joseph D Edwards Michael J Nowicki Hua Liu Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of PediatricsUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Pathology University of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMS 39216United States Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery University of MississippiOxfordMS 38677United States

BACKGROUND Cardiac and hepatic functionality are intertwined in a multifaceted *** processes involving one may affect the other through a variety of mechanisms,including hemodynamic and membrane transport *** To better understand the effect of extrahepatic cholestasis on regulations of membrane transporters involving digoxin and its implication for digoxin *** Twelve adult rats were included in this study;baseline hepatic and renal laboratory values and digoxin pharmacokinetic(PK)studies were established before evenly dividing them into two groups to undergo bile duct ligation(BDL)or a sham *** 7 d repeat digoxin PK studies were completed and tissue samples were taken to determine the expressions of cell membrane transport proteins by quantitative western blot and real-time polymerase chain *** were analyzed using SigmaStat *** between pre-surgery and post-surgery in the same experimental group were compared by paired t-test,while independent t-test was employed to compare the means between sham and BDL *** Digoxin clearance was decreased and liver function,but not renal function,was impaired in BDL *** resulted in significant up-regulation of multidrug resistance 1 expression in the liver and kidney and its down-regulation in the small *** anion transporting polypeptides(OATP)1A4 was up-regulated in the liver but down-regulated in intestine after ***4C1 expression was markedly increased in the kidney following *** The results suggest that cell membrane transporters of digoxin are regulated during extrahepatic *** regulations are favorable for increasing digoxin excretion in the kidney and decreasing its absorption from the intestine to compensate for reduced digoxin clearance due to cholestasis.

关键词： Cholestasis Digoxin clearance Organic anion transporting polypeptides P-glycoproteins/multidrug resistance 1 Bile duct ligation

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Machine learning predictions of irradiation embrittlement in reactor pressure vessel steels

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 795-805页

作者： Yu-chen Liu Henry Wu Tam Mayeshiba Benjamin Afflerbach Ryan Jacobs Josh Perry Jerit George Josh Cordell Jinyu Xia Hao Yuan Aren Lorenson Haotian Wu Matthew parker Fenil Doshi Alexander Politowicz Linda Xiao Dane Morgan Peter Wells Nathan Almirall Takuya Yamamoto G.Robert Odette Materials Science and Engineering Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI53706USA Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials(Hi-GEM)Research Center National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan70101TaiwanCHINA Materials Science and Engineering Department National Cheng Kung UniversityTainan70101TaiwanCHINA Mechanical Engineering Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA

Irradiation increases the yield stress and embrittles light water reactor(LWR)pressure vessel *** this study,we demonstrate some of the potential benefits and risks of using machine learning models to predict irradiation hardening extrapolated to low flux,high fluence,extended life *** machine learning training data included the Irradiation Variable for lower flux irradiations up to an intermediate fluence,plus the Belgian Reactor 2 and Advanced Test Reactor 1 for very high flux irradiations,up to very high ***,the machine learning model predictions for the high fluence,intermediate flux Advanced Test Reactor 2 irradiations are superior to extrapolations of existing hardening *** successful extrapolations showed that machine learning models are capable of capturing key intermediate flux effects at high *** approaches,applied to expanded databases,could be used to predict hardening in LWRs under life-extension conditions.

关键词： life irradiation expanded

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Assessment of the uncertainties in temperature change in China during the last century

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第19期55卷 1974-1982页

作者： LI QingXiang DONG WenJie LI Wei GAO XiaoRong JONES P KENNEDY J parker D National Meteorological Information Center Beijing 100081 China Beijing Normal University Laboratory of Surface Process and Resources Economies Beijing 100875 China National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081 China Climatic Research Unit School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich NR4 7TJ UK Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter EX1 3PB UK

We have used the China Homogenized Historic Temperature dataset and some long-term station series of the neighbor countries from CRUTEM3,a 5°×5° gridded dataset of monthly mean temperature since 1900,to provide a 107-year record of surface temperature trends and *** derived a comprehensive set of uncertainty estimates to accompany the data:measurement and sampling errors,uncertainties in temperature bias estimates,and uncertainties arising from limited observational coverage on large-scale averages have all been *** reanalysed the temperature changes during the period of *** best estimates of trends for 1900-2006 with uncertainties at 95% confidence range are about 0.09±0.017°C/decade for the year as a whole,and 0.14±0.021°C/decade,0.11±0.021°C/decade,0.04±0.017°C/decade,and 0.07±0.017°C/decade for winter,spring,summer and autumn *** 1954-2006,the trends for annual,winter,spring,summer and autumn are:0.26±0.032°C/decade,0.35±0.046°C/decade,0.25±0.051°C/decade,0.16±0.037°C/decade and 0.22±0.055°C/*** saw the most significant warming trend in both 1900-2006 and 1954-2006,while during the most recent period(the satellite era,1979-2006),all the seasons show similar warming trends:0.45±0.13°C/decade,0.51±0.11°C/decade,0.52±0.16°C/decade,0.37±0.10°C/decade and 0.50±0.16°C/decade for annual,winter,spring,summer and *** arising from urbanization have been evaluated as less than 5% of the total warming trend for 1951-2001,so this bias was not removed.

关键词：不确定性温度变化中国历史评估变暖趋势偏差估计月平均温度抽样误差

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Lumped Parameter Outflow Models for 1-D Blood Flow Simulations:Effect on Pulse Waves and Parameter Estimation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2008年第7期4卷 317-336页

作者： J.Alastruey K.H.parker J.Peiro S.J.Sherwin Department of Aeronautics Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZU.K Department of Bioengineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZU.K.

Several lumped parameter,or zero-dimensional(0-D),models of the microcirculation are coupled in the time domain to the nonlinear,one-dimensional(1-D)equations of blood flow in large arteries.A linear analysis of the coupled system,together with in vivo observations,shows that:(i)an inflow resistance that matches the characteristic impedance of the terminal arteries is required to avoid non-physiological wave reflections;(ii)periodic mean pressures and flow distributions in large arteries depend on arterial and peripheral resistances,but not on the compliances and inertias of the system,which only affect instantaneous pressure and flow waveforms;(iii)peripheral inertias have a minor effect on pulse waveforms under normal conditions;and(iv)the time constant of the diastolic pressure decay is the same in any 1-D model artery,if viscous dissipation can be neglected in these arteries,and it depends on all the peripheral compliances and resistances of the *** this analysis,we propose an algorithm to accurately estimate peripheral resistances and compliances from in vivo *** algorithm is verified against numerical data simulated using a 1-D model network of the 55 largest human arteries,in which the parameters of the peripheral windkessel outflow models are known a *** and flow waveforms in the aorta and the first generation of bifurcations are reproduced with relative root-mean-square errors smaller than 3%.

关键词： Pulse wave propagation one-dimensional modelling lumped parameter outflow models time-domain coupling arterial compliance peripheral compliance peripheral resistance multiscale modelling.

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The Last Tea

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英语学习 1995年第7期 9-14页

作者： Dorothy parker ■■

The young man in the chocolate-brown suit sat down at thetable, where the girl with the artificial camellia had been sittingfor forty minutes. 'Guess I must be late,' he said. 'Sorry you been waiting.' 'Oh, goodness!' she said. 'I just got here myself, just abouta second ago. I simply went ahead and ordered because I was dy-ing for a cup of tea. I was late, myself. I haven't been here morethan a minute.'

关键词： The Last Tea 山茶花

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Islamophobia Abroad and Anti-Catholicism at home： The Making of the English Nation

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History Research 2012年第7期2卷 461-466页

作者： Kenneth parker University of London University of East London London UK

One major feature of printing and publishing in England in the 16th and 17th centuries and repeated in subsequent centuries was that of travel tales to foreign spaces where Protestant males not only met believers in Islam but also encountered other Europeans (mostly Catholics) in those foreign spaces. This paper will attempt to show those travellers" tales written by Englishmen of the early modern period as well as subsequently were not only based upon Protestant foundations but also contributed to the making of the nation.

关键词：伊斯兰教天主教国外英语制作恐惧空间旅行欧洲国家

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The role of seaweed as a potential dietary supplementation for enteric methane mitigation in ruminants: Challenges and opportunities

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1371-1387页

作者： Byeng R.Min David parker David Brauer Heidi Waldrip Catherine Lockard Kristin Hales Alexia Akbay Simona Augyte College of Agriculture Environment and Nutrition SciencesTuskegee UniversityTuskegeeAL 36088USA United States Department of Agriculture(USDA) Agriculture Research Service(ARS)2300 Experiment Station Dr.BushlandTX 79012USA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409USA Symbrosia Inc Kailua-KonaHI 96740USA

Seaweeds are macroalgae,which can be of many different morphologies,sizes,colors,and chemical *** include brown,red,and green *** seaweeds have been more investigated and exploited in comparison to other seaweed types for their use in animal feeding studies due to their large sizes and ease of *** in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that plant secondary compound-containing seaweeds(e.g.,halogenated compounds,phlorotannins,etc.)have the potential to mitigate enteric methane(CH_(4))emissions from ruminants when added to the diets of beef and dairy *** seaweeds including Asparagopsis *** rich in crude protein and halogenated compounds compared to brown and green *** halogenated-containing red seaweeds are used as the active ingredient in ruminant diets,bromoform concentration can be used as an indicator of antimethanogenic ***-containing brown seaweed has also the potential to decrease CH_(4) ***,numerous studies examined the possible anti-methanogenic effects of marine seaweeds with inconsistent *** work reviews existing data associated with seaweeds and in vitro and in vivo rumen fermentation,animal performance,and enteric CH4 emissions in *** understanding of the seaweed supplementation related to rumen fermentation and its effect on animal performance and CH_(4) emissions in ruminants may lead to novel strategies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions while improving animal productivity.

关键词： Seaweed Bromoform Methane Phlorotannins Ruminant Cattle

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