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生成式人工智能的未来

商学院 2024年第4期 14-14页

作者： Atin Gupta Geoffrey G.parker 麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院麻省理工学院

生成式人工智能的发展已经在数字世界中带来了巨大变革,它可以创建新颖且真实的内容,例如文本、图像、音乐、视频和代码。如今,它也正逐渐渗透到物理世界,为我们处理各种机器和机器人任务提供帮助。在牛津大学研究人员最近的一项研究中... 详细信息

生成式人工智能的发展已经在数字世界中带来了巨大变革,它可以创建新颖且真实的内容,例如文本、图像、音乐、视频和代码。如今,它也正逐渐渗透到物理世界,为我们处理各种机器和机器人任务提供帮助。在牛津大学研究人员最近的一项研究中,人工智能专家预测,未来十年内,高达40%的家务活将实现自动化。

关键词：人工智能牛津大学生成式机器人未来十年自动化巨大变革

Health and safety perspectives of graphene in wearables and hybrid materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 10-32页

作者： Premika Govindaraj Azadeh Mirabedini Xing Jin Dennis Antiohos Nisa Salim Phil Aitchison Jake parker Franz Konstantin Fuss Nishar Hameed Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia Aerospace Engineering and Aviation School of Engineering RMIT University Bundoora Melbourne VIC 3083 Australia Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong VIC 3216 Australia Imagine Intelligent Materials Sydney NSW 2018 Australia Sparc Technologies Kent Town South Australia 5067 Australia Chair of Biomechanics Faculty of Engineering Science University of Bayreuth Bayreuth D-95440 Germany

The growing demand for smart wearables, coupled with the omnipresence of graphene due to its array of outstanding thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, have driven the industry-led initiatives to develop lightweight, smart, and robust graphene-based wearable technologies. The substantial research and the increase in technology readiness levels (TRLs) of graphene-based technologies have led to the adoption of graphene in many industries. Graphene-based wearables are one such technology that involves closer interaction of graphene by the end-user. Despite this, understanding the toxicological risks associated with using graphene-based wearables is still in the fundamental stage. Herein, graphene-based wearables and industrial-scale fabrication techniques for the development of graphene-based wearables are reviewed. The main goal of the review is to initially evaluate the likelihood of user exposure to graphene from the wearable device and the potential health effects. The subsequent health risks based on graphene's physicochemical characteristics are also discussed. A framework to elucidate the risk is presented in terms of crucial exposure routes, possible graphene interactions, recent exposure assessments, detection removal techniques from the human body, and risk management protocols. It is hoped that this review may aid towards establishing a reasonable practice concerning the safe integration of graphene materials into wearables and facilitate their commercialization.

关键词： Graphene Wearables Composites Nanomaterials Smart materials Health and safety

Positron emission particle tracking——Application and labelling techniques

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Particuology 2008年第1期6卷 16-23页

作者： David J. parker School of Physics and Astronomy the University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK

The positron emission particle tracking （PEPT） technique has been widely used in science and engineering to obtain detailed information on the motion and flow fields of fluids or granular materials in multiphase systems, for example, fluids in rock cracks, chemical reactors and food processors; dynamic behaviour of granular materials in chemical reactors, granulators, mixers, dryers, rotating kilns and ball mills. The information obtained by the PEPT technique can be used to optimise the design, operational conditions for a wide range of industrial process systems, and to evaluate modelling work. The technique is based on tracking radioactively labelled particles （up to three particles） by detecting the pairs of backto-back 511 keV γ-rays arising from annihilation of emitted positrons. It therefore involves a positron camera, location algorithms for calculating the tracer location and speed, and tracer labelling techniques. This paper will review the particle tracking technique from tracking algorithm, tracer labelling to their application.

关键词： PEPT Tracer Algorithm Tracking

3D extrusion of multi-biomaterial lattices using an environmentally informed workflow

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2022年第4期11卷 691-708页

作者： Vasiliki Panagiotidou Andreas Koerner Marcos Cruz Brenda parker Bastian Beyer Sofoklis Giannakopoulos Bio-Integrated Design Lab The Bartlett School of ArchitectureUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

The conventional building material palette has been proven limited in terms of adaptability to our current environmental challenges. Innovations in computational design and digital manufacturing have supported the broadening of biomaterial applications as an alternative. While biomaterials are characteristically responsive to stimuli such as temperature and humidity, their unpredictable behaviour is a hurdle to standardization and architectural utilisation. To examine the nexus between material formulation, computation and manufacturing, multi-biomaterial lattice structures were produced through an environmentally informed workflow. Customized biomaterial development resulted in three candidate biopolymer blends with varying levels of hydro-responsiveness and transparency. The computational strategy included a machine learning clustering algorithm to customise results and dictate material distribution outputs. To test the workflow, environmental data of solar radiation exposure and solar heat gain from a specific location was used to inform the material deposition via pneumatic extrusion for the design and digital fabrication of a deformation-controlled prototype of 350 mm × 350 mm. This led to a series of multi-biomaterial wall panel components that can be applied at architectural scale. In future, these techniques can support the incorporation of living elements to be embedded within the built environment for truly animate architecture.

关键词： Hydrogels Multi-biomaterials Hygroscopic properties Pneumatic extrusion Environmentally informed deposition Integrated workflows

A collaboration into research on nanoparticles (ACORN)

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Particuology 2009年第2期7卷 93-105页

作者： David G. parker Chemistry Innovation The HeathRuncorn WA7 4QXUnited Kingdom

This paper describes the operation and outcome of one of the United Kingdom＇s largest multi-partner research activities in nanoparticles. The research covers the discovery and development of organic and inorganic crystals/nanoparticles, nanoparticle properties towards specific product applications. The research also encompassed bespoke measurement technology for nanoparticles and structure interactions. Significant research outcomes are summarised. The paper illustrates the advantages from industrially motivated research and value of collective action between a broad group of researchers in a nation.

关键词： Nanoparticles Nanoparticle manufacture Nanocrystals Nanoassembly structure Modelling

Functional changes after spinal lesions: implications for interventions

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第5期13卷 811-812页

作者： David parker Department of Physiology Neuroscience and DevelopmentUniversity of Cambridge

We have known for many years that the spinal cord can generate some basic locomotor outputs under specific experimental conditions without any input from the brain or the periphery（Stuart and Hultborn,2008）.However,when inputs from the brain are lost following spinal cord injury（SCI）,the mammalian spinal cord is unable to generate normal,goal-directed locomotor outputs.

关键词： Functional changes after spinal lesions implications for interventions

Valve-in-Valve Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in a High-Risk Patient with a Biocor Bioprosthesis and a Flail Prosthetic Valve Leaflet

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2022年第1期6卷 191-194页

作者： Oliver Abela Michael Schoeller parker Williams Charles Lambert Marc Bloom AdventHealth Tampa Pepin Heart Institute Cardiology3100 East Fletcher AvenueTampaFL 33613USA DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine Lincoln Memorial UniversityCardiology6965 Cumberland Gap ParkwayHarrogateTN 37752USA AdventHealth Tampa Pepin Heart Institute Cardiothoracic Surgery3100 East Fletcher AvenueTampaFL 33613USA

An 80-year-old woman with a history of surgical aortic valve replacement with a 21 mm *** Medical Biocor porcine aortic valve 14 years prior presented with New York Heart Association(NYHA)class III symptoms,severe aortic insufficiency from a degenerated prosthesis,and a large echocardiographic mobile mass representing a highly mobile prosthetic *** patient worsened to NYHA class IV symptoms despite medical *** So-ciety of Thoracic Surgery mortality risk score was extremely ***,a valve-in-valve transcatheter aortic valve replacement(TAVR)was found to be a reasonable *** used a 20 mm SAPIEN 3 Ultra valve(Edwards Lifesciences Inc.,Irvine,CA,USA)with a SENTINEL embolic protection device(Boston Scientific,Marlborough,MA,USA).During valve deployment,the echocardiographic mobile mass was visually pinned between the new TAVR valve and the surgical bioprosthetic *** large embolic debris was noted within the embolic protection device,and the patient remained without any new focal neurologic deficits in the perioperative period and at the 30-day *** severe aortic insufficiency resolved,and the patient clinically improved to NYHA class II symptoms.

关键词： Bioprosthetic TAVR Regurgitation

Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) social distancing mandates on trauma survivors

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Global Health Journal 2022年第3期6卷 174-179页

作者： Maggie M.parker Stephanie F.Dailey ADiona Emmanuel Andrew Campbell Graduate School of Education and Human Development George Washington UniversityWashington D.C.20052USA College of Education and Human Development George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030USA Psychology and Counseling Department Hood CollegeFrederickMD 21701USA

Objective:Despite recognition that coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic created an unprecedented impact on global mental health,information on the psychological health among trauma survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic is *** sought to examine psychological outcomes among individuals with preexisting traumatic experiences during ***:We sampled 1242 adults in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States under a state-issued Phase 1 stay-at-home mandate to examine associations between pre-pandemic trauma exposure as measured by the Brief Trauma Questionnaire(BTQ)and anxiety and depression,as measured by the Patient Reported Outcome Scale Anxiety and Depression(PROMIS-A and PROMIS-D).Results:Pre-pandemic trauma exposure among the sample was reported,with 281(22.6%)participants identifying as experiencing one trauma,209(16.8%)reporting two,and 468(37.7%)reporting three or *** reported experiences of trauma increased,so did participant anxiety and depressive ***-way Analysis of Variance indicated that reported trauma was significantly positively correlated with anxiety(P<0.01)and depressive symptomatology(P<0.01).Conclusion:Findings highlight the immense psychological toll of the COVID-19 pandemic,specifically with individuals who were previously exposed to *** health officials can encourage physicians,employers,and universities to screen patients,employees,and students to assess previous trauma,psychological functioning,and risk *** between physicians and mental health providers including psychiatrists,psychologists,counselors,and social workers to provide evidence informed rapid coordination of care can better meet the global mental health crisis that is arising as a result of this unprecedented global trauma.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) Trauma Risk factors Psychological distress Mental health

Cutaneous Cryptococcosis Arising in a Patient with Idiopathic Lung Disease: Related Illnesses or “Ticks and Fleas”

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2023年第10期12卷 418-424页

作者： Zoe parker Cary Chisholm Lubbock Christian University Lubbock USA Dermatopathology Laboratory Epiphany Dermatology Waco USA

Cryptococcus is a yeast typically found in bird feces such as pigeon droppings. Infection may occur through inhalation of spores or via direct inoculation into the skin. Typically there is a history of immunosuppression, but cases are also reported in immunocompetent hosts. Cryptococcus may manifest as pulmonary disease or primary cutaneous infection, but dissemination to a systemic illness is the most life-threatening concern. We present the case of a 71-year-old man with a four-year history of idiopathic lung disease, treated with oral prednisone and mycophenolate, presents with a new onset skin rash on the right wrist. He has a history of cleaning and clearing barns and sheds after a recent storm devastated the area. Birds and bats were present in these structures while he was working. Initial therapy failed, and subsequent biopsy showed the presence of Cryptococcus yeast. Further investigation yielded a positive, low titer Cryptococcus antigen screen but negative blood cultures. This case illustrates three valuable facets of patient care. Ideally, one diagnosis will explain all of the clinical presentation, but when that is not the case then multiple etiologies must be explored. Sometimes first-line therapy is ineffective, and the clinician should not be afraid to recognize that and change course. Importantly with skin lesions, failure to respond to treatment or worsening of the lesion in the face of topical and/or oral steroids should lead one to consider the possibility of infection, particularly in an immunosuppressed patient, and prompt biopsy is prudent.

关键词： Cryptococcosis Cryptococcus Dermatitis Chronic Lung Disease Skin Infection