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Fluid dynamics analysis and pyrolysis of brewer’s spent grain in a spouted bed reactor

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 199-207页

作者： Marcos A.S. Barrozo Lidja D.M.S. Borel taísa S. Lira Carlos H. Ataíde School of Chemical Engineering Federal University of UberlandiaBrazil Department of Engineering and Technologies Federal University of Espirito SantoBrazil

Brewer’s spent grain (BSG) is a large-scale agroindustrial waste that could be more efficiently utilized. This waste is composed of lignocellulosic material and so may serve as a good source of biomass for thermochemical conversion. The present study investigated the fluid dynamics behavior of mixtures of sand and BSG in a spouted bed to assess the viability of the thermochemical conversion of this biomass via fast pyrolysis. Fluid dynamics analyses were performed while varying the mass fraction of BSG (6–80%) and the static bed height (6.6–13.4 cm). Empirical equations for predicting the minimum spouting conditions and the mixing index were obtained using a regression technique, and the selected fluid dynamics parameters were employed in the spouted bed pyrolysis. The bio-oil resulting from this process was rich in phenolic compounds, various nitrogenated compounds (representing precursors for pharmaceuticals) and long-chain hydrocarbons. The products obtained from the analytical and spouted bed pyrolysis processes were also compared.

关键词： Brewer’s spent grain Agroindustrial residue Spouted bed Fast pyrolysis Particle mixing

DETERMiNATiON OF RADON AND NATURAL RADiOACTiViTY CONCENTRATiON iN SOME BUiLDiNG MATERiALS USED iN iZMiR,TURKEY

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Journal of Green Building 2020年第1期15卷 107-118页

作者： Daniel Hatungimana Caner taşköprü Mutlu içhedef Müslim Murat saç Şemsi Yazıcı Ali Mardani-Aghabaglou Department of Civil Engineering Eng.FacultyEge UniversityBornova-IzmirTurkey institute of Nuclear Sciences Ege UniversityBornova-IzmirTurkey Department of Civil Engineering Eng.FacultyBursa UludağUniversityNilüfer-BursaTurkey Civil Engineering Department University of Burundi2700 BujumburaBurundi

The aim of this study is to determine the radon and natural radioactivity concentra-tions of some building materials and to assess the radiation hazard associated with those mortar materials when they are used in the construction of *** measurements were realized by using LR-115 Type 2 solid state nuclear track *** activity concentrations of these materials were found to vary between 130.00±11.40 and 1604.06±40.5 Bq m^(-3).The natural radioactivity in selected mortar materials was analyzed by using scintillation gamma *** activity concentrations for 226Ra,232Th and 40K for the studied mortar materials ranged from ND to 48.5±7.0 Bq kg^(-1),ND to 41.0±6.4 Bq kg^(-1)and ND to 720.4±26.8 Bq kg^(-1),*** equivalent activities,external and internal hazard indexes,gamma and alpha indexes and absorbed gamma dose rates were calculated to assess the radiation hazard of the natural radioactivity in studied *** calculated Raeq values of all samples were found to be lower than the limit of 370 Bq kg-1 set for building *** estimated hazard index values were found to be under the unity and the absorbed dose rate values were also below the worldwide average of 84 nGy h^(-1).

关键词： Radium activity solid state nuclear track detector hazard index absorbed dose rate

Statistics of oxidation resistance of Ni-(0-15)Co-(8-15)Cr-(0-5)Mo-(0-10)W-(3-8)Al-(0-5)Ti-(0-10)ta-0.1C-0.01B superalloys at 1000℃ by compositional variations

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Rare Metals 2020年第8期39卷 918-927页

作者： Si-Jun Park Kyu-Hyuk Lee Seong-Moon Seo hi-Won Jeong Young-Soo Yoo HeeJin Jang Multi-Material Research Center Gwangju-Jeonnam DivisionKorea Automotive Technology InstituteGwangju 62207Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Materials Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea high Temperature Materials Group Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chosun UniversityGwangju 61452Republic of Korea

The effects of alloying elements(Co,Cr,Mo,W,Al,Ti,and ta)on the oxidation resistance of Ni-(0-15)Co-(8-15)Cr-(0-5)Mo-(0-10)W-(3-8)Al-(0-5)Ti-(0-10)ta-0.1 C-0.01 B alloys were *** sample compositions were designed by the Box-Behnken method of design of experiments(DOE).The alloying elements show complicated effects on the mass gain due to oxidation,depending on the alloy *** reduces the mass gain *** other elements except Al do not appear to exert a strong effect on the oxidation rate on average,but their influences are shown clearly in the alloys with a low Al ***,W,and ta reduce the oxidation rate,while Cr,Mo,and Ti promote *** is the most effective element in reducing the oxidation rate of the alloy with a low Al *** is confirmed that a continuous Al2O3 layer is essentially required for high oxidation *** oxide scale of easily oxidized alloys has various oxides such as NiCr2O4,NiAl2O4,NiO,Cr2O3,CrtaO4,and TiO2.

关键词： high temperature oxidation Alloy composition Ni-based superalloy Oxidation resistance Design of experiments

3D Raman mapping as an analytical tool for investigating the coatings of coated drug particles

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2023年第3期13卷 276-286页

作者： Georgia Koutentaki Pavel Krýsa Dan Trunov Tomás Pekarek Marketa Pislova Miroslav Soos Department of Chemical Engineering University of Chemistry and Technology PraguePrague 616628Czech Republic Zentiva k.s.Prague 1010237Czech Republic

The properties of dry-coated paracetamol particles(fast-dissolving model drug)with carnauba wax particles as the coating agent(dissolution retardant)were *** mapping technique was used to non-destructively examine the thickness and homogeneity of coated *** results showed that the wax existed in two forms on the surface of the paracetamol particles,forming a porous coating layer:i)whole wax particles on the surface of paracetamol and glued together with other wax surface particles,and ii)deformed wax particles spread on the *** of the final particle size fraction(between 100 and 800 mm),the coating thickness had high variability,with average thickness of 5.9±4.2 *** ability of carnauba wax to decrease the dissolution rate of paracetamol was confirmed by dissolution of powder and tablet *** dissolution was slower for larger coated *** further reduced the dissolution rate,clearly indicating the impact of subsequent formulation processes on the final quality of the product.

关键词： Raman mapping Dry-coating Dissolution Particle coating thickness Polymers

MULTiPLiCiTY FLUCTUATiON AND "SPiKE EVENTS" iN NONDiFFRACTiVE HADRON-HADRON COLLiSiONS

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Chinese Physics Letters 1985年第3期2卷 101-104页

作者： CAi Xu HUANG Chao-shang sa Ban-hao MENG ta-chung FU Berlin and HMi BerlinGermany Hua-Zhong Normal University WuhanChina

it is shown that the observed dependence of multiplicity distribution on the size of the"rapidity window"and the existence of spike events are natural consequences of a previously proposed statistical model.

关键词： model. consequences multiplicity

A survey on the real-world clinical utilization of a traditional acupuncture in Republic of Korea:sa-am acupuncture

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Journal of integrative Medicine 2024年第5期22卷 570-578页

作者： Ji-Yeun Park Ye-Seul Lee hi-Joon Park Seungmin Kathy Lee Ji-Won Lee Song-Yi Kim College of Korean Medicine Daejeon UniversityDaejeon 34520Republic of Korea Jaseng Spine and Joint Research institute Jaseng Medical FoundationSeoul 06110Republic of Korea Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center Kyung Hee UniversitySeoul 02447Republic of Korea Department of Korean Medicine Korean Medical CenterLusail 201184Qatar Virginia University of integrative Medicine ViennaVA 22182USA Department of Anatomy and Acupoint College of Korean MedicineGachon UniversitySeongnamGyeonggi 13120Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Otolaryngologyand DermatologyCollege of Korean MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyangGyeonggi 10326Republic of Korea

Objective This study investigated the clinical details and usage of sa-am acupuncture in Korean medicine clinics and explored how practicing Korean medicine doctors(KMDs)think about sa-am *** We conducted a questionnaire-based survey of KMDs who utilize sa-am acupuncture in their *** study comprehensively investigated issues related to clinical application of sa-am acupuncture,needling techniques used during treatment,training methods,and directions for its future *** We analyzed 572 *** average of 50%of the patients visiting Korean medicine clinics were receiving sa-am *** most prevalent indication for sa-am acupuncture use was digestive *** patients’appetite level and digestive function were most frequently used indicators for selecting acupuncture *** prescription compositions,Jung-Gyuk formulas were more frequently used than Seung-Gyuk *** the needle along the flow of the channel or against the flow of the channel was most *** acupuncture style most frequently used in combination with sa-am acupuncture was Ashi point *** of sa-am acupuncture included its versatility,easy application,and good *** included the lack of rigorous education and training programs,difficulty in applying the principles for beginners,and insufficient clinical research *** in clinics where sa-am acupuncture is available,KMDs were providing sa-am acupuncture to about half of their *** were not using all of the tonification and sedation techniques which may be due to time constraints or simply a lack of ***-am acupuncture demonstrated high utility in clinical practice and high satisfaction based on the efficacy and *** training programs and high-quality research are needed to help expand the use of sa-am acupuncture.

关键词： sa-am acupuncture Traditional East Asian medicine Acupuncture education Acupoint selection

Can the desiccation of forests in tara National Park (Serbia) be attributed to the effects of a drought period?

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第6期35卷 220-229页

作者： GoranČešljar NevenaČule ilijaĐorđević saša Eremija Natalija Momirović Marko Tomić Filip Jovanović institute of Forestry Kneza Višeslava 3Belgrade 11030Serbia tara National Park Milenka Topalovića 3Bajina Bašta 31250Serbia

Forest ecosystems within national parks are threatened by various biotic and abiotic *** deter-mine the causes of the desiccation and death of trees in mixed coniferous and deciduous forests of tara National Park(TNP),Serbia,we monitored defoliation and mortality of individual trees in permanent experimental *** on the desiccation of a large number of trees were gathered by determining the total volume of dry trees and areas of forests under drying *** two sets of data were combined to determine the impact of climatic events,primarily drought periods,on the desiccation of *** data from the international Co-operative Program on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests(iCP Forests)with TNP data helped relate forest desiccation to climate *** climate signals were identified by monitoring tree defoliation changes in two permanent experimental plots,and then assessed for their influence on tree desicca-tion in the entire national *** standardized precipita-tion evapotranspiration index(SPEi)was used for a more detailed analysis of the drought *** the lack of climate data for a certain period,the SPEi index revealed a link between climate variables and the defoliation and desic-cation of ***,the desiccation of trees was preceded by a long drought *** mixed conifer-ous-deciduous forests are often considered less vulnerable to natural influences,this study suggests that forest ecosystems can become vulnerable regardless of tree species composi-tion due to multi-year *** findings contribute to a better understanding of important clues for predicting pos-sible future desiccation of *** monitoring of the state of forests and of more permanent experimental plots in national parks could provide better quality data and timely responses to stressful situations.

关键词： Forest ecosystems Extreme climate events Drought Defoliation Monitoring

Enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction performance of transition metal doped two-dimensional electride Ca_(2)N

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2023年第6期34卷 487-491页

作者： Baoyu Liu Ziqiang Chen Rui Xiong Xuhui Yang Yinggan Zhang Teng Xie Cuilian Wen Baisheng sa Multiscale Computational Materials Facility and Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced TechnologyCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350100China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control&Resource ReuseFujian Normal UniversityFuzhou 350007China College of Materials Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational ChemistryXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Two-dimensional electride Ca_(2)N has strong electron transfer ability and low work function,which is a potential candidate for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)*** this work,based on density functional theory calculations,we adopt two strategies to improve the HER catalytic activity of Ca_(2)N monolayer:introducing Ca or N vacancy and doping transition metal atoms(TM,refers to Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Zr,Nb,Mo,Ru,Hf,ta and W).interestingly,the Gibbs free energyΔG_(H*)of Ca_(2)N monolayer after introducing N vacancy is reduced to-0.146 e V,showing good HER catalytic *** is highlighted that,the HER catalytic activity of Ca_(2)N monolayer can be further enhanced with TM doping,the Gibbs free energyΔG_(H*)of single Mo and double Mn doped Ca_(2)N are predicted to be 0.119 and 0.139 e V,*** present results will provide good theoretical guidance for the HER catalysis applications of two-dimensional electride Ca_(2)N monolayer.

关键词： Two-dimensional electride Ca_(2)N Density functional theory calculations Hydrogen evolution reaction Transition metal doping

蒙古族传统音乐在高等艺术教育中的传承实践与思考——以内蒙古大学艺术学院的教学科研实践为例

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民族教育研究 2011年第5期22卷 108-112页

作者：萨日娜乌云塔娜内蒙古大学艺术学院内蒙古呼和浩特010000

蒙古族传统音乐的抢救、保护和传承是一项复杂的工程,除了以原生态形式保护和存档静态保存以外,当代艺术教育中的活态传承则更是抢救、保护和发展蒙古族传统音乐的长效之举。因此,作为弘扬和传承民族音乐重要基地的当代高等艺术院校,不... 详细信息

蒙古族传统音乐的抢救、保护和传承是一项复杂的工程,除了以原生态形式保护和存档静态保存以外,当代艺术教育中的活态传承则更是抢救、保护和发展蒙古族传统音乐的长效之举。因此,作为弘扬和传承民族音乐重要基地的当代高等艺术院校,不断地加强蒙古族传统音乐学科体系和专业建设,完善蒙古族音乐人才培养机制,维护、强化、延续其生命力,增进其自身的可持续传承的能力,是抢救、保护和发展蒙古族传统音乐的关键。

关键词：蒙古族传统音乐音乐教育保护传承