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In situ TEM investigation of electron irradiation and aging-induced high-density nanoprecipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1841-1853页

作者： M.lv H.l.Ge q.q.Jin X.H.Shao Y.T.Zhou B.Zhang X.l.Ma Shenyang National laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Materials Science and Engineering Research Center Guangxi University of Science and Technology

In-situ electron irradiation and aging are applied to introduce high-density precipitates in an Mg-10Gd-3Y-1Zn-0.5Zr(GWZ1031K, wt.%)alloy to improve the hardness. The results show that the hardness of the Mg alloy after irradiation for 10 h and aging for 9 h at 250 ℃ is 1.64 GPa, which is approximately 64% higher than that of the samples before being treated. It is mainly attributed to γ' precipitates on the basal plane after irradiation and the high-density nanoscale β' precipitates on the prismatic plane after aging, which should be closely related to the irradiation-induced homogenous clusters. The latter plays a key role in precipitation hardening. This result paves a way to improve the mechanical properties of metallic materials by tailoring the precipitation through irradiation and aging.

关键词： Mg alloy Electron beam irradiation Hardening Precipitates In-situ TEM

Random vibration analysis of FGM plates subjected to moving load using a refined stochastic finite element method

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第4期34卷 42-56页

作者： Ngoc-tu Do Trung Thanh Tran Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of IndustryHanoiViet Nam Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoiViet Nam

The article introduces a finite element procedure using the bilinear quadrilateral element or four-node rectangular element(namely q4 element) based on a refined first-order shear deformation theory(rFSDT) and Monte Carlo simulation(MCS), so-called refined stochastic finite element method to investigate the random vibration of functionally graded material(FGM) plates subjected to the moving load.The advantage of the proposed method is to use r-FSDT to improve the accuracy of classical FSDT, satisfy the stress-free condition at the plate boundaries, and combine with MCS to analyze the vibration of the FGM plate when the parameter inputs are random quantities following a normal distribution. The obtained results show that the distribution characteristics of the vibration response of the FGM plate depend on the standard deviation of the input parameters and the velocity of the moving load.Furthermore, the numerical results in this study are expected to contribute to improving the understanding of FGM plates subjected to moving loads with uncertain input parameters.

关键词： FGM Moving load R-FSDT q4 element Monte Carlo simulation Random vibration

Spalling characteristics of high-temperature treated granitic rock at different strain rates

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1280-1288页

作者： l.F.Fan q.H.Yang X.l.Du The Key laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering of Ministry of Education Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China

The dynamic spalling characteristics of rock are important for stability analysis in rock engineering.This paper presented an experimental investigation on the dynamic spalling characteristics of granite with different temperatures and strain rates.A series of dynamic spalling tests with different impact velocities were conducted on thermally treated granite at different temperatures.The dynamic spalling strengths of granite with different temperatures and strain rates were determined.A model was proposed to correlate the dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain rate.The results show that the spalling strength of granite decreases with increasing temperature.Moreover,the spalling strength of granite with a higher strain rate is larger than that with a lower strain rate.The proposed model can describe the relationship among dynamic spalling strength of granite,high temperature and strain rate.

关键词： Dynamic spalling characteristics High temperature Strain rate Dynamic loading Granite

New immune regulators of sciatic nerve regeneration?lessons from the neighborhood

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 705-706页

作者： Andrél.Bombeiro Rodrigo G.q.Fernandes Julie C.Ribot Instituto de Medicina Molecular João lobo Antunes Faculdade de MedicinaUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal

For decades,the immune system has been associated with host protection against infectious pathogens or tumors,while also contributing to autoimmunity.Notwithstanding,this paradigm is now changing,with recent studies highlighting novel roles for immune mediators in the maintenance of steady-state tissue homeostasis.In this perspective,we review some of the latest findings featuring immune modulators of the nervous system pathophysiology,with a special focus on interleukin(Il)-17.

关键词： homeostasis neighborhood finding

Rational design of AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots with a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield via double shelling scheme

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 235-242页

作者： H.X.lu H.liu Z.Z.Fu Y.Y.Chen H.q.Dai Z.Hu W.l.Zhang R.q.Guo Institute for Electric light Sources School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Institute of Future lighting Academy for Engineering and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University YiwuZhejiang 322000China Zhongshan-Fudan Joint Innovation Center Zhongshan 528437China

In this study,a two-step method was used to synthesize highly luminescent AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS quantum dots(qDs).In the first step,an inner ZnS shell was formed via a one-pot method,which resulted in a smaller lattice mismatch between the AgGaS core and the outer ZnS shell,thereby facilitating the formation of a thick outer shell.After the two-step shelling process,the synthesized AgGaS/ZnS/ZnS qDs showed an excellent photoluminescence quantum yield(PlqY)of 96.4%with a peak wavelength of 508 nm,repre-senting the highest PlqY reported thus far for AgGaS qDs.Furthermore,the effect of halogen ions in Zn precursors on the shelling process was investigated.It was proposed that the capacity of halogen ions to coordinate with the qDs influenced the balance between Zn cation diffusion and ZnS shelling reaction.Specifically,the ZnS shelling reaction was dominant when ZnCl_(2)was employed,while Zn cation diffusion was the dominant process under the I^(−)-rich environment.This work provides insights into the interfacial restructuring during the ZnS shelling and offers a clear map for the tailored synthesis of core/shell qDs.

关键词： AgGaS quantum dots Photoluminescence Core/shell Alloyed core/shell interface

Experimental study on effects of gas flow rate on soot characteristics in diffusion flames coupled with plasma

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 475-485页

作者： qI DanDan CHEN MingXiao tu Xin lIU Dong MIIT Key laboratory of Thermal Control of Electronic Equipment School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Advanced Combustion laboratory School of Energy and Power EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Electrical Engineering and Electronics University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693GJUK

This study examined the evolution of morphology and nanostructure of soot particles from the plasma-flame interaction for various gas flow rates.The current study used both optical diagnostic and sampling methods to explore the soot production and combustion characteristics.Soot particles were characterized at the same positions downstream from the flame zone by thermophoretic sampling and transmission electron microscopy.Moreover,X-ray diffraction analysis,and thermogravimetric analysis were performed to study the nanostructure and oxidation reactivity of soot.A reduction in soot concentration was found with the plasma addition,which illustrated an inhibition effect of plasma on soot emission.The increased gas flow rate promoted soot concentration since a growing number of carbons participated in the combustion process.Depending on the gas flow rate(carbon content)variation and plasma activation,either liquid-like soot material with irregularly shaped protrusions or chain-like structure,or a mixture of both,were generated from the diffusion flames.The soot produced by plasma-flame interaction also demonstrated a high correlation between nanostructure and reactivity.The soot from lower carbon content with plasma activation had a shorter fringe length and larger fringe tortuosity related to higher oxidation reactivity.On the contrary,soot from the highest carbon content without plasma-flame interaction exhibited prevalent fullerene-like nanostructures with evident large or small shells and also had a higher carbonization degree resulting in lower oxidation reactivity.

关键词： soot characteristics gas flow rate plasma diffusion flames

Short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy for chronic nonspecific low-back pain:A prospective,multicenter randomized trial

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 39-45页

作者： Jun-yan He Xiao-yu tu Zi-fei Yin Hui Mu Ming-jun luo Xing-yu Chen Wei-bin Cai Xue Zhao Can Peng Fan-fu Fang Can lü Bai li School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Physiotherapy the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Training PLA 458 HospitalGuangzhou 510602Guangdong ProvinceChina No.3 Ward of Acupuncture Rehabilitation Department Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalGuangzhou 510095Guangdong ProvinceChina

Background As one of the most common musculoskeletal ailments,chronic nonspecific low-back pain(CNlBP)causes persistent disability and substantial medical expenses.Epidemiological evidence shows that the incidence rate of CNlBP in young and middle-aged people who are demanded rapidly recovery and social contribution is rising.Recent guidelines indicate a reduced role for medicines in the management of CNlBP.Objective The present study investigates the short-term effects of cupping and scraping therapy using a medicated balm,compared to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug(NSAID)with a capsaicin plaster,in the treatment of CNlBP.Design,setting,participants and interventions We designed a prospective multicenter randomized clinical trial enrolling patients from January 1,2022 to December 31,2022.A total of 156 patients with CNlBP were randomized into two parallel groups.Diclofenac sodium-sustained release tablets were administered orally to participants in the control group for one week while a capsaicin plaster was applied externally.Patients in the test group were treated with cupping and scraping using a medical device and medicated balm.Main outcome measures Primary outcome was pain recorded using the visual analogue scale(VAS).Two secondary outcomes were recorded using the Japanese Orthopedic Association low-back pain scale(JOA)and the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome integral scale(TCMS)as assessment tools.Results Between baseline and postintervention,all changes in outcome metric scales were statistically significant(Pl group,patients in the test group had a significantly greater treatment effect in all outcome variables,as indicated by lower VAS and TCMS scores and higher JOA scores,after the one-week intervention period(Pltivariate linear regression analysis,the participants’pain(VAS score)was related to their marital status,age,smoking habits and body mass index.No adverse reactions were reported for any participants in t

关键词： Chronic nonspecific low-back pain Traditional Chinese medicine Cupping and scraping therapy

Degradation behaviors of Nabumetone and its metabolite during UV/monochloramine process:Experimental and theoretical study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第8期142卷 103-114页

作者： Xiang tu Yunsong Bai qing Fu Sheng Chang Kunfeng Zhang Yang Pan Ruiyang Xiao Yifu Fu qi Zhang State Key laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source ProtectionResearch Centre of Lake EnvironmentNational Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological RestorationChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China Institute of Environmental Engineering School of Metallurgy and EnvironmentCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

This study investigated degradation behaviors of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug Nabumetone(NMT)and its major metabolite 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid(MNA)in the coupling process of ultraviolet and monochloramine(UV/NH2Cl).The second-order rate constants of the contaminants reacting with reactive radicals(HO·,Cl·,Cl_(2)·-,and CO_(3)·^(-))were determined by laser flash photolysis experiments.HO·and Cl·contributed predominantly with 52.3%and 21.7%for NMT degradation and 60.8%and 22.3%for MNA degradation.The presence of chlorides retarded the degradation of NMT,while promoted the destruction of MNA,which was ascribed to the photosensitization effects of MNA under UV irradiation.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed that radical adduct formation(RAF)was dominant pathway for both HO·and Cl·reacting with the contaminants,and hydrogen atom transfer(HAT)preferred to occur on side chains of NMT and MNA.NMT reacted with NO_(2)·through single electron transfer(SET)with the second-order rate constant calculated to be 5.35×10^(7)(mol/l)^(-1)sec^(-1),and the contribution of NO_(2)·was predicted to be 13.0%of the total rate constant of NMT in pure water,which indicated that NO_(2)·played a nonnegligible role in the degradation of NMT.The acute toxicity and developmental toxicity of NMT were enhanced after UV/NH_(2)Cl treatment,while those of MNA were alleviated.The transformation products of both NMT and MNA exhibited higher mutagenicity than their parent compounds.This study provides a deep understanding of the mechanism of radical degradation of NMT and MNA in the treatment of UV/NH2Cl.

关键词： UV/NH_(2)Cl Reactive species Degradation kinetics Reaction mechanism Degradation products

Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Four Ganoderic Acids in Ganoderma(Chinese Name:lingzhi)by Direct Infusion-Multiple Reaction Monitoring Cubed

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第1期8卷 52-62页

作者： Nian Wu Bo Peng Ting li Pengfei tu Shengpeng Wang Bo li Wenjing liu Yuelin Song Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing Research Institute of Chinese MedicineBeijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Amway(China)Botanical Research Center Wuxi 214011China State Key laboratory of quality Research in Chinese Medicine Institute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacaoTaipa 999078China Amway(Shanghai)Innovation&Science Co. LtdShanghai 201508China School of Pharmacy Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou 450046China

Attributing to the rapid demand expansion for the edible medicinal materials in the market,the limited throughput of highperformance liquid chromatography-multiple reaction monitoring(HPlC-MRM)cannot fully address the measurement workload for a huge number of testing samples.Hence,it is urgent to pursue more efficient approaches for the quality evaluation.Because of the greater selectivity of MRM cubed(MRM^(3))over MRM,there might be a chance to omit the time-intensive lC separation.In current study,we attempted to develop a direct infusion(DI)-MRM^(3) program,and the applicability was thereafter assessed through simultaneous determination of four ganoderic acids(GAs)in one of the most famous tonic herbal medicines namely Ganoderma(Chinese name:lingzhi).Primary parameters such as q1>q3>qlIT ion transitions,collision energy(CE),and excitation energy were optimized by programming online energy-resolved mass spectrometry with authentic compounds.A single DI-MRM measurement merely costed four minutes,and in spite of the wide occurrences of isomers,satisfactory selectivity was achieved.Method validation assays demonstrated the method to be sensitive,precise,accurate,and reproducible.The quantitative results from DI-MRM^(3) were also justified by conducting lC-MRM measurements in parallel.Significant differences occurred for the content patterns between the two original sources namely Ganoderma lucidum and G.sinense,and,moreover,either cultivar or harvest time showed dramatical influence on the quantitative features of the four targeted GAs.More importantly,DI-MRM3 is a meaningful analytical option for rapid quantitative analysis of herbal medicines,because of the comparable reliability,nonetheless,less consumptions of both measurement time and solvent,compared with lC-MRM.

关键词： Direct infusion Multiple reaction monitoring cubed High-throughput quantitative analysis Ganoderic acids Ganoderma