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Review of ionospheric irregularities and ionospheric electrodynamic coupling in the middle latitude region

Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第5期5卷 462-482页

作者： Yi Liu Chen Zhou tong xu Qiong Tang ZhongXin Deng GuanYi Chen ZhuangKai Wang Department of Space Physics School of Electronic InformationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment China Research Institute of Radiowave PropagationQingdao 266107China

This paper briefly reviews ionospheric irregularities that occur in the E and F regions at mid-latitudes. Sporadic E(ES) is a common ionospheric irregularity phenomenon that is first noticed in the E layer. ES mainly appears during daytime in summer hemispheres, and is formed primarily from neutral wind shear in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere(MLT) region. Field-aligned irregularity(FAI) in the E region is also observed by Very High Frequency(VHF) radar in mid-latitude regions. FAI frequently occurs after sunset in summer hemispheres, and spectrum features of E region FAI echoes suggest that type-2 irregularity is dominant in the nighttime ionosphere. A close relationship between ES and E region FAI implies that ES may be a possible source of E region FAI in the nighttime ionosphere. Strong neutral wind shear, steep ES plasma density gradient, and a polarized electric field are the significant factors affecting the formation of E region FAI. At mid-latitudes, joint observational experiments including ionosonde, VHF radar, Global Positioning System(GPS) stations, and all-sky optical images have revealed strong connections across different scales of ionospheric irregularities in the nighttime F region, such as spread F(SF), medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances(MSTID), and F region *** suggest that different scales of ionospheric irregularities are generally attributed to the Perkins instability and subsequently excited gradient drift instability. Nighttime MSTID can further evolve into small-scale structures through a nonlinear cascade process when a steep plasma density gradient exists at the bottom of the F region. In addition, the effect of ionospheric electrodynamic coupling processes, including ionospheric E-F coupling and inter-hemispheric coupling on the generation of ionospheric irregularities, becomes more prominent due to the significant dip angle and equipotentiality of magnetic field lines in the mid-latitude ionosphere. Polar

关键词： ionospheric irregularity plasma instability neutral wind polarized electric field ionospheric electrodynamic coupling

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Cross-Regional Analysis of New Energy Consumption Capacity

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Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology 2020年第1期29卷 38-44页

作者： Shiyi Ma Cong Duan tong xu Xinlei Wang xueqin Tian Liang Wang Beijing Huajian Power Design and Research Institute Beijing 102209China School of Automation Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

An assessment of the new energy consumption capacity of the grid can help to improve new energy efficiency and its planning and *** annual capacity of multi-regional new energy consumption is affected by the new energy installed capacity of each region,the output of thermal power units,the load size,and the exchange capacity between regional tie *** this paper,a real-time data processing method of a province is proposed,and a raw data processing method with dimensionality reduction equivalent is *** the perspective of new installed capacity of new energy across regions,we obtain the assessment of the capacity of wind power photovoltaic bases in a given scenario,and propose new installed capacity for wind,light and energy storage power stations.

关键词： new energy consumption new energy assessment mixed integer programming production simulation

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Porphyromonas gingivalis infection promotes mitochondrial dysfunction through Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission in endothelial cells

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International Journal of Oral Science 2021年第3期13卷 300-310页

作者： tong xu Qin Dong Yuxiao Luo Yanqing Liu Liang Gao Yaping Pan Dongmei Zhang Department of Periodontics School of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Periodontics and Oral Biology School and Hospital of StomatologyChina Medical UniversityLiaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral DiseaseShenyangChina

Porphyromonas gingivalis(***),a key pathogen in periodontitis,has been shown to accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis(AS).However,the definite mechanisms remain *** evidence supports an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and *** our study,the impact of *** on mitochondrial dysfunction and the potential mechanism were *** mitochondrial morphology of ***926 cells infected with *** was assessed by transmission electron microscopy,mitochondrial staining,and quantitative analysis of the mitochondrial *** staining and flow cytometry analysis were performed to determine mitochondrial reactive oxygen species(mtROS)and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)*** ATP production was examined by a luminescence assay *** expression of key fusion and fission proteins was evaluated by western blot and ***-1,a specific Drp1 inhibitor,was used to elucidate the role of Drp1 in mitochondrial *** findings showed that *** infection induced mitochondrial fragmentation,increased the mtROS levels,and decreased the MMP and ATP concentration in vascular endothelial *** observed upregulation of Drp1(Ser616)phosphorylation and translocation of Drp1 to ***-1 blocked the mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction induced by ***,these results revealed that *** infection promoted mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction,which was dependent on *** dysfunction may represent the mechanism by which *** exacerbates atherosclerotic lesions.

关键词： Drp1 gingivalis dysfunction

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Two-center interference in high-harmonic generation of H2%＋ in a combination of a mid-infrared laser field and a terahertz field

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第1期26卷 176-181页

作者： Jun Zhang xue-Fei Pan tong-tong xu Hong-Dan Zhang Hui Du Jing Guo xue-Shen Liu Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin University Changchun 130012 China

We theoretically investigate the two-center interference in high-order harmonics generated from the H2-＋ in a combination of a mid-infrared laser and a terahertz field by numerically solving the time-dependent Schr ¨odinger equation（TDSE）.The interference minima in high-order harmonic generation（HHG） are effectively suppressed when a THz field is *** contribution to HHG from the two separate nuclei is used to demonstrate the locating order of the harmonic ***, we also investigate the emission time of harmonics. The results show that the intensity of the short path around 60^th order after adding a THz field is stronger than that in the mid-infrared laser field, which further illustrates the suppression of the interference minima in HHG.

关键词： terahertz field high-order harmonic two-center interference

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Corrosion resistance properties of colored zirconium conversion coating and powder coating on cold-rolled steel

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Rare Metals 2023年第3期42卷 1005-1010页

作者： Ai-Hua Wu Yao-Zu Wang tong-Kuan xu Zhi Li Sheng-Ji Luan Feng-Zuo Qu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control PKU-HKUST Shenzhen-HongKong InstitutionShenzhen 518057China Faculty of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering Dalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian 116034China

Jiuhe Corporation developed a new surface pretreatment for producing a phosphate-free and colored zirconium conversion coating on cold-rolled steel(CRS).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and energy-dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)were applied to study the surface morphology and elemental composition of the golden yellow-colored conversion *** trochemic al impedance spectroscopy(EIS)was used to investigate the electrochemical performance of the conversion coatings with different *** corrosion resistance properties of the powder coatings were characterized using the neutral salt spray test(NSS)and the tape adhesion *** EIS and NSS results demonstrate that the colored zirconium conversion coatings exhibit excellent corrosion resistance properties compared with the bare *** golden yellow-colored conversion coating has a maximum EIS value(748Ω·cm^(2))and achieves 0 mm degree of corrosion,as stipulated by EN ISO *** paper proposes a hypothesis concerning the ZrO_(2)-(β-FeOOH)-polymer conversion reaction to explain the color changes.

关键词： Surface pretreatment Colored conversion coating Zirconium oxide Powder coating Corrosion protection

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Numerical Investigation of the Cushion and Size Effects During Single-Particle Crushing via DEM

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2020年第6期33卷 851-863页

作者： Du-min Kuang Zhi-lin Long Rui-qi Guo Piao-yi Yu xu-tong Zhou Jie Wang College of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

This paper uses the discrete element method to model the size and cushion effects during single-particle crushing *** propose simplified numerical modeling to examine the effects of particle size and coordination number on particle breakage *** validate the proposed modeling by comparing the numerical results with the experimental data reported in the literature,in terms of the variability of particle tensile strength and axial force-displacement *** on the numerical results,it is clear that a larger particle size entails a higher tensile strength with a larger *** addition,the characteristic tensile strength increases linearly with an increasing coordination ***,smaller particles are more susceptible to the cushion effect than larger *** numerical results also indicate that an increasing coordination number induces a more ductile mode of *** on these results,we propose an empirical equation for calculating tensile strength,incorporating both the cushion effect and the size effect.

关键词： Particle breakage Cushion effect Size effect Discrete element method

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Double-target neural circuit-magnetic stimulation improves motor function in spinal cord injury by attenuating astrocyte activation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1062-1066页

作者： Dan Zhao Ye Zhang Ya Zheng xu-tong Li Cheng-Cheng Sun Qi Yang Qing Xie Dong-Sheng xu Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Rehabilitation Tongji HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Rehabilitation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghaiChina Department of Neurology Zibo Centre HospitalZiboShandong ProvinceChina Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghaiChina School of Rehabilitation Science Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation ShanghaiChina

Multi-target neural circuit-magnetic stimulation has been clinically shown to improve rehabilitation of lower limb motor function after spinal cord injury. However, the precise underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we performed double-target neural circuit-magnetic stimulation on the left motor cortex and bilateral L5 nerve root for 3 successive weeks in a rat model of incomplete spinal cord injury caused by compression at T10. Results showed that in the injured spinal cord, the expression of the astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein and inflammatory factors interleukin 1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α had decreased, whereas that of neuronal survival marker microtubule-associated protein 2 and synaptic plasticity markers postsynaptic densification protein 95 and synaptophysin protein had increased. Additionally, neural signaling of the descending corticospinal tract was markedly improved and rat locomotor function recovered significantly. These findings suggest that double-target neural circuit-magnetic stimulation improves rat motor function by attenuating astrocyte activation, thus providing a theoretical basis for application of double-target neural circuit-magnetic stimulation in the clinical treatment of spinal cord injury.

关键词： astrocyte inflammatory response microtubule-associated protein 2 motor function motor-evoked potential neural circuit-magnetic stimulation neural repair neuromodulation technique spinal cord injury synaptic plasticity

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A general synthesis strategy for the multifunctional 3D polypyrrole foam of thin 2D nanosheets

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2018年第2期12卷 105-117页

作者： Jiangli xuE Maosong MO Zhuming LIU Dapeng YE Zhihua CHENG tong xu Liangti QU Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials Key Laboratory of Cluster Science (Ministry of Education) Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China

A 3D macroporous conductive polymer foam of thin 2D polypyrrole （PPy） nanosheets is developed by adopting a novel intercalation of guest （monomer Py） between the layers of the lamellar host （3D vanadium oxide foam） template-replication strategy. The 3D PPy foam of thin 2D nanosheets exhibits diverse functions including reversible compressibility, shape memory, absorption/adsorption and mechanically deformable supercapacitor characteristics. The as-prepared 3D PPy foam of thin nanosheets is highly light weight with a density of 12 mg·cm^-3 which can bear the large compressive strain up to 80% whether in wet or dry states; and can absorb organic solutions or extract dye molecules fast and efficiently. In particular, the PPy nanosheetbased foam as a mechanically deformable electrode material for supercapacitors exhibits high specific capacitance of 70 F·g^-1 at a fast charge-discharge rate of 50 mA·g^-1, superior to that of any other typical pure PPy-based capacitor. We envision that the strategy presented here should be applicable to fabrication of a wide variety of organic polymer foams and hydrogels of low-dimensional nanostructures and even inorganic foams and hydrogels of low-dimensional nanostructures, and thus allow for exploration of their advanced physical and chemical properties.

关键词： intercalation polymerization polypyrrole nanosheet supercapacitor foam multifunctionality

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A Stoneley wave method to detect interlaminar damage of metal layer composite pipe

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015年第1期10卷 89-94页

作者： Bing LI Lei QIANG tong LU xu GENG Minghang LI State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China

The interlaminar defect is a major form of damage in metal layer composite pipes which are widely used in petroleum and chemical industry. In this paper, a Stoneley wave method is presented to detect interlaminar damage in laminated pipe structure. Stoneley wave possesses some good characteristics, such as high energy and large displacement at the interface and non-dispersive in the high-frequency, so the sensitivity of detecting interlaminar damage can be improved and the higher frequency can be used in damage detection compared with Lamb waves. Additionally, as the frequency increases, the wavelength of the Stoneley wave reduces. Thus, its ability to detect small defects at the interface is enhanced. Finite element model of metal layer composite pipe with interlaminar damage is used to simulate wave propagation of Lamb waves and Stoneley wave, respectively. The damage location is calculated by using the Stoneley wave signal obtained from finite element model, and then the results are compared with the actual damage locations. The simulation examples demonstrate that the Stoneley wave method can better identify the interlaminar damage in laminated pipe structure compared with Lamb waves.

关键词： Stoneley wave interlaminar damage metallaminated pipe

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An Empirical Analysis of the Sustainability of China's Trade Surplus:Based on Unit Root and Cointegration Verification of Endogenous Structural Mutation

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当代财经 2013年第S1期 94-102页

作者： xu tong-sheng YIN Gong-li ZHU Yong-jun Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

On the basis of statistical description of the typical facts of China’s monthly import and export data relations during the period of 1990-2010,and making use of the unit root and cointegration verification techniques of endogenous structural break,this paper conducts an empirical analysis of the sustainability of China’s trade *** results show that between China’s import and export there exists a long-term equilibrium relationship in which changes are found in the intercept items and the slope *** trade surplus has weak *** to the restrain of the long-term balanced relationship between the import and export,the deviation from equilibrium of export will be corrected in the next ***,policies aiming at adjusting the trade balance(external)should take full account of this feature.

关键词： trade surplus strong sustainability weak sustainability endogenous mutation exogenous mutation

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