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Iridoids modulate inflammation in diabetic kidney disease: A review

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 210-222页

作者： tong-yi Zhou Na Tian Liu Li Rong Yu The First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions and Zheng Changsha 410208Hunan ProvinceChina

In recent years,preclinical research on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has surged to the forefront of scientific and clinical attention.DKD has become a pervasive complication of type 2 diabetes.Given the complexity of its etiology and pathological mechanisms,current interventions,including drugs,dietary modifications,exercise,hypoglycemic treatments and lipid-lowering methods,often fall short in achieving desired therapeutic outcomes.Iridoids,primarily derived from the potent components of traditional herbs,have been the subject of long-standing research.Preclinical data suggest that iridoids possess notable renal protective properties;however,there has been no summary of the research on their efficacy in the management and treatment of DKD.This article consolidates findings from in vivo and in vitro research on iridoids in the context of DKD and highlights their shared anti-inflammatory activities in treating this condition.Additionally,it explores how certain iridoid components modify their chemical structures through the regulation of intestinal flora,potentially bolstering their therapeutic effects.This review provides a focused examination of the mechanisms through which iridoids may prevent or treat DKD,offering valuable insights for future research endeavors.

关键词： Diabetic kidney disease Iridoids Gut-kidney axis Traditional Chinese medicine monomer Inflammation

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Optimization of Band Gap of 1D Elastic Metamaterial Under Impact Load by Regulating Stiffness

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 148-154页

作者： tong Li Xianlong Jin Yongqiang Li Peizhong Yang School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200240China College of Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

Designing materials that mitigate impacts effectively are crucial for protecting people and structures.Here,a single-resonator metamaterial with negative mass characteristics is proposed for impact mitigation,and numerical analysis of wave propagation shows explicitly how the spring stiffness and number of unit cells influence that mitigation.The results show clearly that a metamaterial with differing microstructural stiffness is better at mitigating the effect of a shock wave than one with a unique stiffness.Also,there is a critical number of unit cells beyond which the shock wave is not attenuated further,but the fabrication complexity increases.In the 40 groups of microstructural regions in this example,the attenuation effect no longer increases when there are more than 35 groups.This work offers guidance for microstructure designs in metamaterials and provides new ideas for using metamaterials to mitigate shock waves.

关键词： Elastic metamaterials Wave attenuation Stiffness Number of unit cells

Recent advances in age-related metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 652-662页

作者： Qian-Jun He Yi-Fei Li Ling-tong Zhao Chun-tong Lin Chun-Yan Yu Dan Wang College of Basic Medicine Beihua UniversityJilin 132013Jilin ProvinceChina Department of Traumatic Surgery Jilin Central HospitalJilin 132001Jilin ProvinceChina

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)affects approximately 25%of the world's population and has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease.In recent years,an increasing amount of data suggests that MASLD is associated with aging.As the population ages,age-related MASLD will become a major global health problem.Targeting an aging will become a new approach to the treatment of MASLD.This paper reviews the current studies on the role of aging-related factors and therapeutic targets in MASLD,including:Oxidative stress,autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis,bile acid metabolism homeostasis,and dysbiosis.The aim is to identify effective therapeutic targets for age-related MASLD and its progression.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Aging Mitochondrial homeostasis Bile acid homeostasis Dysbiosis

Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 103-113页

作者： Tao Xue Ruohan Wang Meng Wang Yanying Wang Dan tong Xia Meng Conghong Huang Siqi Ai Fangzhou Li Jingyuan Cao Mingkun tong Xueqiu Ni Hengyi Liu Jianyu Deng Hong Lu Wei Wan Jicheng Gong Shiqiu Zhang tong Zhu Clean Air Asia Institute of Reproductive and Child Health National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU) School of Public Health Peking University Health Science Centre State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health Peking University Advanced Institute of Information Technology Peking University Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at Buffalo State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking University Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua University School of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan University College of Land Management Nanjing Agricultural University National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation

Clean air actions （CAAs） in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public health.However,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is unknown.Using high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants (fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3]) and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5and O3from 2013 to 2020.We used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases Study.By analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy（LLE） attributable to PM2.5and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy （GLE） to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality improvement.Finally,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index （GI）.Based on risk assessments of PM2.5and O3,during the first stage of CAAs（2013 to 2017）,the mean GLE was 1.87 months.Half of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed （GI 0.44）.During the second stage of CAAs（2017 to 2020）,the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased （GI 0.18）.According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health inequalities.The enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.5and O3levels.Our findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

关键词： clean air action public health inequality fine particulate matter ozone

Exercise-with-melatonin therapy improves sleep disorder and motor dysfunction in a rat model of ischemic stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1336-1343页

作者： Haitao Zhao tong Zhang Haojie Zhang Yunlei Wang Lingna Cheng School of Rehabilitation Medicine Capital Medical University Department of Neurological Rehabilitation Beijing Bo'ai Hospital China Rehabilitation Research Center 3. School of Rehabilitation Medicine University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences 4. Laboratory of Brain Injury Repair and Rehabilitation China Rehabilitation Science Institute

Exercise-with-melatonin therapy has complementary and synergistic effects on spinal cord injury and Alzheimer’s disease, but its effect on stroke is still poorly understood. In this study, we established a rat model of ischemic stroke by occluding the middle cerebral artery for 60 minutes. We treated the rats with exercise and melatonin therapy for 7 consecutive days. Results showed that exercise-with-melatonin therapy significantly prolonged sleep duration in the model rats, increased delta power values, and regularized delta power rhythm. Additionally, exercise-with-melatonin therapy improved coordination, endurance, and grip strength, as well as learning and memory abilities. At the same time, it led to higher hippocampal CA1 neuron activity and postsynaptic density thickness and lower expression of glutamate receptor 2 than did exercise or melatonin therapy alone. These findings suggest that exercise-withmelatonin therapy can alleviate sleep disorder and motor dysfunction by increasing glutamate receptor 2 protein expression and regulating hippocampal CA1 synaptic plasticity.

关键词： exercise glutamate receptor 2 hippocampus ischemic stroke learning melatonin memory sleep disorder synaptic plasticity

Finite-Time Fuzzy Adaptive Output Feedback Resilient Control of Nonlinear Cyber-Physical Systems with Sensor Attacks and Actuator Faults

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1545-1560页

作者： FAN Xianrui LI Yongming tong Shaocheng College of Science Liaoning University of Technology

This paper studies the finite-time fuzzy adaptive output feedback resilient control problem for nonlinear cyber-physical systems(CPSs) with sensor attacks and actuator faults. Fuzzy logic systems(FLSs) are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, and a fuzzy state observer is constructed to estimate the unmeasured states. By combining the Nussbaum function with the backstepping control design technique, a fuzzy adaptive resilient control scheme is designed to successfully address the effects of sensor attacks and actuator faults. It is proved that the controlled system is semi-global practical finite-time stability(SGPFS), and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin in a finite time interval. Finally, the simulation and comparison results further demonstrate the effectiveness of the designed control method.

关键词： Cyber-physical systems fuzzy adaptive resilient control Nussbaum functions sensor attacks

The KAM theorem on the modulus of continuity about parameters

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第3期67卷 577-592页

作者： Zhicheng tong Jiayin Du Yong Li School of Mathematics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Institute of Mathematics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China School of Mathematics and Statistics Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary SciencesNortheast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China

In this paper,we study the Hamiltonian systems H(y,x,ξ,ε)=〈ω(ξ),y〉+εP(y,x,ξ,ε),where ω and P are continuous about ξ.We prove that persistent invariant tori possess the same frequency as the unperturbed tori,under a certain transversality condition and a weak convexity condition for the frequency mapping ω.As a direct application,we prove a Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser(KAM) theorem when the perturbation P holds arbitrary Holder continuity with respect to the parameter ξ.The infinite-dimensional case is also considered.To our knowledge,this is the first approach to the systems with the only continuity in the parameter beyond H?lder's type.

关键词： Hamiltonian systems invariant tori frequency-preserving weak regularity

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Weyl Type Theorem for Bounded Linear Operator and Its Functional Calculus

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第2期40卷 528-536页

作者： Gao Hui Zi FENG Peng tong LI School of Mathematics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016P.R.China

Let H be a complex infinite dimensional Hilbert space and B(H)be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on H.In this paper,we mainly study the operators that satisfy both a-Weyl's theorem and property(R).Also,the operators whose functional calculus satisfies the two properties are also explored.We give the features for the operator or its functional calculus for which both a-Weyl's theorem and property(R)hold.

关键词： a-Weyl's theorem property(R) functional calculus

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Single-cell RNA sequencing to understand host-virus interactions

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 1-8页

作者： Jia-tong Chang Li-Bo Liu Pei-Gang Wang Jing An Department of Microbiology School of Basic Medical SciencesCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100069China

Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has allowed for the profiling of host and virus transcripts and host-virus interactions at single-cell resolution.This review summarizes the existing scRNA-seq technologies together with their strengths and weaknesses.The applications of scRNA-seq in various virological studies are discussed in depth,which broaden the understanding of the immune atlas,host-virus interactions,and immune repertoire.scRNA-seq can be widely used for virology in the near future to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and discover more effective therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq) Host-virus interaction COVID-19 Flavivirus