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Experimental Study on the Molten Salt at Micron Scale during the Melting Process

Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 70-85页

作者： tian ziqian LIAO Zhirong XU Chao FANG Yongzhe JIANG Kaijun YUAN Mengdi Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The investigation of the melting behaviors of the molten salt at micron scale during the melting process is critical for explaining the solid-liquid phase transition *** this paper,a novel experimental system and analysis method were proposed to study the melting process with three heating rates in the range of1-10℃/min of the solar salt at micron *** solid-liquid boundary morphology and phase transition kinetics of molten salt particles were focused ***,the correlations between liquid fraction,temperature and time under different heating rates were *** solid-liquid boundary morphology was depicted by the visualized experimental set-up,and the instantaneous liquid volume fraction during the non-isothermal phase transition was ***,the correlation between temperature and liquid volume fraction was proposed to reveal the evolution of the solid-liquid boundary with temperature at different heating ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equation was established by introducing a constant parameter(V_(a,b)),and more kinetic parameters such as 1g V_(a,b) and-lg V_(a,b)/b were *** results showed that the exponent b is not sensitive to the heating rate with a range of 3-5 for solar salt ***,the heating rate influences the value of V_(a,b) and presents a positive ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equations at different heating rates in the range of 1-10℃/min can be quickly predicted by the proposed improved experimental test *** study could fill the research insufficiency and provide significant guidance for future research on the solid-liquid transition mechanism of molten salts at micron scale.

关键词： molten salt non-isothermal phase transition solid-liquid boundary morphology liquid volume fraction micron scale melting process

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熔盐在凝固过程中的微米尺度实验及模拟研究

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中国科学：技术科学 2023年第12期53卷 2090-2100页

作者：田紫芊廖志荣徐超江凯军华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206

本文采用可视化实验和相场法数值模拟相结合的方法在微米尺度下研究了太阳盐凝固过程中固液相转变机理.实验研究发现,太阳盐颗粒凝固过程可划分为三个典型阶段,各阶段的相转变规律及固-液相边界形貌结构不同.此外,太阳盐凝固结晶过程是... 详细信息

本文采用可视化实验和相场法数值模拟相结合的方法在微米尺度下研究了太阳盐凝固过程中固液相转变机理.实验研究发现,太阳盐颗粒凝固过程可划分为三个典型阶段,各阶段的相转变规律及固-液相边界形貌结构不同.此外,太阳盐凝固结晶过程是典型的枝状晶形貌,其初始结晶的位置较为随机,并显著影响了各个方向枝状晶的演变过程.当晶核位置靠近中心时,各个方向的主枝晶的增长较为一致,使得总体形貌呈现很好的对称性.在相场法模拟中,基于控制变量法探讨了各项异性模数j、无量纲潜热系数K和各项异性强度δ三个关键相场参数对枝状晶的影响.基于实验结果进行对比分析,进一步优化了模型参数,结果表明当K=2.4,j=9,δ=0.01时,数值模型可准确模拟实际太阳盐颗粒的晶体演变过程.

关键词：可视化实验微米尺度太阳盐凝固过程枝状晶相场法

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粉煤灰高温定型相变储热材料制备及性能表征

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中国科学：技术科学 2020年第9期50卷 1235-1242页

作者：王铁营王凯晨张天影田紫芊叶锋徐超华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京102206

按照不同混合比例配置了9种二元混合碳酸盐(碳酸钠-碳酸钾).采用差示扫描量热法分析了9种混合盐的潜热及相变温度,并选取一种混合碳酸盐(碳酸钠-碳酸锂,1:1,质量比)为相变材料,以改性粉煤灰为基体材料,通过混合烧结法制备了5种不同含盐... 详细信息

按照不同混合比例配置了9种二元混合碳酸盐(碳酸钠-碳酸钾).采用差示扫描量热法分析了9种混合盐的潜热及相变温度,并选取一种混合碳酸盐(碳酸钠-碳酸锂,1:1,质量比)为相变材料,以改性粉煤灰为基体材料,通过混合烧结法制备了5种不同含盐量的定型相变储热材料.定型相变储热材料的导热系数与储热密度都随相变材料含量的增加而增加.当二元碳酸盐质量含量为50%(N1),60%(N2)和70%(N3)时,定型相变材料烧结后外观完好无裂纹,且具有良好的储热能力及化学相容性.N3的相变温度为693.4°C,潜热为73.85 J/g.而且N3的导热系数(1.736 W/(m K))和储热密度(1067.825 J/g)在所制备的材料中性能最佳,因此N3有望作为一种低成本的高温定型相变储热材料.

关键词：定型相变材料改性粉煤灰二元碳酸盐储热导热系数

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Overview and Prospect of Distributed Energy P2P Trading

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 379-404页

作者： Jiajia Liu Mingxing tian Xusheng Mao School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou730070China

After a century of relative stability in the electricity sector,the widespread adoption of distributed energy resources,along with recent advancements in computing and communication technologies,has fundamentally altered how energy is consumed,traded,and *** change signifies a crucial shift as the power system evolves from its traditional hierarchical organization to a more decentralized *** the heart of this transformation are innovative energy distribution models,like peer-to-peer(P2P)sharing,which enable communities to collaboratively manage their energy *** effectiveness of P2P sharing not only improves the economic prospects for prosumers,who generate and consume energy,but also enhances energy resilience and *** allows communities to better leverage local resources while fostering a sense of collective responsibility and collaboration in energy ***,there is still no extensive implementation of such sharing models in today’s *** on distributed energy P2P trading is still in the exploratory stage,and it is particularly important to comprehensively understand and analyze the existing distributed energy P2P trading *** paper contributes with an overview of the P2P markets that starts with the network framework,market structure,technical approach for trading mechanism,and blockchain technology,moving to the outlook in this field.

关键词： Distributed energy P2P market mechanisms classification and comparison

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Modeling and Capacity Configuration Optimization of CRH5 EMU On-Board Energy Storage System

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 307-329页

作者： Mingxing tian Weiyuan Zhang Zhaoxu Su School of Automation and Electrical Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou730070China

In the context of the“dual carbon”goals,to address issues such as high energy consumption,high costs,and low power quality in the rapid development of electrified railways,this study focused on the China Railways High-Speed 5 Electric Multiple Unit and proposed a mathematical model and capacity optimization method for an onboard energy storage system using lithium batteries and supercapacitors as storage ***,considering the electrical characteristics,weight,and volume of the storage media,a mathematical model of the energy storage system was ***,to tackle problems related to energy consumption and power quality,an energy management strategy was proposed that comprehensively considers peak shaving and valley filling and power quality by controlling the charge/discharge thresholds of the storage *** optimization adopted a bilevel programming model,with the series/parallel number of storage modules as variables,considering constraints imposed by the Direct Current to Direct Current converter,train load,and *** improved Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm and linear programming solver were used to solve specific *** results show that the proposed onboard energy storage system can effectively achieve energy savings,reduce consumption,and improve power qualitywhile meeting the load and space limitations of the train.

关键词： Electrified railway regenerative braking bi-level programming on-board energy storage power quality capacity configuration

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Research status and prospects of the fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 20-38页

作者： Qinjin Dai Xuefeng Liu Xin Ma Shaojie tian Qinghe Cui Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing of Ministry of Education University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xinjiang Institute of EngineeringUrumqi 830023China

As a mathematical analysis method,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe irregular shapes with self-similar or self-affine *** analysis has been used to characterize the shapes of metal materials at various scales and *** methods make it difficult to quantitatively describe the relationship between the regular characteristics and properties of metal material surfaces and ***,fractal analysis can be used to quantitatively describe the shape characteristics of metal materials and to establish the quantitative relationships between the shape characteristics and various properties of metal *** the perspective of two-dimensional planes and three-dimensional curved surfaces,this paper reviews the current research status of the fractal analysis of metal precipitate interfaces,metal grain boundary interfaces,metal-deposited film surfaces,metal fracture surfaces,metal machined surfaces,and metal wear *** relationship between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces is *** from three perspectives of fractal analysis,namely,research scope,image acquisition methods,and calculation methods,this paper identifies the direction of research on fractal analysis of metal material surfaces and interfaces that need to be *** is believed that revealing the deep influence mechanism between the fractal dimensions and properties of metal material surfaces and interfaces will be the key research direction of the fractal analysis of metal materials in the future.

关键词： metal material surfaces and interfaces fractal analysis fractal dimension homogeneity

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非均匀翅片对级联相变储热系统热性能强化的研究

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发电技术 2022年第1期43卷 83-91页

作者：廖志荣李朋达田紫芊徐超魏高升华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京市昌平区102206

级联相变储热是一种具有重要商业前景的相变储热技术。利用数值模拟方法研究了一种采用非均匀翅片布置进行强化传热的级联相变储热系统,分析了各级相变储热模块采用均匀翅片数量和均匀翅片高度布置对系统的强化作用,进而研究了各级模块... 详细信息

级联相变储热是一种具有重要商业前景的相变储热技术。利用数值模拟方法研究了一种采用非均匀翅片布置进行强化传热的级联相变储热系统,分析了各级相变储热模块采用均匀翅片数量和均匀翅片高度布置对系统的强化作用,进而研究了各级模块采用非均匀翅片数量和非均匀翅片高度布置下系统的充/放热性能。研究结果表明:相比于各级采用均匀翅片数量布置,采用非均匀翅片数量布置的级联相变储热系统可缩短完全熔化及凝固总时间约5.2%,同时提高系统充热平均功率约12.6%;采用非均匀翅片高度布置可略微缩短系统完全熔化及凝固总时间,但对系统充/放热平均功率影响较小。研究结果对级联相变储热系统的强化传热具有一定理论指导价值。

关键词：太阳能热发电级联相变储热(CLH-TES) 相变材料(PCM) 强化传热非均匀翅片数值模拟

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Optimizing battery deployment: Aging trajectory prediction enabling homogenous performance grouping

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 565-577页

作者： Shuquan Wang Feng Gao Zhan Ma Hao tian Yusen Zhang School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Key Lab of Power System Intelligent Dispatch and Control of Ministry of Education Shandong University

As battery deployments in electric vehicles and energy storage systems grow, ensuring homogeneous performance across units is crucial. We propose a multi-derivative imaging fusion(MDIF) model, employing advanced imaging and machine learning to predict battery aging trajectories from minimal initial data, thus facilitating effective performance grouping before deployment. Utilizing a derivative strategy and Gramian Angular Difference Field for dimensional enhancement, the MDIF model uncovers subtle predictive features from discharge curve data after only ten cycles. The architecture includes a parallel convolutional neural network with lateral connections to enhance feature integration and *** on a self-developed dataset, the model achieves an average root-mean-square error of 0.047 Ah and an average mean absolute percentage error of 1.60%, demonstrating high precision and *** robustness is further validated through transfer learning on two publicly available datasets, adapting with minimal retraining. This approach significantly reduces the testing cycles required, lowering both time and costs associated with battery testing. By enabling precise battery behavior predictions with limited data, the MDIF model optimizes battery utilization and deployment strategies, enhancing system efficiency and sustainability.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery Battery prognostics Fusion model Convolutional neural network Transfer learning

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Coordinated Control Strategy of New Energy Power Generation System with Hybrid Energy Storage Unit

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Energy Engineering 2025年第1期122卷 167-184页

作者： Yun Zhang ZifenHan Biao tian Ning Chen Yi Fan School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering Xidian UniversityXi’an710071China Electric Power Control Center State Grid Gansu Electric Power CompanyLanzhou730030China Electric Power Control Center State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company Zhangye Power Supply BranchZhangye734000China

The new energy power generation is becoming increasingly important in the power *** as photovoltaic power generation has become a research hotspot,however,due to the characteristics of light radiation changes,photovoltaic power generation is unstable and random,resulting in a low utilization rate and directly affecting the stability of the power *** solve this problem,this paper proposes a coordinated control strategy for a newenergy power generation system with a hybrid energy storage unit based on the lithium iron phosphate-supercapacitor hybrid energy storage ***,the variational mode decomposition algorithm is used to separate the high and low frequencies of the power signal,which is conducive to the rapid and accurate suppression of the power fluctuation of the energy storage ***,the fuzzy control algorithm is introduced to balance the power between energy *** this paper,the actual data is used for simulation,and the simulation results show that the strategy realizes the effective suppression of the bus voltage fluctuation and the accurate control of the internal state of the energy storage unit,effectively avoiding problems such as overshoot and over-discharge,and can significantly improve the stability of the photovoltaic power generation systemand the stability of the Direct Current *** is of great significance to promote the development of collaborative control technology for photovoltaic hybrid energy storage units.

关键词： Photovoltaic power suppression hybrid energy storage unit variationalmodal decomposition fuzzy control power distribution control

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Smart Gas Sensors:Recent Developments and Future Prospective

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 55-86页

作者： Boyang Zong Shufang Wu Yuehong Yang Qiuju Li tian Tao Shun Mao College of Environmental Science and Engineering Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research InstituteShanghai East HospitalState Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource ReuseTongji University1239 Siping RoadShanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Microbiome Medicine Center Department of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510280People’s Republic of China

Gas sensor is an indispensable part of modern society withwide applications in environmental monitoring,healthcare,food industry,public safety,*** the development of sensor technology,wireless communication,smart monitoring terminal,cloud storage/computing technology,and artificial intelligence,smart gas sensors represent the future of gassensing due to their merits of real-time multifunctional monitoring,earlywarning function,and intelligent and automated *** electronicand optoelectronic gas sensors have been developed for high-performancesmart gas *** the development of smart terminals and the maturityof integrated technology,flexible and wearable gas sensors play an increasingrole in gas *** review highlights recent advances of smart gassensors in diverse *** structural components and fundamentalprinciples of electronic and optoelectronic gas sensors are described,andflexible and wearable gas sensor devices are ***,sensorarray with artificial intelligence algorithms and smart gas sensors in“Internet of Things”paradigm are ***,the challengesand perspectives of smart gas sensors are discussed regarding the future need of gas sensors for smart city and healthy living.

关键词： Smart gas sensor Electronic sensor Optoelectronic sensor Flexible and wearable sensor Artificial intelligence

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