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中国不同地区猪轮状病毒的分离鉴定及分子流行病学分析

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中国预防兽医学报 2024年第2期46卷 201-205页

作者：燕贺孙玉洁赵文影谢莉敏黄柏成田克恭张云静逄文强国家兽用药品工程技术研究中心河南洛阳471000 普莱柯生物工程股份有限公司河南洛阳471000

为鉴定国内不同地区猪轮状病毒(Porcine rotavirus,PRo V)并分析其分子流行病学特征,本研究将从我国不同地区收集病料中检测到的16份PRoV阳性仔猪粪便样品和小肠内容物处理后接种MA-104细胞,传代后进行荧光定量PCR (qPCR)和间接免疫荧... 详细信息

为鉴定国内不同地区猪轮状病毒(Porcine rotavirus,PRo V)并分析其分子流行病学特征,本研究将从我国不同地区收集病料中检测到的16份PRoV阳性仔猪粪便样品和小肠内容物处理后接种MA-104细胞,传代后进行荧光定量PCR (qPCR)和间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)鉴定,并经电镜观察。结果显示,其中7份样品F1~F3代病毒液qPCR Ct值均随着传代次数的升高而逐渐降低,IFA鉴定结果显示均能在细胞中观察到特异性荧光,电镜观察到直径约70 nm无囊膜的病毒粒子,表明本实验分离到7株PRoV。利用RT-PCR扩增7株分离株和其余9份PRoV的阳性样品的VP7基因并测序分析基因型,基于VP7基因进行同源性和遗传进化分析。结果显示,16份阳性样品包含3种G型,即G9(7/16)、G4 (6/16)和G3 (3/16),同时G9型FJ-2021分离株和G4型JS01-2021分离株与近两年流行株亲缘关系较近。统计16份样品中G型PRoV的地域分布,结果显示华东地区有G9、G4和G3型的流行,四川有G3和G9型流行,广东有G9型的流行,分别与华东地区、四川地区和广西地区报道的流行G型一致;除此之外,G9型在云南、辽宁、湖南均有流行,G4基因型在广西、广东、陕西、黑龙江、河南均有流行。本研究首次收集了来自我国12个省市的PRoV阳性临床样品并进行PRoV的分离鉴定,丰富了PRoV在国内的流行资料,对不同地区针对性的防控PRoV的感染提供了流行病学数据,同时为进一步研究不同G型PRoV的致病机制和疫苗研发奠定了基础。

关键词：猪轮状病毒分离鉴定

Photoinduced superlubricity on TiO_(2) surfaces

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Friction 2024年第3期12卷 428-438页

作者： ke HAN Liran MA Yu tian Jianbin LUO State key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Received:16 September 2022/Revised:28 October 2022/Accepted:27 December 2022The author(s)2022.

Superlubricity control is of great interest in both industry and scientific research,and several methods have been proposed to achieve this goal.In this work,ultraviolet(UV)light was introduced into titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))and silicon nitride(Si_(3)N_(4))tribosystems to accomplish photoinduced superlubricity.The friction coefficients(COFs)between Si_(3)N_(4) balls and TiO_(2) plates in the mixtures of sulfuric acid(H^(2)SO_(4))solution and glycerol solution were obviously reduced,and the system entered the superlubricity region(COFkey to the photoinduced superlubricity in this system.These findings showed one method for achieving superlubricity by introducing a light field that could be further applied to special working conditions.

关键词： light control friction superlubricity glycerol titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))

Hydration lubrication modulated by water structure at TiO2–aqueous interfaces

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Friction 2024年第4期12卷 591-605页

作者： Pingsu MA Yuan LIU ke HAN Yu tian Liran MA State key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The nature of solid-liquid interfaces is of great significance in lubrication.Remarkable advances have been made in lubrication based on hydration effects.However,a detailed molecular-level understanding is still lacking.Here,we investigated water molecule behaviors at the TiO2-aqueous interfaces by the sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy(SFG-VS)and atomic force microscope(AFM)to elucidate the fundamental role of solid-liquid interfaces in lubrication.Combined contributions of water structures and hydration effects were revealed,where water structures played the dominant role in lubrication for TiO2 surfaces of varying hydrophilicity,while hydration effects dominated with the increasing of ion concentrations.Superior lubrication is observed on the initial TiO2 surfaces with strongly H-bonded water molecules compared to the hydrophilic TiO2 surfaces with more disordered water.The stable ordered water arrangement with strong hydrogen bonds and the shear plane occurring between the ordered water layer and subsequent water layer may play a significant role in achieving lower friction.More adsorbed hydrated molecules with the increasing ionic concentration perturb ordered water but lead to the enhancement of hydration effects,which is the main reason for the improved lubrication for both TiO2.This work provides more insights into the detailed molecular-level understanding of the mechanism of hydration lubrication.

关键词： hydration lubrication interfacial water structures hydration effects titanium dioxide(TiO2)

Decreased LDHB expression in breast tumor cells causes NK cell activation and promotes tumor progression

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 513-540页

作者： Zhihong Luo Xiaohua Huang Xinyi Xu kefeng Wei Yi Zheng ke gong Wenhua Li Hubei key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis College of Life Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute Central Laboratory University of Chinese Academy of Sciences-Shenzhen Hospital Hubei Province key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology and Department of Immunology School of Basic Medical Sciences Wuhan University

Objective: Abnormal metabolism is the underlying reason for breast cancer progression. Decreased lactate dehydrogenase B(LDHB) has been detected in breast cancer but the function of LDHB remains unknown.Methods: Western blot was used to analyze LDHB expression in breast cancer cells. The impact of LDHB on tumor cell migration and invasion was determined using Transwell assays, wound healing assays, and a mouse lung metastasis model. Subcutaneous tumor formation, a natural killer(NK) cell cytotoxicity assay, and flow cytometry evaluated NK cell activation. Immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR detected NK cell activation markers. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated the effect of immune cell infiltration on prognosis. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis determined NK cell activation scores. A support vector machine predicted the role of LDHB in NK cell activation.Results: In this study we showed that LDHB inhibits the breast cancer cell metastasis and orchestrates metabolic reprogramming within tumor cells. Our results revealed that LDHB-mediated lactic acid clearance in breast cancer cells triggers NK cell activation within the tumor microenvironment. Our findings, which were confirmed in a murine model, demonstrated that LDHB in tumor cells promotes NK cell activation and ultimately results in the eradication of malignant cells. Clinically, our study further validated that LDHB affects immune cell infiltration and function. Specifically, its expression has been linked to enhanced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and improved patient survival. Furthermore, we identified LDHB expression in tumors as an important predictor of NK cell activation, with strong predictive ability in some cancers.Conclusions: Our results suggest that LDHB is a promising target for activating the tumor immune microenvironment in breast cancer, where LDHB-associated lactic acid clearance leads to increased NK cell activity. This study highlights the critical role of LDHB in regulating immune responses and its potential as a the

关键词： Breast cancer NK cells lactate dehydrogenase B lactic acid tumor immunity

Internal limiting membrane peeling combined with silicone oil or air tamponade for highly myopic foveoschisis

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 1079-1085页

作者： Jin Deng Wen-Tao Sun ke gong Li-Ping Wang Feng-Zhi Li Xi’an People’s Hospital(Xi’an Fourth Hospital) Shaanxi Eye HospitalAffiliated People’s Hospital of Northwest UniversityXi’an 70004Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To compare the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)combined with internal limiting membrane(ILM)and silicone oil or sterile air tamponade for the treatment of myopic foveoschisis(MF)in highly myopic eyes.METHODS:This retrospective study included 48 myopic eyes of 40 patients with MF and axial lengths(ALs)ranging from 26-32 mm treated between January 2020 and January 2022.All patients were underwent PPV combined with ILM peeling followed by sterile air or silicone oil tamponade and followed up at least 12mo.Based on the features on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT),the eyes were divided into the MF-only group(Group A,n=15 eyes),MF with central foveal detachment group(Group B,n=20 eyes),and MF with lamellar macular hole group(Group C,n=13 eyes).According to AL,eyes were further divided into three groups:Group D(26.01-28.00 mm,n=12 eyes),Group E(28.01-30.00 mm,n=26 eyes),and Group F(30.01-32.00 mm,n=10 eyes).The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),central foveal thickness(CFT),and complications were recorded.RESULTS:The patients included 16 males and 24 females with the mean age of 56±9.82y.The BCVA and CFT improved in all groups after surgery(P0.05).The intergroup differences of BCVA and CFT postoperatively were statistically significant in Group D,E,and F.Twenty eyes were injected with sterile air,and 28 eyes were injected with silicone oil for tamponade based on the AL.However,there was no statistically significant difference among Groups D,E,and F in terms of the results of sterile air or silicone oil tamponade.The mean recovery time was 5.9mo for MF patients subjected to silicone oil tamponade and 7.7mo for patients subjected to sterile air tamponade,and the difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION:PPV and ILM peeling combined with silicone oil or sterile air tamponade can achieve good results for MF in highly myopic eyes with ALs≤32 mm.

关键词： axial length myopic foveoschisis highly myopic internal limiting membrane pars plana vitrectomy

Fewer is more:efficient object detection in large aerial images

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 105-123页

作者： Xingxing XIE gong CHENG Qingyang LI Shicheng MIAO ke LI Junwei HAN School of Automation Northwestern Polytechnical University Zhengzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping

Current mainstream object detection methods for large aerial images usually divide large images into patches and then exhaustively detect the objects of interest on all patches,no matter whether there exist objects or not.This paradigm,although effective,is inefficient because the detectors have to go through all patches,severely hindering the inference speed.This paper presents an objectness activation network(OAN) to help detectors focus on fewer patches but achieve more efficient inference and more accurate results,enabling a simple and effective solution to object detection in large images.In brief,OAN is a light fully-convolutional network for judging whether each patch contains objects or not,which can be easily integrated into many object detectors and jointly trained with them end-to-end.We extensively evaluate our OAN with five advanced detectors.Using OAN,all five detectors acquire more than 30.0% speed-up on three large-scale aerial image datasets,meanwhile with consistent accuracy improvements.On extremely large Gaofen-2 images(29200 × 27620 pixels),our OAN improves the detection speed by 70.5%.Moreover,we extend our OAN to driving-scene object detection and 4K video object detection,boosting the detection speed by 112.1% and 75.0%,respectively,without sacrificing the accuracy.

关键词： efficient object detection large aerial images objectness activation network

Dual-microcomb generation via a monochromatically pumped dual-mode microresonator

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 163-171页

作者： RUNLIN MIAO ke YIN CHAO ZHOU CHENXI ZHANG ZHUOPEI YU XIN ZHENG tian JIANG National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology Academy of Military Sciences PLA ChinaBeijing 100071China Beijing Institute for Advanced Study National University of Defense TechnologyBeijing 100000China College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China College of Electronic Science and Technology National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institute for Quantum Science and Technology College of ScienceNational University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

Microcombs have enabled a host of cutting-edge applications from metrology to communications that have garnered significant attention in the last decade.Nevertheless,due to the thermal instability of the microresonator,additional control devices like auxiliary lasers are indispensable for single-soliton generation in some scenarios.Specifically,the increased system complexity would be too overwhelming for dual-microcomb generation.Here,we put forward a novel approach to mitigate the thermal instability and generate the dual-microcomb using a compact system.This process is akin to mode-division multiplexing,as the dual-microcombs are generated by pumping the dual-mode of a single Si_(3)N_(4) microresonator with a continuous-wave laser.Both numerical simulations and experimental measurements indicate that this innovative technique could offer a straightforward way to enlarge the soliton existence range,allowing entry into the multistability regime and triggering another microcomb alongside the main soliton pulse.This outcome not only shines new light on the interaction mechanism of microresonator modes but also provides an avenue for the development of dual-microcomb-based ranging and low phase noise microwave generation.

关键词： resonator pumped pumping

Responses of Nutrients to the Precipitation Variation and Land Use in Subtropical Monsoonal Small Mountainous Rivers:A Case Study of Baixi Watershed

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 383-391页

作者： tian Yuan GAO Fei CAO ke LV Shenghua DUAN Xiaoyong YIN Ping Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

Small mountainous rivers are characterized by large instantaneous fluxes and susceptible to extreme weather events,which can rapidly transport materials into the sea and have a significant impact on the ecological environment of estuaries and bays.In order to investigate the seasonal characteristics of nutrients in small mountainous rivers in the subtropical monsoon region and the output pattern to the sea during heavy precipitation,surveys on the mountainous rivers were carried out in Baixi watershed in August 2020(wet season),March 2021(dry season)and June 2021(Meiyu period).The results showed that the dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN)of the rivers has an average concentration of 752μg L^(−1)in the wet season and 1472μg L^(−1)in the dry season.The concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)in wet season and dry season were 63μg L^(−1)and 51μg L^(−1),respectively.Influenced by the changes of land use in sub-watersheds,DIN concentrations in the mainstream increased from 701μg L^(−1)in the upper reaches to 1284μg L^(−1)in the middle reaches.Two rainstorms during the Meiyu period in the watershed caused the pulse runoff in the river.The maximum daily runoff reached 70 times that before rains.The maximum daily fluxes of DIN and DIP were 109 and 247 times that before rains,respectively.In view that the watershed experienced several rainstorms in the wet season,the river,with pulse runoff,carries a large amount of nutrients into the sea in a short time,which will have a significant impact on the environment of Sanmen bay and its adjacent sea.

关键词： small mountainous river uneven precipitation rainstorm pulse runoff nitrogen and phosphorus

A Magnetic-Multiplier-Enabled Hybrid Generator with Frequency Division Operation and High Energy Utilization Efficiency

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 561-570页

作者： Jie Chen Kangjie Wu Shaokun gong Jianchao Wang ke Wang Hengyu Guo College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Chongqing Key Laboratory Photo-electric Functional MaterialsChongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China State key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China School of Physics Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generator(HETG)is a prevalent device for mechanical energy harvesting.However,the energy utilization efficiency of the electromagnetic generator(EMG)is inferior to that of the triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)at low driving frequencies,which limits the overall efficacy of the HETG.To tackle this issue,a layered hybrid generator consisting of a rotating disk TENG,a magnetic multiplier,and a coil panel is proposed.The magnetic multiplier not only forms the EMG part with its high-speed rotor and the coil panel but also facilitates the EMG to operate at a higher frequency than the TENG through frequency division operation.The systematic parameter optimization of the hybrid generator reveals that the energy utilization efficiency of EMG can be elevated to that of rotating disk TENG.Incorporating a power management circuit,the HETG assumes the responsibility for monitoring the water quality and fishing conditions by collecting low-frequency mechanical energy.The magneticmultiplier-enabled hybrid generator demonstrated in this work offers a universal frequency division approach to improve the overall outputs of any hybrid generator that collects rotational energy,expanding its practical applications in diverse multifunctional self-powered systems.

关键词： generator rotating assume