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Recent area and ice volume change of Kangwure Glacier in the middle of Himalayas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第20期55卷 2088-2096页

作者： MA LingLong tian lide PU JianChen WANG PengLing Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sci- ences Beijing 100085 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049 China National Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

This paper calculated and evaluated the area and ice volume changes of Kangwure Glacier in ***,middle of Himalayas in the past 3 decades,based on the field survey of glacier boundary position by differential GPS and glacier depth by Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR),together with the topographic map and remote sense *** studied data showed that the Kangwure Glacier has experienced significant mass deficit since the 1970s,with 34.2%of area loss,48.2%ofice volume loss and 7.5 m of average thickness *** result revealed that the ice volume loss of Himalayan glaciers was more serious than *** of meteorological data from two weather stations in the region of ***,shows that the air temperature of this region has risen from the middle of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st *** retreat of Himalayas glacier driven by climatic warming will have a remarkable impact on hydrology and ecosystem.

关键词：喜马拉雅山冰川变化冰川面积冰量差分GPS 地质雷达探地雷达遥感数据

A new type of ice formation zone found in the Himalayas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第5期44卷 469-474页

作者： Tandong Yao Jianchen Pu Ninlian Wang lide tian Chinese Acad Sci Lanzhou Inst Glaciol & Geocryol Lab Ice Core & Cold Reg Environm Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China

Ice formation was studied on the Dasuopu Glacier located in the Mount Xixabangma (28°23’ N, 85°43’E) in the Himalayas. Snow pits and shallow ice cores are analyzed to reveal ice formation process. The results show that the ice formation process, or in other words, the process of densitification, on the col (7 000 m a.s.l. ) of the Dasuopu Glacier is a stable, slow and gradual process. The snow-ice transformation on the glacier is estimated to be 30—40 m below the surface. The temperature on the Dasuopu Glacier is very low (～ - 14℃ at 10 m) and similar to that in polar type ice cap. We,therefore, speculate that the process of snow-ice transformation is undertaken under snow pressure,and that there is a percolation zone on the Dasuopu Glacier. The high altitude of the col and monsoon snow fall accompnied by heavy cloud and high albedo favorite the percolation zone formation.

关键词： ice formation glacial accumulation Dasuopu Glacier.

Seasonal transition characteristics of the westerly jet: Study based on field observations at an altitude of 6900 m on the Mt. Xixiabangma Dasuopu glacier

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第18期56卷 1912-1920页

作者： LI ShengHai YAO TanDong tian lide WANG PengLing Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China National Climate Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

To better understand ultra-high-altitude climate characteristics and their changes, an automatic weather station was installed on August 4, 2005 on the Mt. Xixiabangma Dasuopu glacier (28°23.04′N, 85°43.72′E, 6900 m a.s.l.) in the middle of the Himalayas. Mountain weather conditions were observed continuously and automatically. This paper is the first to publish meteorological data for a whole year for a high-elevation region, and analyze wind direction, wind speed, air temperature, air pressure and humidity. Analysis of the observation data reveals that this region was strongly influenced by the westerly jet from October 10, 2005 to April 21, 2006 and by the Indian monsoon from May to September. The seasonal transitions of the westerly jet were characterized by changes in meteorological elements. In winter, influenced by the westerly jet, the wind speed in the study region was very high and fluctuated violently, gale days were frequent, temperature and air pressure fluctuated dramatically, the diurnal range of temperature decreased and the diurnal range of air pressure increased, relative humidity and specific humidity declined sharply, and air was dry. In summer, influenced by the Indian monsoon, the relative humidity and specific humidity were high. In addition, we analyzed reanalysis data for the location of the automatic weather station. The results confirmed that this region was strongly affected by the westerly jet from October 10, 2005 to April 21, 2006 and the observations that the seasonal transitions of the westerly jet were characterized by changes in meteorological elements.

关键词：高海拔地区西风急流达索普冰川希夏邦马峰季节转换基础研究相对湿度自动气象站

Isotopic composition of atmospheric water vapor before and after the monsoon＇s end in the Nagqu River Basin

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第23期50卷 2755-2760页

作者： YU Wusheng YAO Tandong tian lide WANG Yu YIN Changliang Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Atmospheric water vapor samples were col-lected in the Nagqu River Basin in the middle of Tibetan Plateau between August and October in 2004. Results show that there exist some fluctuations of the δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor, especially before and after the monsoon’s end. Moreover, the variety trend of the δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor inverse correlates with that of dew point. Precipitation events make an important effect upon the variation of δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor. During the whole sampling pe-riod, the δ 18O values of atmospheric water vapor are low while precipitation events occurred. The moisture origins also contribute to the variation of δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor. The oceanic moisture transported by the southwest monsoon results in lower δ18O of atmospheric water vapor in the Nagqu River Basin. Compared with the influence of the oceanic moisture, the δ 18O values, however, appear high re-sulting from the effect of the continental air mass in this re-gion.

关键词：那曲河流域西藏氧同位素大气水蒸气季风

Atmospheric Pb variations in Central Asia since 1955 from Muztagata ice core record, eastern Pamirs

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第16期51卷 1996-2000页

作者： LI Zhen YAO Tandong tian lide XU Baiqing LI Yuefang Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

A Muztagata ice core recovered at 7010 m altitude in East Pamirs provides a Pb concentration record from 1955 to 2000. The result reveals in- creasing Pb concentrations from 1955 to 1993, with two Pb concentration peaks in 1980 and 1993. After 1993, Pb concentrations in ice core show an obvi- ously declining trend. Analysis shows that the lead in the Muztagata ice core mainly came from anthropo- genic emissions from countries in Central Asia, while the local emission had little contribution.

关键词：冰核慕士塔格山铅大气中亚帕米尔高原

Seasonal variations of dust record in the Muztagata ice cores

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第16期53卷 2506-2512页

作者： WU GuangJian YAO TanDong XU BaiQing tian lide LI Zhen DUAN KeQin Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Based on the oxygen isotope ratio and microparticle record in ice cores recovered at Mt. Muztagata, Eastern Pamirs, the seasonal variations of atmospheric dust have been reconstructed for the past four decades. High dust concentrations and coarser particle grains have the similar trend with oxygen iso- tope value. Our statistical results indicate that 50%―60% high dust concentration samples occur dur- ing the season with high oxygen isotope values (summer), while low dust storm frequency during spring and winter. Back-trajectory analysis shows that the air mass hitting Muztagata predominately came from West Asia (such as Iran-Afghanistan Plateau) and Central Asia, which are the main dust source area for Muztagata. Dust storms in those source areas most frequently occur during summer (from May to August), while frequent dust storm events in northern China mainly occur during spring (March to May). Regions in the path of Asian dust transport, such as in Japan, the North Pacific, and Greenland, also show high dust concentrations during spring (from March to May). Our results indicate that dust storms have different seasonality in different regions within Asia.

关键词：灰尘季节变化冰层氧同位素

Recent high-resolution glaciochemical record from a Dasuopu firn core of middle Himalayas

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第3期53卷 418-425页

作者： WANG PengLing YAO TanDong tian lide WU GuangJian LI Zhen YANG Wei Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China National Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

A 16.8 m firn core of middle Himalayas was recovered on the col of Dasuopu glacier in August 2006,being 7000 m above sea level.A total of 317 samples were measured for stable oxygen isotope ratios(δ18O)and major ion concentrations(Na+,NH4+,K+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Cl?,SO42?,and NO3?).The firn core dating and seasonal partitioning were carried out based on the marked seasonal variations along the stable oxygen isotopes and crustal species(Ca2+,Mg2+)*** multi-parameters and high-resolution glaciochemical data set of Dasuopu firn core recorded the detailed chemical characteristics of pre-cipitation in high-elevation region,middle Himalayas,since 1991 A.D.,which mainly originated from the crustal and anthropogenic sources,while the sea-salt contribution was *** seasonal variability of major ion concentrations was dominated by the seasonal alternation of the prevalent air mass,at-mospheric circulation situation and precipitation *** regression analysis indicated that most of the variance in annual ionic fluxes can be explained by a linear dependence on snow accumu-lation rate.

关键词：喜马拉雅山脉季节变化南亚季风冰川冰芯

Chernobyl nuclear accident revealed from the 7010 m Muztagata ice core record

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第10期52卷 1436-1439页

作者： tian lide YAO TanDong WU GuangJian LI Zhen XU BaiQing LI YueFang Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The total activity variation with depth from a 41.6 m Muztagata ice core drilled at 7010 m, recorded not only the 1963 radioactive layer due to the thermonuclear test, but also clearly the radioactive peak released by the Chernobyl accident in 1986. This finding indicates that the Chernobyl nuclear accident was clearly recorded in alpine glaciers in the Pamirs of west China, and the layer can be potentially used for ice core dating in other high alpine glaciers in the surrounding regions.

关键词：切尔诺贝利核事故新疆慕士塔格山冰芯记录放射性

Seasonal variations of stable isotope in precipitation and moisture transport at Yushu,eastern Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2008年第8期51卷 1121-1128页

作者： tian lide MA LingLong YU WuSheng LIU ZhongFang YIN ChangLiang ZHAO ZhongPing TANG Wei WANG Yu Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

Precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau, shows strong fluctuation and lack of clear seasonality. The seasonal pattern of precipitation stable isotope at Yushu is apparently different from either that of the southwest monsoon region to the south or that of the inland region to the north. This different seasonal pattern probably reflects the shift of different moisture sources. In this paper, we present the spatial comparison of the seasonal patterns of precipitation δ 18O, and calculate the moisture transport flux by using the NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data. This allows us to discuss the relation between moisture transport flux and precipitation δ 18O. This study shows that both the southwest monsoon from south and inland air mass transport from north affected the seasonal precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Southwest monsoon brings the main part of the moisture, but southwest transport flux is weaker than in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau. However, contribution of the inland moisture from north or local evaporation moisture is enhanced. The combined effect is the strong fluctuation of summer precipitation δ 18O at Yushu and comparatively poor seasonality.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Yushu precipitation stable isotope moisture transport