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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam M.R.groh Moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton g.R.Wayne Moore Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

Mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Exact solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations by (g'/g)-expansion method

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Chinese Physics B 2013年第11期22卷 140-145页

作者： Ahmet Bekir zkan güner Eskisehir Osmangazi University Art-Science Faculty Department of Mathematics-Computer Dumlup nar University School of Applied Sciences Department of Management Information Systems

In this paper, we use the fractional complex transform and the （g＇/g）-expansion method to study the nonlinear fractional differential equations and find the exact solutions. The fractional complex transform is proposed to convert a partial fractional differential equation with Jumarie＇s modified Riemann-Liouville derivative into its ordinary differential equation. It is shown that the considered transform and method are very efficient and powerful in solving wide classes of nonlinear fractional order equations.

关键词： (g'/g)-expansion method time-fractional Burgers equation fractional-order biological popula-tion model space-time fractional Whitham-Broer-Kaup equations

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CLIMATIC CHANgE SINCE LITTLE ICE AgE RECORDED BY DUNDE ICE CAP

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Science China Chemistry 1991年第6期34卷 760-767页

作者：姚檀栋谢自楚武筱舲 L.g.thompson Lanzhou Institute of glaciology and geocryology. Academia Sinica. Lanzhou 730000 PRC Byrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University USA.

The climatic change since the Little Ice Age recorded in the Dunde Ice Cap is presentedin this paper. There have been three cold periods and three warm periods since *** them, the coldest one was in the 17th century. Many evidences verified the three coldand warm variations recorded in the Dundc Ice Cap. But it was found from the comparison between the Dunde Icc Cap climatic record and thewinter temperature record in Shanghai that there was a temporal dfference in climatic changebetween East China and West China. The general trend is that the cooling and warmingprocesses in West China were earlier than that in East China. In the Dunde Ice Cap, it isnow in an anomalous warm period, while it is not as warm as in Dunde Ice Cap recordaccording to the winter temperature in Shanghai. In addition to the possible cause of temporaldifference in climatic change between West China and East China, another possible cause isthat the greenhouse effect of CO_2 may already be recognizable in the Dunde Ice Cap arealocated in Western China in land of the middle latitude.

关键词： Dunde Ice Cap Little Iee Age climatic record difference in climatic change between West China and East China

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Projective Hilbert modules and sequential approximations

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Science China Mathematics 2025年第1期 137-168页

作者： Lawrence g.Brown Huaxin Lin Department of Mathematics Purdue University Department of Mathematics East China Normal University Department of Mathematics University of Oregon Shanghai Institute for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences

We show that when A is a separable C*-algebra,every countably generated Hilbert A-module is projective（with bounded module maps as morphisms）.We also study the approximate extensions of bounded module *** the case where A is a σ-unital simple C*-algebra with strict comparison,and every strictly positive lower semicontinuous affine function on quasitraces can be realized as the rank of an element in the Cuntz semigroup,we show that the Cuntz semigroup is equivalent to unitarily equivalent classes of countably generated Hilbert A-modules if and only if A has stable rank one.

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Concentration of nitrate in the guliya ice core from theQinghai-Xizang Plateau and the solar activity

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第10期43卷 841-844页

作者： Ninglian Wang Tandong Yao L. g. thompson Chinese Acad Sci Lanzhou Inst Glaciol & Geocryol Beijing 100864 Peoples R China Ohio State Univ Byrd Polar Res Ctr Columbus OH 43210 USA

The variations of NO\+-\-3 concentration in the guliya ice core are reconstructed for recent about 1 000 a. Spectrum analysis of NO\+-\-3 indicates significant periodicities in the variations of NO\+-\-3 concentration, which coincide with the periodicities of the solar activity. Therefore, a positive correlation between the variations of NO\+-\-3 concentration and the solar activity is found.

关键词： guliya ice core NO - 3 concentration solar activity.

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A multi-objective model for cordon-based congestion pricing schemes with nonlinear distance tolls

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第5期23卷 1273-1282页

作者：孙鑫刘志远 thompson Russell g 别一鸣翁金贤陈淑燕 School of Transportation Southeast University Department of Infrastructure Engineering the University of Melbourne School of Transportation Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology College of Transport and Communications Shanghai Maritime University

Congestion pricing is an important component of urban intelligent transport *** efficiency,equity and the environmental impacts associated with road pricing schemes are key issues that should be considered before such schemes are *** paper focuses on the cordon-based pricing with distance tolls,where the tolls are determined by a nonlinear function of a vehicles' travel distance within a cordon,termed as toll charge *** optimal tolls can give rise to:1) higher total social benefits,2) better levels of equity,and 3) reduced environmental impacts(e.g.,less emission).Firstly,a deterministic equilibrium(DUE) model with elastic demand is presented to evaluate any given toll charge *** distance tolls are non-additive,thus a modified path-based gradient projection algorithm is developed to solve the DUE ***,to quantitatively measure the equity level of each toll charge function,the gini coefficient is adopted to measure the equity level of the flows in the entire transport network based on equilibrium *** total emission level is used to reflect the impacts of distance tolls on the *** these two indexes/measurements for the efficiency,equity and environmental issues as well as the DUE model,a multi-objective bi-level programming model is then developed to determine optimal distance *** multi-objective model is converted to a single level model using the goal programming.A genetic algorithm(gA) is adopted to determine ***,a numerical example is presented to verify the methodology.

关键词： distance-based toll charging schemes equity path-based gradient projection algorithm non-additive goal programming

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Immobilization of Penicillin g Acylase on Calcined Layered Double Hydroxides

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2003年第3期19卷 324-329页

作者： Evans D.g. Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Controllable Chemical Reactions

A hydrotalcite-like Mg 2+ /Al 3+ layered double hydroxide(LDH) material was prepared by means of a modified coprecipitation method involving a rapid mixing step followed by a separate aging process. LDH calcined at 500 ℃, denoted as CLDH, was characterized by XRD, IR and BET surface area measurements. CLDH has a poor crystalline MgO-like structure with a high surface area and porosity. CLDH was used as a support for the immobilization of penicillin g acylase(PgA). The effect of varying the immobilization conditions, such as pH, contact time and the ratio of enzyme to support, on the activity of the immobilized enzyme in the hydrolysis of penicillin g has been studied. It was found that the activity of the immobilized enzyme decreased slightly with decreasing pH and reached a maximum after a contact time of 24 h. The activity of the immobilized enzyme increased with increasing the ratio of enzyme to support. It was found that the adsorption of PgA inhibited the expected reaction of CLDH with an aqueous medium to regenerate a LDH phase. Its original activity(36%) after 15 cycles of reuse of the immobilized enzyme was retained, but no further loss in the activity was observed.

关键词： Immobilized enzyme Penicillin g acylase Layered double hydroxide Calcination

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科技英语文摘

科技英语文摘

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作者： g.g.·索恩利(g.g. Thornley)

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Semi-Supervised Machine Learning for Fault Detection and Diagnosis of a Rooftop Unit

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2023年第2期6卷 170-184页

作者： Mohammed g.Albayati Jalal Faraj Amy thompson Prathamesh Patil Ravi gorthala Sanguthevar Rajasekaran Department of Mechanical Engineering School of EngineeringUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Tagliatela College of EngineeringUniversity of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516USA.

Most heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning(HVAC)systems operate with one or more faults that result in increased energy consumption and that could lead to system failure over ***,most building owners are performing reactive maintenance only and may be less concerned or less able to assess the health of the system until catastrophic failure *** is mainly because the building owners do not previously have good tools to detect and diagnose these faults,determine their impact,and act on *** available fault detection and diagnostics(FDD)tools have been developed to address this issue and have the potential to reduce equipment downtime,energy costs,maintenance costs,and improve occupant comfort and system ***,many of these tools require an in-depth knowledge of system behavior and thermodynamic principles to interpret the *** this paper,supervised and semi-supervised machine learning(ML)approaches are applied to datasets collected from an operating system in the field to develop new FDD methods and to help building owners see the value proposition of performing proactive *** study data was collected from one packaged rooftop unit(RTU)HVAC system running under normal operating conditions at an industrial facility in *** paper compares three different approaches for fault classification for a real-time operating RTU using semi-supervised learning,achieving accuracies as high as 95.7%using few-shot learning.

关键词： semi-supervised machine learning fault classification fault detection and diagnostics heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning data-driven modeling energy efficiency

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Drying characteristics and quality of bananas under infrared radiation heating

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2013年第3期6卷 58-70页

作者： Milly A.Pekke Zhongli Pan griffiths g.Atungulu gary Smith James F.thompson Department of Food Science and Technology University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Processed Foods Research Unit USDA-ARS Western Regional Research CenterAlbanyCA 94710USA Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Food Science University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72704USA

Hot air(HA)drying of banana has low drying efficiency and results in undesirable product *** objectives of this research were to investigate the feasibility of infrared(IR)heating to improve banana drying rate,evaluate quality of the dried product,and establish models for predicting drying *** slices of 5 mm and 8 mm thickness were dried with IR and HA at product temperatures of 60℃,70℃ and 80℃.Banana drying characteristics and changes in residual polyphenol oxidase(PPO),Hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF),color,moisture content(MC)and water activity during the treatments were *** showed that significant moisture reduction and higher drying rates were achieved with IR drying compared to HA drying in the early *** drying data could be fitted to the Page model for accurate prediction of MC change for IR and HA drying with mean R2 of *** was noted that enzyme inactivation occurred more quickly with IR than with HA drying.A unique response of PPO under IR and HA drying was *** heating of banana inactivated PPO within the first 20 min of drying at 60℃,70℃ and 80℃,while PPO was first activated before inactivation at 60℃ and 70℃ drying with *** highest HMF content occurred in banana slices with 5 mm thickness dried with IR at a product temperature of 80℃.It is therefore recommendable to dry banana with IR at product temperature of 70℃ or below to preserve the product *** findings are new and provide more insight in the application of IR heating for drying banana for improved drying rate and product quality.

关键词： drying banana infrared radiation hot air drying enzyme inactivation

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