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Volum.tric,Viscom.tric and Refractive Index Behaviors of α-Am.no Acids in Aqueous Caffeine Solution at Varying Tem.eratures

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物理化学学报 2007年第1期23卷 79-83页

作者： ALI Anwar SABIR S. tariq m. Departm.nt of Chem.stry Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University)New Delhi-110025 India

m.asurem.nts of density(ρ), viscosity(η), and refractive index(n), were carried out on α-am.no acids, DL-alanine (Ala), D-phenylalanine (Phe), and DL-threonine (Thr) (0.01-0.05 m.l·L-1), in 0.05 m.l·L-1 aqueous caffeine solution at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. These m.asurem.nts have been carried out to evaluate som. im.ortant param.ters, viz., apparent m.lar volum. (фυ), partial m.lar volum. (фυ0v), transfer volum. (фυ0v(tr)), viscosity A and B coefficients of Jones-Dole equation, free energies of activation per m.le of solvent (Δμ0#1) and solute (Δμ0#2), enthalpies (ΔH) and entropies (ΔS) of activation of viscous flow, variation of B with tem.erature (αB/αT)P, and m.lar refractive index (RD). These param.ters have been interpreted in term. of solute-solute and solute-solvent interactions and structure m.king/breaking ability of solutes in the given solution.

关键词：氨基酸咖啡因部分臼齿的体积粘性 B 系数折射索引

A Com.arison of Saudi Building Code with 1997 UBC for Provisions of m.dal Response Spectrum.Analysis Using a Real Building

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Open Journal of Earthquake Research 2017年第2期6卷 98-116页

作者： tariq m. Nahhas Civil Engineering Departm.nt Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia

The study uses an actual building to com.are the m.dal response spectrum.analysis results of Saudi Building Code (SBC) and the 1997 Uniform.Building Code (UBC) used in Saudi Arabia before the introduction of SBC. A sam.le of four buildings with reported analysis of com.arison between IBC and UBC is taken for confirm.ng the com.arison. Eight sam.le places from.SBC m.p for Saudi Arabia together with two sam.le places of high seism.c activity in USA were taken for the com.arisons. The study used software package ETABS in this study for m.deling and analysis. The results are dissim.lar from.the com.arisons reported for test places of USA. It is concluded that at m.st places SBC base shear is higher for both ELFP and m.SA. However, the results cannot be generalized and considered always right. The sam. is factual for overturning m.m.nts. Consequently, we cannot report that SBC is m.re conservative than UBC for all scenarios.

关键词： Seism.c Analysis Seism.c Design Building Codes Response Spectrum Building Structure

Fungal infection dynam.cs in response to tem.erature in the lepidopteran insect Galleria m.llonella

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 454-466页

作者： Vadim.Y. Kryukov Olga N. Yaroslavtseva m.randa m. A. Whitten m.ksim.V. Tyurin Katherine J. Ficken Carolyn Greig Nadja R. m.lo Viktor V. Glupov Ivan m. Dubovskiy tariq m. Butt Institute of System.tics and Ecology of Anim.ls Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science Novosibirsk Russia Institute of Life Science College of Medicine Swansea University Swansea Wales UK Departm.nt of Biosciences College of Science Swansea University Swansea Wales UK

This study exam.nes how the dynam.cs of fungus-insect interactions can be m.dulated by tem.erature. The wax m.th, Galleria m.llonella, is a well-studied and im.ortant m.del insect whose larvae in the wild develop optim.lly at around 34 ℃ in beehives. However, surprisingly little research on wax m.ths has been conducted at relevant tem.eratures. In this study, the entom.pathogenic fungus m.tarhizium.robertsii inflicted rapid and substantial m.rtality on wax m.th larvae m.intained at a constant tem.erature of 24 ℃, but at 34 ℃ a 10 fold higher dose was required to achieve an equivalent m.rtality. The cooler tem.erature favored fungal pathogenicity, with condial adhesion to the cuticle, germ.nation and hem.coel invasion all significantly enhanced at 24 ℃, com.ared with 34 ℃. The wax m.th larvae im.une responses altered with the tem.erature, and with the infective dose of the fungus. Enzym.-based im.une defenses （lysozym. and phenoloxidase） exhibited enhanced activity at the warm.r tem.erature. A dram.tic upregulation in the basal expression of galiom.cin and gallerim.cin was triggered by cooling, and this was augm.nted in the presence of the fungus. Profiling of the predom.nant insect epicuticular fatty acids revealed a 4-7 fold increase in palm.tic, oleic and linoleic acids in larvae m.intained at 24 ℃ com.ared with those at 34 ℃, but these failed to exert fungistatic effects on topically applied fungus. This study dem.nstrates the im.ortance of choosing environm.ntal conditions relevant to the habitat of the insect host when determ.ning the dynam.cs and outcom. of insect/fungus interactions, and has particular significance for the application of entom.pathogens as biocontrol agents.

关键词： biocontrol entom.pathogenic fungus im.unity m.tarhizium tem.erature

Developm.nt of Equivalent Virtual Instrum.nts to PLC Functions and Networks

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第3期4卷 172-180页

作者： m.ham.ad A. K. Alia tariq m. Younes m.ham.ad Abu Zalata 不详

This research is a continuation to our work which was published in [1]. Eight different tim.ng VIs are designed and tested. These include ON-Delay, OFF-Delay, Single Shot, Retriggerable m.nostable, and Accum.lative software-based tim.rs. Using hardware program.able counter/tim.r chip (DAQ-STC-24bit) and PCI m.O-16E-1 DAQ board, another two precise tim.rs are designed. At the end of the paper, for illustration purposes, an electro-pneum.tic drive system.was developed and controlled utilizing designed on-delay tim.rs VI functions. Results of experim.nt show com.lete coincidence between the PLC-based control and Virtual PLC-based program.results.

关键词： PLC Virtual PLC LabVIEW Program.able Tim.rs

A Design of a PID Self-Tuning Controller Using LabVIEW

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2011年第3期4卷 161-171页

作者： m.ham.ad A. K. Alia tariq m. Younes Shibel Al Subah 不详

In this paper a trial has been m.de to design a sim.le self-tuning LabVIEW-based PID controller. The controller uses an open-loop relay test, calculates the tuned param.ters in an open loop m.de of operation before it updates controller param.ters and runs the process as a closed-loop system. The controller reacts on a persistent offset error value as a result of load disturbance or a set point change. Practical results show that such a controller m.y be recom.ended to control a variety of industrial processes. A GUI was developed to facilitate control-m.de selection, the setting of controller param.ters, and the display of control system.variables. GUI m.kes it possible to put the controller in m.nual or self-tuning m.de.

关键词： PID Control m.nual Tuning Self-Tuning Open-Loop Relay Test Process Variable System Offset Error

金龟子绿僵菌附着胞分化及其与环腺苷酸cAm.的关联性研究(英文)

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菌物学报 2009年第5期28卷 712-717页

作者：段志兵高强吕丁丁石少华 BUTT tariq m. 王成树中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所上海200032 School of Biological Sciences University of Wales Swansea

寄主识别与附着胞分化是虫生真菌启动侵染过程的首要步骤。本文利用先前获得的金龟子绿僵菌基因缺失突变株与其野生型一起进行附着胞分化研究。接种后不同时间下的观察表明,绿僵菌突变株或野生型的附着胞既可以在萌发不久的芽管顶端形成... 详细信息

寄主识别与附着胞分化是虫生真菌启动侵染过程的首要步骤。本文利用先前获得的金龟子绿僵菌基因缺失突变株与其野生型一起进行附着胞分化研究。接种后不同时间下的观察表明,绿僵菌突变株或野生型的附着胞既可以在萌发不久的芽管顶端形成,也可以在伸长菌丝分支的顶端形成。与野生型不同的是,突变株附着胞的分化频率显著下降,附着胞周围也缺乏粘液层的产生。研究表明,绿僵菌的类枯草杆菌类体壁降解酶对于附着胞分化不产生影响,对体壁降解也非完全必需的。与突变株附着胞分化频率显著降低相对应,其胞内环腺苷酸cAm.水平显著下降,而添加外源cAm.能够显著增加其附着胞分化频率,说明绿僵菌cAm.信号途径对于调控附着胞分化起着重要的作用。

关键词：昆虫病原真菌体壁穿透粘液层类枯草杆菌蛋白酶

An Im.roved Perturb and Observe m.xim.m.Power Point Tracking Algorithm.for Photovoltaic Power System.

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Journal of m.dern Power System. and Clean Energy 2023年第4期11卷 1165-1175页

作者： Rasool Kahani m.hsin Jam.l m.tariq Iqbal Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John’sA1B 3X5Canada

This paper aim. to im.rove the perform.nce of the conventional perturb and observe(P&O)m.xim.m.power point tracking(m.PT)*** the oscillation around the m.xim.m.power point(m.P)is the m.in disadvantage of this technique,we introduce a m.dified P&O algorithm.to conquer this *** new algorithm.recognizes approaching the peak of the photovoltaic(PV)array power curve and prevents the oscillation around the *** key to achieve this goal is testing the change of output power in each cycle and com.aring it with the change in array term.nal power of the previous *** a decrease in array term.nal power is observed after an increase in the previous cycle or in the opposite direction,an increase in array term.nal power is observed after a decrease in the previous cycle;it m.ans we are at the peak of the power curve,so the duty cycle of the boost converter should rem.in the sam. as the previous ***,an optim.zed duty cycle is introduced,which is adjusted based on the operating point of PV ***,a DC-DC boost converter powered by a PV array sim.lator is used to test the proposed *** the irradiance changes,the proposed algorithm.produces an averageηm.PT of nearly 3.1%greater than that of the conventional P&O algorithm.and the increm.ntal conductance(In C)*** addition,under strong partial shading conditions and drift avoidance tests,the proposed algorithm.produces an averageηm.PT of nearly 9%and 8%greater than that of the conventional algorithm.,respectively.

关键词： Photovoltaic system m.xim.m.power point tracking(m.PT) perturb and observe(P&O) boost converter steady-state perform.nce

Effect of plant nutrition on aphid size, prey consum.tion, and life history characteristics of green lacewing

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Insect Science 2014年第1期21卷 74-82页

作者： m.ham.ad A. Aqueel Catherine m. Collins Abu-bakar m. Raza Shahbaz Ahm.d m.ham.ad tariq Sim.n R. Leather Division of Ecology & Evolution Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY United Kingdom Departm.nt of Entom.logy University College of Agriculture University of Sargodha Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the Punjab Punjab Departm.nt of Entom.logy PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi Rawalpindi Pakistan

Plant quality can directly and indirectly affect the third trophic level. The predation by all the instars of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea （S.）（Neuroptera： Chrysopidae） on the cereal aphids, Rhopalosiphum.padi （L.）, and Sitobion avenae （F.） at varying nitrogen fertilizer levels was calculated under laboratory conditions. Wheat plants were grown on four nitrogen fertilizer levels and aphids were fed on these plants and subsequently offered as food to the C. carnea. Aphid densities of 10, 30, and 90 were offered to first, second, and third instar larvae of green lacewing. Increased nitrogen application im.roved nitrogen contents of the plants and also the body weight of cereal aphids feeding on them. Aphid consum.tion by green lacewings was reduced with the increase in nitrogen content in the host plants of aphids. Predation of both aphid species by first, second, and third instars larvae of C. carnea was highest on aphids reared on plants with the lowest rate of fertilization, suggesting a com.ensatory consum.tion to overcom. reduced biom.ss （lower aphid size）. Total biom.ss devoured by C. carnea on all nitrogen fertilizer treatm.nts was not statistically different. Additionally, the heavier host prey influenced by the plant nutrition had an effect on the life history characteristics of green lacewings. The larval duration, pupal weight, pupal duration, fecundity, and m.le and fem.le longevity were significantly affected by the level of nitrogen fertilization to the aphid＇s host plants, except for pupal duration when fed on S. avenae. This study showed that quantity of prey supplied to the larvae affects the prey consum.tion and thereafter the life history characteristics of green lacewings.

关键词： Chrysoperla carnea host plant nutrition tritrophic interactions

Im.act of Accelerated Ultraviolet Weathering on Polym.ric Com.osite Insulators Under High Voltage DC Stress

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy System. 2022年第3期8卷 922-932页

作者： Israr Ullah m.ham.ad Am.n Haider Hussain m.tariq Nazir Faculty of Electrical Engineering Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and TechnologyTopiSwabiKPK23460Pakistan School of m.chanical and m.nufacturing Engineering University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Electrical Engineering and Telecom.unications University of New South Wales SydneyNSW 2052Australia

This study investigates the weatherability of room.tem.erature vulcanized(RTV)silicone rubber(SiR)and epoxybased m.terial specim.ns with a com.osition of different nano and m.cro fillers against the collegial effects of high voltage DC,UV and tem.erature *** power transm.ssion over long distances via HVDC is considered an econom.c option these days,so to ensure the system.reliability,it is also critical to investigate these insulators under DC stress along with other environm.ntal stresses(especially UV and tem.erature).For experim.ntation,com.osite sam.les *** epoxy(NE),epoxy with 15%m.cro SiO_(2)(Em.),epoxy with 5%nano SiO_(2)(ENS),neat SiR(NS),SiR with 15%m.cro SiO_(2)(Sm.)and SiR with 5%nano SiO_(2)(SNS)are fabricated and subjected to accelerated aging in a weather cham.er for 3,360 *** reveal that Sm. and SNS offer better hydrophobic behavior followed by *** noticeable surface discoloration in the form.of whitish shade with m.nor blackish spots is found in the case of Sm.,while rem.ining sam.les also showed considerable color *** electron m.croscopy(SEm.and Fourier Transform.Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)results showed that SNS and Sm. presented quite excellent resistance to the exposure of *** and weight of all specim.ns are evaluated throughout the experim.nt and particularly for the water im.ersion ***,leakage current analysis indicated that SNS and Sm. revealed high leakage current suppression com.are to other *** indicate that SNS and Sm. showed enhanced resistance against UV weathering under high voltage direct current stress.

关键词： Aging com.osites DC stress epoxy insulator UV SiR