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Trend of Storm Surge Induced by Typical Landfall Super Typhoons During 1975–2021 in the Eastern China Sea

Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第2期23卷 277-286页

作者： LUO Feng WANG Yi tao Aifeng SHI jian WANG Yongzhi ZHANG Chi College of Harbour Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Nantong Ocean and Coastal Engineering Research Institute Hohai UniversityNantong 226000China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal Disaster and Protection Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China The First Institute of Oceanography MNRQingdao 266061China

Climate change affects the activity of global and regional tropical cyclones(TCs).Among all TCs,typical super typhoons(STYs)are particularly devastating because they maintain their intensity when landing on the coast and thus cause casualties,economic losses,and environmental damage.Using a 3D tidal model,we reconstructed the typhoon(TY)wind field to simulate the storm surge induced by typical STYs.The TY activity was then analyzed using historical data.Results showed a downtrend of varying degrees in the annual frequency of STYs and TCs in the Western North Pacific(WNP)Basin,with a significant trend change observed for TCs from 1949 to 2021.A large difference in the interannual change in frequency was found between STYs and TCs in the WNP and Eastern China Sea(ECS).Along the coast of EC,the frequency of landfall TCs showed a weak downtrend,and the typical STYs showed reverse micro growth with peak activity in August.Zhejiang,Fujian,and Taiwan were highly vulnerable to the frontal hits of typical STYs.Affected by climate change,the average lifetime maximum intensity(LMI)locations and landfall locations of typical STYs in the ECS basin showed a significant poleward migration trend.In addition,the annual average LMI and accumulated cyclone energy showed an uptrend,indicating the increasing severity of the disaster risk.Affected by the typical STY activity in the ECS,the maximum storm surge area also showed poleward migration,and the coast of North China faced potential growth in high storm surge risks.

关键词： storm surge super typhoons tropical cyclones eastern China Sea poleward migration

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Predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in coronary chronic total occlusion patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 542-549页

作者： Qian LI Yue YU Ya-Qiong ZHOU Yi ZHAO Jin WU Yuan-Jing WU bin DU Pei-jian WANG tao ZHENG Department of Cardiovascular Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengduChina Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina

BACKGROUND The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)has been reported as a novel predictor for atherosclerosis and car-diovascular outcomes.This study aimed to determine the effects of NLR on long-term clinical outcomes of chronic total occlusion(CTO)patients.METHODS A total of 670 patients with CTO who met the inclusion criteria were included at the end of the follow-up period.Patients were divided into tertiles according to their baseline NLR levels at admission:low(n=223),intermediate(n=223),and high(n=224).The incidence of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)during the follow-up period,including all-cause death,nonfatal myocardial infarction(MI),or ischemia-driven revascularization,were compared among the three groups.RESULTS Major adverse cardiac events were observed in 27 patients(12.1%)in the low tertile,40(17.9%)in the intermediate tertile,and 61(27.2%)in the high NLR tertile(P<0.001).Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of MACE,ischemia-driven coronary revascularization,non-fatal MI,and mortality in patients within the high tertile than those in the low and intermediate groups(all P<0.001).Multivariable COX regression analysis showed that the high tertile of baseline NLR level showed a strong association with the risk of MACE(hazard ratio[HR]=2.21;95%confidence interval[CI]:1.21-4.03;P=0.009),ischemia-driven coronary revascularization(HR=3.19;95%CI:1.56-6.52;P=0.001),MI(HR=2.61;95%CI:1.35-5.03;P=0.043)and mortality(HR=3.78;95%CI:1.65-8.77;P=0.001).CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that NLR is an inexpensive and readily available biomarker that can independently pre-dict cardiovascular risk in patients with CTO.

关键词： patients coronary occlusion

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Role of savolitinib in advanced gastric adenocarcinoma with meningeal carcinomatosis and cerebellar metastasis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2636-2641页

作者： Zhi-Yun Weng Wen-Ye Huang bin-Kan Shi jian-Jia Pan Department of Hematology The Affiliated Yueqing Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityYueqing 325600Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Brain metastases(BM)are very rare in gastric adenocarcinoma(GaC),and patients with BMs have a higher mortality rate due to stronger tumor aggressiveness.However,its pathogenesis remains unclear.Genetic testing revealed cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor(MET)amplification.Therefore,treatment with savolitinib,a small molecule inhibitor of c-Met,was selected.CASE SUMMARY A 66-year-old woman was diagnosed with advanced GaC 6 months prior to presentation due to back pain.Cerebellar and meningeal metastases were observed during candonilimab combined with oxaliplatin and capecitabine therapy.The patient experienced frequent generalized seizures and persistent drowsiness in the emergency department.Genetic testing of cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood revealed increased MET amplification.After discussing treatment options with the patient,savolitinib tablets were administered.After a month of treatment,the intracranial lesions shrank considerably.CONCLUSION BM is very rare in advanced GaC,especially in meningeal cancer,that is characterized by rapid disease deterioration.There are very few effective treatment options available;however,technological breakthroughs in genomics have provided a basis for personalized treatment.Furthermore,MET amplification may be a key driver of BM in gastric cancer;however,this conclusion requires further investigation.

关键词： Cellular-mesenchymal epithelial transition factor receptor Savolitinib Meningeal carcinomatosis Gastric adenocarcinoma Case report

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Transcriptome sequencing reveals novel biomarkers and immune cell infiltration in esophageal tumorigenesis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1500-1513页

作者： jian-Rong Sun Dong-Mei Chen Rong Huang Rui-tao Wang Li-Qun Jia School of Clinical Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Oncology China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China

BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is one of the most common malignancies worldwide,and its development comprises a multistep process from intraepithelial neoplasia(IN)to carcinoma(CA).However,the critical regulators and underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown.AIM To explore the genes and infiltrating immune cells in the microenvironment that are associated with the multistage progression of ESCC to facilitate diagnosis and early intervention.METHODS A mouse model mimicking the multistage development of ESCC was established by providing warter containing 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4NQO)to C57BL/6 mice.Moreover,we established a control group without 4NQO treatment of mice.Then,transcriptome sequencing was performed for esophageal tissues from patients with different pathological statuses,including low-grade IN(LGIN),high-grade IN(HGIN),and CA,and controlled normal tissue(NOR)samples.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in the LGIN,HGIN,and CA groups,and the biological functions of the DEGs were analyzed via Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses.The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to detect the pattern of immune cell infilt-ration.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)was also conducted to validate our results.Finally,the Luminex multiplex cytokine analysis was utilized to measure the serum cytokine levels in the mice.RESULTS Compared with those in the NOR group,a total of 681541,and 840 DEGs were obtained in the LGIN,HGIN,and CA groups,respectively.Using the intersection of the three sets of DEGs,we identified 86 genes as key genes involved in the development of ESCC.Enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were enriched mainly in the keratinization,epidermal cell differentiation,and interleukin(IL)-17 signaling pathways.CIBERSORT analysis revealed that,compared with those in the NOR group,M0 and M1 macrophages in the 4NQO group showed stronger infiltration,which was validated by IHC.Serum cytokine analysis revealed that,compared with those i

关键词： Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Intraepithelial neoplasia Tumorigenesis Transcriptome sequencing Biomarkers Immune cell infiltration 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxid

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There discovery of alpine oak (Heterobalanus group, Quercus section Ilex, Fagaceae) fossils from Mount Shisha Pangma and its significance

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ACTA PETROLOGICA SINICA 2024年第5期40卷 1382-1393页

作者： Su, tao Liu, jia Chen, Linlin Huang, jian Zhang, Xinwen Wu, Feixiang Ni, Xijun Deng, tao Zhou, Zhekun Chengdu Univ Technol Inst Sedimentary Geol MNR Key Lab Deeptime Geog & Environm Reconstruct Chengdu 610059 Peoples R China Chengdu Univ Technol State Key Lab Oil & Gas Reservoir Geol & Exploita Chengdu 610059 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Xishuangbanna Trop Botan Garden CAS Key lab Trop Forest Ecol Mengla 666303 Peoples R China Univ Bristol Sch Geograph Sci Bristol BS8 1QU Avon England Chinese Acad Sci Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol CAS Key Lab Veribrate Evol & Human Origins Beijing 100044 Peoples R China

We reported alpine oak fossil leaves ( the Heterobalanus group, Quercus section Ilex, Fagaceae) rediscovered on Mount Shisha Pangma. According to twice field investigations, the fossil site is located at the front of the No. 5 glacier tongue on the south side of the Dasuopu Glacier at an altitude of about 5800m on the north slope of Shisha Pangma Peak. These fossils are from the siltstone interlayer dominated by sandy conglomerate in the lower part of the Yebokangjiale Group. These newly discovered fossil leaves have typical characteristics of alpine oaks, including oval or oblong leaf, thick and short petiole, entire or toothed leaf margin, and 5 similar to 6 pairs of secondary veins, which is completely consistent with the leaf morphology of alpine oaks from Mount Shisha Pangma reported previously. Through morphological comparison with living and fossil species in this group, as well as quantitative analysis combined with geometric morphometry, these fossil leaves from Mount Shisha Pangma were assigned to Quercus preguajavifolia tao. Alpine oaks may originate in southeastern margin of the Qinghai -Tibetan Plateau, then thrive locally and spread into regions nearby accompanying by the uplift of the plateau. The implication of alpine oak fossil leaves from Mount Shisha Pangma on paleoelevation needs to be further investigated due to the present wide range and the uncertainty of these fossils. The rediscovery of alpine oak fossils from Mount Shisha Pangma not only helps to clarify the specific layers bearing these fossils, but also further enriches the morphological characteristics of this fossil record and its systematic position. This discovery would provide important basis for better revealing the evolution of biodiversity and environmental changes in the middle part of the Himalaya during the Cenozoic.

关键词： Heterobalanus Leaf fossil Himalaya Mountain uplift Biodiversity Neogene LATE MIOCENE TIBETAN PLATEAU ELEVATION EXHUMATION EVOLUTION HIMALAYA OROGEN UPLIFT

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A direct electrochemical biosensor for rapid glucose detection based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages

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Rare Metals 2024年第5期43卷 2184-2192页

作者： Lan-Lan Li Yu Zhao Li-Jia Pan jian-bin Xu Yi Shi College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Agricultural University School of Electronic Science and Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Given the increasing number of diabetic patients,rapid and accurate detection of glucose in body fluids is critical.This study developed a direct electrochemical biosensor for glucose based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages （NCNCs）.NCNCs possess a large specific surface area of 1395 m2·g-1,a high N atomic content of 9.37%and good biocompatibility,which is favorable for enzyme loading and electron transfer.The surface average concentration of electroactive glucose oxidase on NCNCs was 2.82×10–10mol·cm-2.The NCNC-based direct electrochemical biosensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 13.7μA·(mmol·L-1)-1·cm-2,rapid response time of 5 s and an impressive electron-transferrate constant （ks） of 1.87 s-1.Furthermore,we investigated an NCNC-based direct electron transfer （DET） biosensor for sweat glucose detection,which demonstrated tremendous promise for non-invasive wearable diabetes diagnosis

关键词： Direct electron transfer (DET) Nitrogen-doped carbon nanocages (NCNCs) Glucose oxidase Biosensor

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Geological conditions and reservoir characteristics of various shales in major shalehosted regions of China

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China Geology 2024年第1期7卷 138-149页

作者： Shu-jing Bao Tian-xu Guo Jin-tao Yin Wei-bin Liu Sheng-jian Wang Hao-han Li Zhi Zhou Shi-zhen Li Xiang-lin Chen The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Petroleum Geology China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural Resources100083 BeijingChina Oil and Gas Survey China Geological Survey100083 BeijingChina Research Institute of Yanchang Petroleum(Group)CO.LTD 710076 Xi’anChina

China is home to shales of three facies:Marine shale,continental shale,and marine-continental transitional shale.Different types of shale gas are associated with significantly different formation conditions and major controlling factors.This study compared the geological characteristics of various shales and analyzed the influences of different parameters on the formation and accumulation of shale gas.In general,shales in China’s several regions exhibit high total organic carbon(TOC)contents,which lays a sound material basis for shale gas generation.Marine strata generally show high degrees of thermal evolution.In contrast,continental shales manifest low degrees of thermal evolution,necessitating focusing on areas with relatively high degrees of thermal evolution in the process of shale gas surveys for these shales.The shales of the Wufeng and Silurian formations constitute the most favorable shale gas reservoirs since they exhibit the highest porosity among the three types of shales.These shales are followed by those in the Niutitang and Longtan formations.In contrast,the shales of the Doushantuo,Yanchang,and Qingshankou formations manifest low porosities.Furthermore,the shales of the Wufeng and Longmaxi formations exhibit high brittle mineral contents.Despite a low siliceous mineral content,the shales of the Doushantuo Formation feature a high carbonate mineral content,which can increase the shales’brittleness to some extent.For marine-continental transitional shales,where thin interbeds of tight sandstone with unequal thicknesses are generally found,it is recommended that fracturing combined with drainage of multiple sets of lithologic strata should be employed to enhance their shale gas production.

关键词： Shale gas Marine shale Continental shale Marine-continental transitional shale Neoproterozoic-Cretaceous strata Geological conditions Reservoir characteristics Petroleum geological survey engineering

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Optimization of Extraction Process and in Vitro Activity Study of Total Sterols from Wild Pyracantha fortuneana Leaves in Yunnan

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Science and Technology of Food Industry 2024年第11期45卷 187-194页

作者： Liu, Weiliang Cai, jian Gao, Wenrong Zhu, Ling Lü, tao Yunnan Plateau Special Fruit Wine Technology Innovation and Application Engineering Research Center Qujing Normal University Qujing 655011 China

The objective of this study was to optimize the extraction process of total sterols from wild Pyracantha fortuneana leaves (WPFL), and explore their antioxidant and whitening activities. The yield of total sterols (WPFLTPS) was used as indicator, and the single factor experiment was used to investigate the effects of extraction solvent, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic temperature and ultrasonic time on the yield of WPFLTPS. Based on this, the orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the extraction conditions. The DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] and nitrite methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of WPFLTPS in vitro. The whitening activity was evaluated by the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. The results showed that for optimal extraction process of WPFLTPS, the extraction solvent was absolute ethanol, ultrasonic temperature was 50 ℃, solid-liquid ratio was 1:16 g/mL, and ultrasonic time was 25 minutes. Under these conditions, the yield of WPFLTPS was (11.00± 0.03) mg/g. In the range of 0.5~5 mg/mL, WPFLTPS had strong scavenging effects on DPPH radicals, ABTS+ radicals and nitrite ions, as well as a strong inhibitory effect on tyrosinase, demonstrating a good dose-response relationship. This extraction process was stable and reliable for extracting WPFLTPS. The WPFLTPS can be used as a new, natural antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor in functional foods. © 2024 Editorial Department of Science and Technology of Food Science. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antioxidants

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Formation and ecological response of sand patches in the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第2期16卷 298-313页

作者： DUN Yaoquan QU jianjun KANG Wenyan LI Minlan LIU bin WANG tao SHAO Mei Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest UniversityXi'an 710100China Zhongwei Works Section of China Railway Lanzhou Bureau Group Company Limited Zhongwei 755000China

The development of bare patches typically signifies a process of ecosystem degradation.Within the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou-Lanzhou railway,the extensive emergence of bare sand patches poses a threat to both stability and sustainability.However,there is limited knowledge regarding the morphology,dynamic changes,and ecological responses associated with these sand patches.Therefore,we analyzed the formation and development process of sand patches within the protection system and its effects on herbaceous vegetation growth and soil nutrients through field observation,survey,and indoor analysis methods.The results showed that sand patch development can be divided into three stages,i.e.,formation,expansion,and stabilization,which correspond to the initial,actively developing,and semi-fixed sand patches,respectively.The average dimensions of all sand patch erosional areas were found to be 7.72 m in length,3.91 m in width,and 0.32 m in depth.The actively developing sand patches were the largest,and the initial sand patches were the smallest.Throughout the stage of formation and expansion,the herbaceous community composition changed,and the plant density decreased by more than 50.95%.Moreover,the coverage and height of herbaceous plants decreased in the erosional area and slightly increased in the depositional lobe;and the fine particles and nutrients of soils in the erosional area and depositional lobe showed a decreasing trend.In the stabilization phases of sand patches,the area from the inlet to the bottom of sand patches becomes initially covered with crusts.Vegetation and 0-2 cm surface soil condition improved in the erosional area,but this improvement was not yet evident in the depositional lobe.Factors such as disturbance,climate change,and surface resistance to erosion exert notable influences on the formation and dynamics of sand patches.The results can provide evidence for the future treatment of sand patches and the management of the protection system of Shapotou section of the Baotou

关键词： railway protection system sand patch morphology vegetation characteristic soil property

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The clinical features and potential mechanisms of cognitive disorders in peripheral autoimmune and inflammatory diseases

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Fundamental Research 2024年第2期4卷 226-236页

作者： Ke-qi Fan tao Huang jian-shuai Yu Yi-yuan Li Jin Jin MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection and Life Sciences InstituteZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Gastroenterology Sir Run Shaw HospitalCollege of Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016China Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease Ministry of EducationInstitute of Life SciencesJiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical ResearchSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China

According to a study from World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease,mental and neurological disorders have accounted for 13%of global diseases in recent years and are on the rise.Neuropsychiatric conditions or neuroinflammatory disorders are linked by the presence of an exaggerated immune response both peripherally and in the central nervous system(CNS).Cognitive dysfunction(CD)encompasses a complex group of diseases and has frequently been described in the field of autoimmune diseases,especially in multiple non-CNS-related autoimmune diseases.Recent studies have provided various hypotheses regarding the occurrence of cognitive impairment in autoimmune diseases,including that abnormally activated immune cells can disrupt the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB)to trigger a central neuroinflammatory response.When the BBB is intact,autoantibodies and pro-inflammatory molecules in peripheral circulation can enter the brain to activate microglia,inducing CNS inflammation and CD.However,the mechanisms explaining the association between the immune system and neural function and their contribution to diseases are uncertain.In this review,we used clinical statistics to illustrate the correlation between CD and autoimmune diseases that do not directly affect the CNS,summarized the clinical features and mechanisms by which autoimmune diseases trigger cognitive impairment,and explored existing knowledge regarding the link between CD and autoimmune diseases from the perspective of the field of neuroimmunology.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Neuroinflammation Central nervous system dysfunction Autoantibodies Inflammatory cytokines

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