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Recent advances in vacancy engineering for reliable lithiumsulfur batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 455-477页

作者： Wen-Dong Liu Xiao tang Jun-An Feng Chao-Yue Zhang Hao Liu chuan shi Xiao-Xian Zhao Jian-Jun Song College of Physics School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao266071China Faculty of Science Centre for Clean Energy TechnologySchool of Mathematical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Technology SydneySydneyNSW2007Australia Department of Chemistry College of ScienceHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China

The high-energy-density and low-cost features endow lithium-sulfur batteries with broad application ***,many drawbacks,especially the detrimental shuttle effect,have hindered the further development of *** response,a lot of new structures have been applied to suppress the shuttle effect and promote the development of ***,vacancy engineering has gained the attention of researchers due to its unique electronic *** review aims to analyze the application of vacancy engineering in ***,the electrochemistry of LSBs has been systematically discussed and the existing challenges as well as improvement tactics of LSBs have also been ***,the preparation methods and characterization technologies of various vacancies are summarized,including oxygen vacancies,sulfur vacancies,selenium vacancies,other anion vacancies,cation vacancies,*** latest applications of vacancy engineering in LSBs are also summarized in this ***,some prospects and insights for further investigation and practical application of vacancy engineering in LSBs are put forward.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs) Defects Vacancy engineering Electronic structure Shuttle effect

Process metallurgy and data-driven prediction and feedback of blast furnace heat indicators

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1228-1240页

作者： Quan shi Jue tang Mansheng Chu School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Institute for Frontier Technologies of Low-carbon Steelmaking Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-carbon Steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

The prediction and control of furnace heat indicators are of great importance for improving the heat levels and conditions of the complex and difficult-to-operate hour-class delay blast furnace(BF)*** this work,a prediction and feedback model of furnace heat indicators based on the fusion of data-driven and BF ironmaking processes was *** data on raw and fuel materials,process op-eration,smelting state,and slag and iron discharge during the whole BF process comprised 171 variables with 9223 groups of data and were comprehensively analyzed.A novel method for the delay analysis of furnace heat indicators was *** extracted delay variables were found to play an important role in *** method that combined the genetic algorithm and stacking efficiently im-proved performance compared with the traditional machine learning algorithm in improving the hit ratio of the furnace heat prediction *** hit ratio for predicting the temperature of hot metal in the error range of±10℃ was 92.4%,and that for the chemical heat of hot metal in the error range of±0.1wt%was 93.3%.On the basis of the furnace heat prediction model and expert experience,a feedback model of furnace heat operation was established to obtain quantitative operation suggestions for stabilizing BF heat *** sugges-tions were highly accepted by BF ***,the comprehensive and dynamic model proposed in this work was successfully ap-plied in a practical BF *** improved the BF temperature level remarkably,increasing the furnace temperature stability rate from 54.9%to 84.9%.This improvement achieved considerable economic benefits.

关键词： blast furnace furnace heat genetic algorithm stacking prediction and feedback

Influence of Film Thickness on Nanofabrication of Graphene Oxide

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第2期7卷 13-25页

作者： chuan tang Lei Chen Linmao Qian Tribology Research Institute The State Key Laboratory of Rail Vehicle SystemSchool of Mechanical EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Nanofabrication of two-dimensional materials through mechanical machining is normally influenced by not only process parameters such as load and velocity but also intrinsic properties such as strength and ***,we examined the effects of graphene oxide(GO)film thickness on nanofabrication on the plane surfaces and at the step edges using scanning probe microscope *** material removal of GO initiates at the load above a critical value,which strongly depends on film thickness and *** the increase in film thickness,the critical load decreases monotonically on the plane surfaces but increases gradually at the step ***,the critical load for the GO monolayer at the step edges is at least 25 times lower than that on the plane surfaces,and the gap decreases to around 3 times when GO thickness increases to four ***,mechanical nanofabrication initiating from the GO step edge allows producing various nanopatterns under extremely low loads around 1 ***,the GO nanostructures are deoxidized by annealing at 800°C in high-purity argon to restore their highly functionalized conjugated structures,which are supported by X-ray diffraction and Raman *** work provides a novel approach to fabricating graphene-like nanostructures by deoxidizing GO after nanofabrication,which holds significant potential for applications in graphene-based devices.

关键词： Graphene oxide Nanofabrication Film thickness step edge Nanopattern Deoxidized treatment

Large magnetostriction of Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)/epoxy composites in a wide temperature range

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 705-709页

作者： Hehe Ding Yangguang shi Shaolong tang MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics Department of Applied PhysicsNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

We report the magnetostrictive performance of the Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)/epoxy *** of M?ssbauer spectra and the XRD results indicate that the easy magnetic direction of the Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)compound is alongdirection with spontaneous magnetostrictionλ111 of1900 ***-oriented Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)/epoxy composites with particle volume fractions of20 vol%-55 vol%were *** measurements demonstrate that the composite is highly *** raw material cost of Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)is about 85%of that of the Terfenol-D(Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7)Fe_(2))***_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)/epoxy composites possess comparable magnetostriction with those composites made of Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7)Fe_(2)*** room temperature,the magnetostrictionλ_Ⅱof the Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93)/epoxy composite reaches 420 ppm at a low field of 80 kA/m and about1000 ppm at 239 kA/*** addition,the composite exhibits a large saturation magnetostrictionλ_Ⅱover1200 ppm from 300 to 100 K,suggesting its potential applications as a low-cost magnetostrictive material in a wide temperature ***,the current study offers an opportunity to widen the operating temperature range of the magnetostrictive composite.

关键词： Magnetostrictive composite Nd_(0.2)Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.5)Fe_(1.93) Wide temperaturerange Laves phase Rare earths

Experimental study on the size effect on the equation of state of concretes under shock loading

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 160-167页

作者： Mei Li Jian Cui Yanchao shi Baijian tang Xin Chen Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structural Safety of the Ministry of Education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China School of Civil Engineering Suzhou University of Science and Technology1701 Binhe RoadSuzhou 215011JiangsuChina School of Civil Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China

Adopting the classical theory of hydrocodes,the constitutive relations of concretes are separated into an equation of state(EoS)which describes the volumetric behavior of concrete material and a strength model which depicts the shear properties of *** experiments on the EoS of concrete is always challenging due to the technical difficulties and equipment limitations,especially for the specimen size effect on the *** some researchers investigate the shock properties of concretes by fly-plate impact tests,the specimens used in their tests are usually in one *** this paper,the fly-plate impact tests on concrete specimens with different sizes are performed to investigate the size effect on the shock properties of concrete *** mechanical background of the size effect on the shock properties are revealed,which is related to the lateral rarefaction effect and the deviatoric stress produced in the *** to the tests results,the modified EoS considering the size effect on the shock properties of concrete are proposed,which the bulk modulus of concrete is unpredicted by up to 20% if size effects are not accounted for.

关键词： Concrete Equation of state Size effect Shock wave Fly-plate impact test

Development of small molecule drugs targeting immune checkpoints

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第5期21卷 382-399页

作者： Luoyi Chen Xinchen Zhao Xiaowei Liu Yujie Ouyang chuan Xu Ying shi Department of Oncology Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China Institute for Breast Health Medicine State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Acupuncture and Massage College Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengdu 611137China

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are used to relieve and refuel anti-tumor immunity by blocking the interaction,transcription,and translation of co-inhibitory immune checkpoints or degrading co-inhibitory immune *** of small molecule drugs or biological materials,especially antibody-based ICIs,are actively being studied and antibodies are currently widely ***,such as anti-tumor efficacy,poor membrane permeability,and unneglected tolerance issues of antibody-based ICIs,remain evident but are thought to be overcome by small molecule *** structural studies have broadened the scope of candidate immune checkpoint molecules,as well as innovative chemical *** way of comparison,small molecule drug-based ICIs represent superior oral bioavailability and favorable pharmacokinetic *** ongoing clinical trials are exploring the synergetic effect of ICIs and other therapeutic strategies based on multiple ICI functions,including immune regulation,anti-angiogenesis,and cell cycle *** this review we summarized the current progression of small molecule ICIs and the mechanism underlying immune checkpoint proteins,which will lay the foundation for further exploration.

关键词： Immune checkpoints small molecule drugs programmed death protein 1 CD47 signal-regulatory proteinα

Simulation study of the performance of the Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第9期35卷 1-17页

作者： Xu Pan Wei Jiang chuan Yue shi-Jun Lei Yu-Xin Cui Qiang Yuan Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

The Very Large Area gamma-ray Space Telescope(VLAST)is a mission concept proposed to detect gamma-ray photons through both Compton scattering and electron–positron pair production mechanisms,thus enabling the detection of photons with energies ranging from MeV to *** project aims to conduct a comprehensive survey of the gamma-ray sky from a low-Earth orbit using an anti-coincidence detector,a tracker detector that also serves as a low-energy calorimeter,and a high-energy imaging *** developed a Monte Carlo simulation application of the detector using the GEANT4 toolkit to evaluate the instrument performance,including the effective area,angular resolution,and energy resolution,and explored specific optimizations of the detector *** simulation-based analysis indicates that the current design of the VLAST is physically feasible,with an acceptance above 10 m^(2)sr which is four times larger than that of the Fermi-LAT,an energy resolution better than 2%at 10 GeV,and an angular resolution better than 0.2◦at 10 *** VLAST project promises to make significant contributions to the field of gamma-ray astronomy and enhance our understanding of the cosmos.

关键词： Space astronomy Gamma-ray telescope Calorimeter Monte Carlo simulation

Glaucoma surgery experiments using digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography and OCT-compatible instruments

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 105-113页

作者： Tianliang Jiang Jinyu Fan Ning tang Yi He Guohua shi School of Biomedical Engineering(Suzhou)Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R.China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Science Suzhou 215163P.R.China

There is a certain failure rate in traditional glaucoma surgery because of the lack of depth information in microscope *** this work,we present a digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography(MIOCT)system and several custom-made OCT-compatible instruments for glaucoma *** ophthalmologists were asked to perform trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on live porcine eyes using the system and *** surgery,a subjective feedback survey about the user experience was *** experiment results showed that our system can help surgeons easily locate important tissue structures during *** custom-made instruments also solved the shadowing problem in OCT *** preferred to use the system in their future practice.

关键词： Microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography OCT-compatible instruments glaucoma surgery trabeculectomy canaloplasty

The relationship between interannual dry/wet changes and nomadic wars in the Hexi Corridor region of China during the period 241–1912 A.D.

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1922-1931页

作者： Fei tang Zhilin shi Qinhua TIAN Xiaogang DU Yong ZHANG Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Institute of Dunhuang Studies Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China National Climate Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Longchanghe Station Gansu Qilian Mountain National Nature ReserveZhangye 734400China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The link between climate and war has long been a topic of great scientific and social *** this study,we investigate the influence of climate on warfare in China’s Hexi Corridor region since 241 *** the superposed epoch analysis of tree-ring data and historical war data,we observe a notable correlation between interannual dry-wet variations and wars instigated by nomadic groups in the Hexi ***,this relationship is dynamic and influenced by the region’s relative *** periods in which the Hexi Corridor was ruled by multiple regimes,wars tended to follow dry climatic conditions,which may be due to the fact that unusual drought during these periods likely heightened competition for resources and ***,during times of regional unity,wars were more likely to occur when climatic conditions were wet because the expansion of rangelands and the accumulation of resources helped fuel the nomads’outward *** findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between war and climate *** gain a more comprehensive understanding of this relationship,continuous,high-resolution historical temperature and humidity datasets with broader and more uniform coverage are needed across multiple *** addition,collecting and examining disaggregated historical war data for regions with distinct characteristics is essential.

关键词： Drought Interannual dry and wet variations War The Hexi Corridor Tree ring Nomadic groups