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Ionization Engineering of Hydrogels Enables Highly Efficient Salt‑Impeded Solar Evaporation and Night‑Time Electricity Harvesting

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 131-146页

作者： Nan He Haonan Wang Haotian Zhang Bo Jiang dawei tang Lin Li School of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024People’s Republic of China

Interfacial solar evaporation holds immense potential for brine desalination with low carbon footprints and high energy utilization.Hydrogels,as a tunable material platform from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale,have been considered the most promising candidate for solar evaporation.However,the simultaneous achievement of high evaporation efficiency and satisfactory tolerance to salt ions in brine remains a challenging scientific bottleneck,restricting the widespread application.Herein,we report ionization engineering,which endows polymer chains of hydrogels with electronegativity for impeding salt ions and activating water molecules,fundamentally overcoming the hydrogel salt-impeded challenge and dramatically expediting water evaporating in brine.The sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate-modified carbon black is chosen as the solar absorbers.The hydrogel reaches a ground-breaking evaporation rate of 2.9 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt%brine with 95.6%efficiency under one sun irradiation,surpassing most of the reported literature.More notably,such a hydrogel-based evaporator enables extracting clean water from oversaturated salt solutions and maintains durability under different high-strength deformation or a 15-day continuous operation.Meantime,on the basis of the cation selectivity induced by the electronegativity,we first propose an all-day system that evaporates during the day and generates salinity-gradient electricity using waste-evaporated brine at night,anticipating pioneer a new opportunity for all-day resource-generating systems in fields of freshwater and electricity.

关键词： Solar evaporation Hydrogel evaporators Salt impeding Ionization engineering Cyclic vapor-electricity generation

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Experimental Investigations on Thermal Transport Properties of Nanoscale-Graphite-Film

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第4期31卷 1008-1015页

作者： ZHOU Jing SHI Changrui ZHANG Zhongyin FAN Xuanhui LING Zheng ZHU Jie tang dawei School of Energy and Power Engineering Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of EducationDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

Accurately and directly characterizing the thermal properties of graphene and thin-graphite films(GFs)is of fundamental importance for understanding the heat transport mechanism and of practical interest in possible applications of thermal management.However,due to the lack of experiment data,the mechanism of the thickness dependence of GFs thermal properties has not been fully understood yet.In this study,a 90-nm-thick GF is characterized by the time-domain thermoreflectance method,and the obtained GFs in-plane thermal conductivity and interfacial thermal conductance between GFs and gold are(1354±297)W/(m·K)and(38±6)MW/(m^(2)·K),respectively.Two theoretical models are also applied for comparison and discussion,and we conclude that the influence from the surface perturbation by supporting materials on the phonon transport of graphite nano-films will beyond the near surface layers to the more inner ones.This work not only provides a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the thermal transport size effect in GFs,but also facilitates the possible applications of GFs as heat spreaders in the future.

关键词： nanoscale graphite thin film thermal conductivity interface thermal conductance

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An Ultra-wideband Doubler Chain With 43–65dBc Fundamental Rejection in Ku/K/Ka Band

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年

作者： Long WANG Jixin CHEN Debin HOU Xiaojie XU Zekun LI dawei tang Rui ZHOU Hao QI Yu XIANG State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Misic Microelectronics Co.Ltd.

In this paper, a double-balanced doubler chain with >43-d Bc fundamental rejection over an ultra-wide bandwidth in 0.13-μm SiGe BiCMOS technology is proposed. To achieve high fundamental rejection, high output power, and high conversion gain over an ultra-wideband, a double-balanced doubler chain with pre-and post-drivers employs a bandwidth broadening technique and a ground shielding strategy. Analysis and comparison of single-balanced and double-balanced doublers were conducted, focusing on their fundamental rejection and circuit imbalance.Three doublers, a passive single-balanced doubler, an active single-balanced doubler, and a passive double-balanced doubler, were designed to verify the performance and characteristics of the single-and double-balanced doublers.Measurements show that the proposed double-balanced doubler chain has about 15-dB better fundamental rejection,and over more than twice the relative bandwidth compared to the single-balanced doubler chain fabricated with the same process. Over an 86.9% 3-dB bandwidth from 13.4 to 34 GHz, the double-balanced doubler chain delivers 14.7-d Bm peak output power and >43-/33-d Bc fundamental/third-harmonic rejection. To the authors' best knowledge, the proposed double-balanced doubler chain shows the highest fundamental rejection over an ultra-wideband among silicon-based doublers at millimeter-wave frequency bands.

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Development and Test of Combustion Chamber for Stirling Engine Heated by Natural Gas

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Journal of Thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 196-201页

作者： LI Tie SONG Xiange GUI Xiaohong tang dawei LI Zhigang CAO Wenyu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing International Studies University

燃烧房间是为天然气加热的 Stirling 引擎的一个重要部件。在纸，我们为试图产生 35 kWe 电力的 Stirling 引擎开发一个燃烧房间。燃烧房间包括三个主要部件：燃烧模块，热交换洞和热头。它的特征是结构能把燃烧过程和热转移过程划分成... 详细信息

燃烧房间是为天然气加热的 Stirling 引擎的一个重要部件。在纸，我们为试图产生 35 kWe 电力的 Stirling 引擎开发一个燃烧房间。燃烧房间包括三个主要部件：燃烧模块，热交换洞和热头。它的特征是结构能把燃烧过程和热转移过程划分成二明显的单个步并且让他们一个一个地发生。因为天然气能在烧前充分与空气混合，没有第二风，燃烧过程能容易被完成。火焰能避免联系 Stirling 引擎，和温度的热头地能容易被控制。设计燃烧房间被生产，它的表演被包括二步的一个实验测试。第一步的试验性的结果证明空气和天然气的混合能容易被点燃，火焰稳定地烧。在实验的第二步，燃烧热流动能到达 20 kW，并且热头的精力利用效率超过了 0.5。这些测试结果证明燃烧房间的热表演到达了设计目标。设计燃烧房间能被用于是产生 35 kWe 电力的天然气加热的一台真实 Stirling 引擎。

关键词：斯特林发动机燃烧室天然气加热试验开发热打印头设计目标

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Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Porous Structure: Effect of Morphology on Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer Coefficient

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第2期30卷 363-393页

作者： ZHAO Jiafei SUN Mingrui ZHANG Lunxiang HU Chengzhi tang dawei YANG Lei SONG Yongchen Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China

A light-weight structure with sufficient mechanical strength and heat transfer performance is increasingly required for some thermal management issues.The porous structure with the skeleton supporting the ambient stress and the pores holding the flowing fluid is considered very promising,attracting significant scientific and industrial interest over the past few decades.However,due to complicated morphology of the porous matrices and thereby various performance of the pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients (HTC),the comprehensive comparison and evaluation between different structures are largely unclear.In this work,recent researches on the efforts of forced convection heat transfer in light-weight porous structure are reviewed;special interest is placed in the open-cell foam,lattice-frame,structured packed bed,and wire-woven structures.Their experimental apparatus,morphological of the porous structures,effect of morphology on pressure drop and HTC,and further applications are discussed.The new method which measure morphology accurately should be paid more attention to develop more accuracy correlation.Also,the most research focused on low Reynolds number and existing structure,while very few researchers investigated the property of forced convection heat transfer in high velocity region and developed new porous structure.

关键词： forced convection heat transfer heat transfer coefficient pressure drop morphological characteristics porous structure

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Correlation Analysis of Transient Heat Transfer Characteristics for Air Precooling Aggregate

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第2期26卷 144-152页

作者： GUO Chaohong ZENG Miao LU Fei tang dawei GUAN Wei LI Li FU Tingwu Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power Construction Corporation of China

In dam works, air precooling of aggregate is a common and effective method to avoid temperature cracks in concrete structure. In order to offer a reliable design theory for the air precooling process to avoid unreasonable energy consumption, the transient heat transfer characteristics of the aggregate are intensively analyzed. The combined structure of the aggregate and the interstitial space in the hopper is treated as a porous structure, and the space-average method is used to simulate the transient heat transfer process. Simulation results show that size of the hopper and the average air velocity in the cross section have great influence on the transient heat transfer process of the aggregate, while the porosity in the range of 0.4-0.5 has little influence. Nomograms are abstracted from simulation results, and then correlations of the compared excess temperature are precisely fitted to predict the air precooling transient heat transfer process of the aggregate.

关键词：空气预冷传热特性冷骨料相关性分析瞬态传热过程仿真结果混凝土结构

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蒸发驱动水伏发电中的热质传递

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中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学 2024年第2期54卷 111-115页

作者：董桐宇贺楠王昊楠唐大伟李林大连理工大学能源与动力学院大连116024

蒸发驱动的水伏发电是一种新兴的能量转化技术.亲水多孔纳米材料被浸入水中时,水分子与之相互作用,在纳米通道内形成连续的水流,并携带与通道表面电性相反的离子定向移动,在通道两端形成电势差.然而,水伏发电较低的性能仍是该领域所面... 详细信息

蒸发驱动的水伏发电是一种新兴的能量转化技术.亲水多孔纳米材料被浸入水中时,水分子与之相互作用,在纳米通道内形成连续的水流,并携带与通道表面电性相反的离子定向移动,在通道两端形成电势差.然而,水伏发电较低的性能仍是该领域所面临的严峻挑战之一.本文分析了蒸发驱动的水伏发电技术的机理,并总结了提高蒸发驱动的水伏发电器件电学输出性能的策略,最后展望了该领域的挑战与前景.

关键词：水蒸发水伏发电效应热质传递能量转化

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基于无人机的城市暴雨洪水危险性评价研究

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水利技术监督 2024年第2期 60-63,112页

作者：唐大伟蒋志昊毛学谦江苏省水文水资源勘测局常州分局江苏常州213000 江苏省水利科学研究院江苏南京210000

城镇化时代,对城市暴雨洪水问题尤应重视。为提高城市雨洪危险性评估质量,文章基于无人机倾斜摄影和三维建模,结合空间分析,提出一种新型城市雨洪风险评估模型,并设计实验与验证的可行性。实验对比了空三前与空三后的影像精度,发现存在3... 详细信息

城镇化时代,对城市暴雨洪水问题尤应重视。为提高城市雨洪危险性评估质量,文章基于无人机倾斜摄影和三维建模,结合空间分析,提出一种新型城市雨洪风险评估模型,并设计实验与验证的可行性。实验对比了空三前与空三后的影像精度,发现存在3D误差、水平误差和垂直误差。研究雨洪风险评估模型,整体误差为0.0131,对比模型误差为0.0768。研究结果表明,此次设计城市雨洪风险评估,有良好的危险性评估能力与研究价值。

关键词：无人机遥感城市暴雨风险评估三维建模倾斜摄影水利信息化

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An artificial viscosity augmented physics-informed neural network for incompressible flow

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第7期44卷 1101-1110页

作者： Yichuan HE Zhicheng WANG Hui XIANG Xiaomo JIANG dawei tang Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024Liaoning ProvinceChina *** Times Technology(Beijing)Co. Ltd.Beijing 100080China

Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)are proved methods that are effective in solving some strongly nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs),e.g.,Navier-Stokes equations,with a small amount of boundary or interior data.However,the feasibility of applying PINNs to the flow at moderate or high Reynolds numbers has rarely been reported.The present paper proposes an artificial viscosity(AV)-based PINN for solving the forward and inverse flow problems.Specifically,the AV used in PINNs is inspired by the entropy viscosity method developed in conventional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to stabilize the simulation of flow at high Reynolds numbers.The newly developed PINN is used to solve the forward problem of the two-dimensional steady cavity flow at Re=1000 and the inverse problem derived from two-dimensional film boiling.The results show that the AV augmented PINN can solve both problems with good accuracy and substantially reduce the inference errors in the forward problem.

关键词： physics-informed neural network(PINN) artificial viscosity(AV) cavity driven flow high Reynolds number

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基于影像组学预测肝细胞癌诊疗及预后评估的研究进展

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分子影像学杂志 2024年第4期47卷 438-444页

作者：朱莉杉唐大伟蔡晓钧李菁湖南中医药大学医学院湖南长沙410000 湖南中医药大学第一中医临床学院湖南长沙410007 湖南中医药大学第一附属医院肿瘤科湖南长沙410007

作为全球最普遍的癌症之一的肝细胞癌(HCC),存在着复发率高、预后较差等问题。影像组学是一种拥有巨大潜力的新兴交叉学科,因其能无创获取肿瘤异质性信息而在HCC等癌症的诊疗及预后评估上具有广阔的应用前景。本文将从影像组学的工作流... 详细信息

作为全球最普遍的癌症之一的肝细胞癌(HCC),存在着复发率高、预后较差等问题。影像组学是一种拥有巨大潜力的新兴交叉学科,因其能无创获取肿瘤异质性信息而在HCC等癌症的诊疗及预后评估上具有广阔的应用前景。本文将从影像组学的工作流程,以及其在HCC的鉴别诊断、病理分级、免疫组化标记物的术前预测、预后预测和疗效评估等方面展开综述,并总结影像组学技术尚存在的局限及未来的发展方向,通过梳理影像组学在HCC诊疗及预后评估上的最新研究进展,旨在为未来HCC的诊治提供新的参考和思路。

关键词：肝细胞癌影像组学鉴别诊断预后评估

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