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Yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and its production strategies

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第5期16卷 1009-1017页

作者： HUANG Min tang Qi-yuan AO He-jun ZOU Ying-bin Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops(CICGO) Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128P.R.China

China＇s Super Hybrid Rice Breeding Program has made significant progress over the past two decades. In this paper, we reviewed our studies on the yield potential and stability in super hybrid rice and discussed the strategies for super hybrid rice production. The results of our studies show that rice yield potential has been increased by 12% in super hybrid cultivars as compared with ordinary hybrid and inbred cultivars. The higher grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars are attributed to larger panicle size coupled with higher biomass production or higher harvest index. However, grain yields in super hybrid rice cultivars vary widely among locations depending on soil and climatic factors. Therefore, it is important to tailor target yield to local conditions in super hybrid rice production. The target yield for super hybrid rice production can be determined by the average yield method or the regression model method. Improving soil quality is critical to achieving the target yield in super hybrid rice production. Favorable crop rotations such as rice-oilseed rape and novel soil management practices, such as biochar addition, are effective approaches to improve soil quality. It is needed to develop simplified cultivation tech- nologies for super hybrid rice to meet the changes in socioeconomic environments during the period of transition. There are such technologies as no-tillage direct seeding and mechanized transplanting at high hill density with single seedling per hill.

关键词： mechanized transplanting no-tillage direct seeding super hybrid rice target yield yield potential yield stability

Tris(Znsalen) cryptand minimizes Znsalen aggregation arising from intermolecular Zn…O interaction

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第8期26卷 937-941页

作者： Jing Lai Xian-Sheng Ke Juan tang Jun-Long Zhang College of Chemistry and Environmental Science Hebei University Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University

Exploring the factors to control Znsalen aggregation is of importance to design functional materials in catalysis, optical materials and biological imaging. In this work, we synthesized and characterized four cryptand type tri Znsalen complexes and found that cryptand structure could efficiently minimize intermolecular Zn…O interaction. More importantly, encapsulated by PLGA nanoparticles, cryptand tri Znsalen 1 displayed visible intracellular fluorescence whereas monomeric Znsalen 5 could not. These results provide a new access to design new luminescent materials with the potential application in optics and biological studies.

关键词： intermolecular O interaction Tris Znsalen aggregation complexes diamine catalysis luminescent PLGA

Low-Frequency Waves in Cold Three-Component Plasmas

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Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第9期18卷 897-901页

作者： FU Qiang tang Ying ZHAO Jinsong LU Jianyong lInstitute of Space Weather School of Math ＆ Statistics Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology Nanjing 210044 China 2Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

The dispersion relation and electromagnetic polarization of the plasma waves are comprehensively studied in cold electron, proton, and heavy charged particle plasmas. Three modes are classified as the fast, intermediate, and slow mode waves according to different phase velocities. When plasmas contain positively-charged particles, the fast and intermediate modes can interact at the small propagating angles, whereas the two modes are separate at the large propagating angles. The near-parallel intermediate and slow waves experience the linear polarization, circular polarization, and linear polarization again, with the increasing wave number. The wave number regime corresponding to the above circular polarization shrinks as the propagating angle increases. Moreover, the fast and intermediate modes cause the reverse change of the electromagnetic polarization at the special wave number. While the heavy particles carry the negative charges, the dispersion relations of the fast and intermediate modes are always separate, being independent of the propagating angles. Furthermore, this study gives new expressions of the three resonance frequencies corresponding to the highly-oblique propagation waves in the general three-component plasmas, and shows the dependence of the resonance frequencies on the propagating angle, the concentration of the heavy particle, and the mass ratio among different kinds of particles.

关键词： three-component plasma plasma wave dispersion relation electromagneticpolarization

A Range Adjusted Measure of Super-Efficiency in Integer-Valued Data Envelopment Analysis with Undesirable Outputs

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2021年第4期9卷 378-398页

作者： Chunhua CHEN Haohua LIU Lijun tang Jianwei REN School of Business Administration Jiangxi University of Finance and EconomicsNanchang 330013China Inner Mongolia Branch of Agricultural Bank of China Hohhot 010010China Plymouth Business School University of PlymouthPlymouth PL4SAAUnited Kingdom Transportation Institute Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010070China School of Mathematical Sciences Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010010China

DEA(data envelopment analysis) models can be divided into two groups: Radial DEA and non-radial DEA, and the latter has higher discriminatory power than the former. The range adjusted measure(RAM) is an effective and widely used non-radial DEA approach. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no literature on the integer-valued super-efficiency RAM-DEA model,especially when undesirable outputs are included. We first propose an integer-valued RAM-DEA mode with undesirable outputs and then extend this model to an integer-valued super-efficiency RAM-DEA model with undesirable outputs. Compared with other DEA models, the two novel models have many advantages: 1) They are non-oriented and non-radial DEA models, which enable decision makers to simultaneously and non-proportionally improve inputs and outputs;2) They can handle integer-valued variables and undesirable outputs, so the results obtained are more reliable;3) The results can be easily obtained as it is based on linear programming;4) The integer-valued super-efficiency RAM-DEA model with undesirable outputs can be used to accurately rank efficient DMUs. The proposed models are applied to evaluate the efficiency of China’s regional transportation systems(RTSs) considering the number of transport accidents(an undesirable output). The results help decision makers improve the performance of inefficient RTSs and analyze the strengths of efficient RTSs.

关键词： DEA range adjusted measure(RAM) super-efficiency undesirable outputs transport

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRONS IN HELIUM GLOW DISCHARGE

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Chinese Physics Letters 1990年第7期7卷 292-295页

作者： tang Xiaowei CAO Jinxiang LIN Xianghong BIAN Zuhe JIANG Yong Department of Modem Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026 also Institute of High Energy Physics Academia SinicaBeijing 100039

An experiment dealing with Pauli's exclusion principle was carried out by using a glow discharge *** main purpose of the experiment is to examine the possibility of existence of anomalous electrons by measuring the characteristic K X-rays of the anode *** electrons in helium glow discharge collected by the metal anode will be captured to the inner shell if they are not identical with the electrons of the anode *** experimental results show that the properties of the electrons both in helium glow discharge and metal atom are identical.

关键词： identical dealing inner

Microstructure and Tribological Behavior of Cr-Cu-N Coatings Deposited by Ion Beam Assisted Magnetron Sputtering

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稀有金属材料与工程 2012年第S1期41卷 355-358页

作者： Tian Linhai Zhang Yang Yang Yaojun Zhu Xiaodong tang Bin Taiyuan Univ Technol Res Inst Surface Engn Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat Xian 710049 Peoples R China

Cr-Cu-N coatings with copper content from 0 at%to 6.8 at%were deposited on silicon and M2 steel by ion beam assisted magnetron *** microstructure and composition of the coatings were characterized using SEM,GDOES,XRD and *** mechanical properties of the coatings were tested on a standard hardness *** tribological behavior of the coatings in dry wear condition was studied by means of ball-on-disc wear *** experimental results show that addition of copper can restrict the columnar crystal growing to a certain *** and XPS analysis indicate that coatings are mainly composed of Cr and CrN *** is mainly existed in a free state in the *** adding has no obvious effects on the hardness of the ***,the coatings fracture toughness can be improved by doped *** coefficient of friction of the coatings against bearing steel is in the range of 0.25-0.6 changing with the copper *** coating with 2.6 at%copper shows the lowest coefficient of friction about 0.25 and wear rate which is about one tenth of that of the coating with 6.8 at%*** higher coefficient of friction and wear rate of the coating with 6.8at%copper may be attributed to its lower bonding strength.

关键词： Cr-Cu-N coatings ion beam assisted magnetron sputtering microstructure tribological behavior

Friction and Wear Performances of Cathodic Arc Ion Plated TiAlSiN Coating under Oil Lubricated Condition

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2017年第6期32卷 1301-1305页

作者：沈辉 KONG Weicheng tang Chengjian LI Baomin 孔德军 College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou University Changzhou Key Loboratory of Advanced Mould Manufacturing Technology Changzhou University School of Mechanical Engineering Changzhou University Jiangsu Jiahe Thermal System Radiation Co. Ltd.

TiAlSiN coating was deposited on H13 hot work mould steel using cathodic arc ion plating（CAIP）. The surface-interface morphologies and phases of the obtained coating were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM） and X-ray diffraction（XRD）, respectively, and the morphologies, distributions of chemical elements and profiles of worn tracks were also researched using scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, energy disperse spectroscopy（EDS）, and optical microscope（OM）, respectively. The friction-wear performances of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated and dry fiction conditions were investigated, and the wear mechanisms of TiAlSiN coating were discussed. The experimental results show that the coating is primarily composed of（Ti, Al）N, AlTiN, and TiN hard phases, Si_3N_4 exists between the（Ti, Al）N crystal grains, increasing the coating microhardness to 3200 HV. The TiAlSiN coating has excellent performances of reducing friction and wear resistance, the average coefficient of friction（COF） of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated condition is only 0.05, lowered than the average COF of 0.211 under dry friction condition, the wear rate decreases by about 81.2% compared with that under dry friction condition. The wear mechanism of TiAlSiN coating under oil lubricated and dry friction conditions is composed of abrasive wear, fatigue wear, and abrasive wear, respectively. The internal friction of oil lubrication is a main factor of decreasing fatigue wear.

关键词： cathodic arc ion plating (CAIP) TiAISiN coating coefficient of friction (COF) oillubrication dry friction

High-Order Gas-Kinetic Methods for IdealMagnetohydrodynamics

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Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 1999年第2期4卷 141-146页

作者： Huazhong tang(LSEC, Institute of Computational Mathematics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China) LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics Academia Sinica Beijing 100080 China

This article is to study extension of gas-kinetic theory based flux splittingmethods to ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations. Uniform high-order gaskinetic methods are presented, based on TVD type Runge-Kutta time discretization andtechnique of the initial reconstruction. The numerical results have been given to showrobustness of our schemes.

关键词： magnetohydrodynamics flux-spittting gas-kinetic schemes

Atomic layer deposited high-k Hf_xAl_(1-x)O as an alternative gate dielectric for 4H-SiC MIS based transistors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第3期55卷 606-609页

作者： SONG QingWen ZHANG YuMing ZHANG YiMen tang XiaoYan JIA RenXu Key Laboratory of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

HfxAl(1-x)O film grown by atomic layer deposition(ALD) on n-type 4H-SiC(0001) epitaxial layer has been *** show that it has relatively high breakdown electric field of 16.4 MV/cm,high dielectric constant of 16.3 and low gate leakage current of 2.47×10-5 A/cm2 at E=5 MV/cm,which makes ALD HfxAl(1-x)O a great potential candidate gate dielectric for 4H-SiC MIS based transistors.

关键词： ALD HfxAl(1-x)O 4H-SiC MIS