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Learnware:small models do big

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 39-50页

作者： Zhi-Hua ZHOU Zhi-hao tan National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University

There are complaints about current machine learning techniques such as the requirement of a huge amount of training data and proficient training skills,the difficulty of continual learning,the risk of catastrophic forgetting,and the leaking of data privacy/*** research efforts have been focusing on one of those concerned issues separately,paying less attention to the fact that most issues are entangled in *** prevailing big model paradigm,which has achieved impressive results in natural language processing and computer vision applications,has not yet addressed those issues,whereas becoming a serious source of carbon *** article offers an overview of the learnware paradigm,which attempts to enable users not to need to build machine learning models from scratch,with the hope of reusing small models to do things even beyond their original purposes,where the key ingredient is the specification which enables a trained model to be adequately identified to reuse according to the requirement of future users who know nothing about the model in advance.

关键词： artificial intelligence machine learning learnware

3D Printing of Next-generation Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices: from Multiscale to Multimaterial

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2022年第2期5卷 427-438页

作者： Xi Xu Yong hao tan Jun Ding Cao Guan Institute of Flexible Electronics Xi’an Key Laboratory of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117574Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore

The increasing energy requirements to power the modern world has driven active research into more advanced electrochemical energy storage devices(EESD)with both high energy densities and power *** range of newly discovered materials with promising electrochemical properties has shown great potential for next-generation devices,but their performance is normally associated with contradicting demands of thin electrodes and high mass loading that can be hardly achieved for practical *** of three-dimensional(3D)porous electrodes can increase the mass loading while maintaining the effective charge transport even with thick electrodes,which has proven to be efficient to overcome the limitations.3D structures have also been demonstrated excellent structural stability to withstand strong strains and stresses generated during charge/discharge cycle.3D printing,which can fabricate various delicate and complex structural designs,thus offering brand-new opportunities for the rational design and facile construction of next-generation *** recent developments in 3D printing of next-generation EESDs with high performance are ***/multiscale electrode structures,such as hierarchically porous structure that can be constructed via high-resolution 3D printing or with post-treatment,are further *** ability of current 3D printing techniques to fulfill multimaterial printing to fulfill simple packaging will be covered.

关键词： 3d printing electrochemical energy storage devices multimaterial multiscale

Exact Geometric Relationships, Symmetry Breaking and Structural Stability for Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2011年第4期3卷 228-235页

作者： Tong Zhang Ze Shuai Yuan Li hao tan Research Center for Solid Mechanics Beihang University

We pioneered a study about how the geometric relationship of single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNT) is influenced by curvature factor and non-planar geometry factor in cylindrical coordinate system based on the assumption of complete symmetry. The bond length and angle of every carbon-carbon bonds are determined by using the principle of the minimum energy. The results of the paper include(1) From the calculation result, the symmetry breaking appears for chiral carbon nanotubes, while the part symmetry appears for achiral carbon nanotubes with increasing curvature.(2) The synergistic effect of bond lengths and bond angles is first found.(3) We conclude that the influence of non-planar geometry factor can be completely ignored on bond lengths and bond angles when the curvature parameter has been included in the model.(4)The two fractal dimensions are given from the nanoscale to the macroscale for zigzag topology and armchair topology respectively. Fractal dimensions of SWCNT show special characteristics, varying with the length of SWCNT until the lengths approach infinity. The close and inevitable correlations among curvature, symmetry breaking and stability of SWCNTs can be summed up as: the increase of curvature causes symmetry breaking,and such symmetry breaking will further reduce the structural stability.

关键词： Geometry Structural Stability Symmetry Breaking Fractal Dimension

On the Bonding Nature of Noble Gas Compounds MRg^(+) and MRgF(M=Co,Rh,Ir;Rg=Ar,Kr,Xe)

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2021年第3期34卷 297-308,I0039-I0043,I0047页

作者： Si-yuan Xian Di-hao tan An-yong Li School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

The structure and stability of the compounds MRg^(+)and MRg F(Rg=Ar,Kr,and Xe;M=Co,Rh,and Ir)were investigated using the B3 LYP,MP2,MP4(SDQ)and CCSD(T)*** reported the geometry,vibrational frequencies and thermodynamics properties of these compounds.A series of theoretical methods on the basis of wavefunction analysis,including natural bond orbitals,atoms in molecules,electron localization function,and energy decomposition analysis,were performed to explore bonding nature of the M-Rg and Rg-F *** bonds are mainly noncovalent,the metal weakly interacts with Rg in MRg^(+),but their interaction is much stronger in MRg *** neutral molecule MRg F can be well described by the Lewis structure[MRg]^(+)F^(-).

关键词： Rare gases Co Rh Ir Bond nature Natural bond orbitals Atom in molecules analyses Electron localization function analyses

Rethinking multi-spatial information for transferable adversarial attacks on speaker recognition systems

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第3期9卷 620-631页

作者： Junjian Zhang hao tan Le Wang Yaguan Qian Zhaoquan Gu Guangzhou University GuangzhouChina Department of New Networks Peng Cheng LaboratoryShenzhenChina Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen) ShenzhenChina Zhejiang University of Science and Technology HangzhouChina

Adversarial attacks have been posing significant security concerns to intelligent systems,such as speaker recognition systems(SRSs).Most attacks assume the neural networks in the systems are known beforehand,while black-box attacks are proposed without such information to meet practical *** black-box attacks improve trans-ferability by integrating multiple models or training on multiple datasets,but these methods are *** by the optimisation strategy with spatial information on the perturbed paths and samples,we propose a Dual Spatial Momentum Iterative Fast Gradient Sign Method(DS-MI-FGSM)to improve the transferability of black-box at-tacks against ***,DS-MI-FGSM only needs a single data and one model as the input;by extending to the data and model neighbouring spaces,it generates adver-sarial examples against the integrating *** reduce the risk of overfitting,DS-MI-FGSM also introduces gradient masking to improve *** authors conduct extensive experiments regarding the speaker recognition task,and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of their method,which can achieve up to 92%attack success rate on the victim model in black-box scenarios with only one known model.

关键词： speaker recognition spoofing attacks

SELF-ADAPTIVE MOLECULE/CLUSTER STATISTICAL THERMODYNAMICS METHOD FOR QUASI-STATIC DEFORMATION AT FINITE TEMPERATURE

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2011年第1期24卷 92-100页

作者： hao tan Haiying Wang Mengfen Xia Fujiu Ke Yilong Bai State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics (LNM) Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100871 China Physics School of Peking University Beijing 100871 China School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Beijing 100191 China

Hybrid molecule/cluster statistical thermodynamics （HMCST） method is an efficient tool to simulate nano-scale systems under quasi-static loading at finite temperature. In this paper, a self-adaptive algorithm is developed for this method. Explicit refinement criterion based on the gradient of slip shear deformation and a switching criterion based on generalized Einstein approximation is proposed respectively. Results show that this self-adaptive method can accurately find clusters to be refined or transferred to molecules, and efficiently refine or trans- fer the clusters. Furthermore, compared with fully atomistic simulation, the high computational efficiency of the self-adaptive method appears very attractive.

关键词： self-adaptive slip shear deformation particle method approximation refinement criterion switching criterion

谭浩:交互设计正在建立自己的理论和方法范式

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设计 2019年第8期32卷 57-58页

作者：谭浩湖南大学设计与艺术学院

湖南大学设计与艺术学院副院长谭浩教授在湖南大学攻读硕士研究生期间开始接触交互设计,他从个人经历的视角,将中国交互设计的发展分为三个阶段。作为教育从业者,谭浩教授认为,国内的交互设计教育目前已经取得了长足的进步,与交互设计... 详细信息

湖南大学设计与艺术学院副院长谭浩教授在湖南大学攻读硕士研究生期间开始接触交互设计,他从个人经历的视角,将中国交互设计的发展分为三个阶段。作为教育从业者,谭浩教授认为,国内的交互设计教育目前已经取得了长足的进步,与交互设计相关的教育在工业设计、信息与交互设计、数字媒体设计等专业已经初步建立起来了。当前,交互设计需要在自身的方法论体系上进行发展。

关键词：交互设计湖南大学硕士研究生艺术学院工业设计数字媒体副院长教育

Design and preliminary test of the LLRF in C band high-gradient test facility for SXFEL

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2020年第10期31卷 43-54页

作者： Cheng-Cheng Xiao Jun-Qiang Zhang Jian-hao tan Wen-Cheng Fang Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

This paper describes the design and preliminary test of the low-level radio frequency(LLRF)part of the C band high-gradient test facility for the Shanghai Soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser(SXFEL)-Linear Accelerator(LINAC).Before installation,the accelerating structures should be tested and *** the conditioning process,breakdown detection is needed to protect the accelerating structures and klystron from *** PCI extensions for instrumentation-based LLRF system and auto-conditioning algorithm are designed and applied in the LLRF part of the C band high-gradient test *** C band accelerating structures and 1 pulse compressor have completed conditioning and were installed in the SXFEL-LINAC.

关键词： Accelerating structure High gradient C band Breakdown LLRF Conditioning

Flow Characteristics of Crude Oil with High Water Fraction during Non-heating Gathering and Transportation

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2021年第1期23卷 88-97页

作者： LüYuling tan hao Li Jiao Yang Donghai Xu Peiyang Shandong Key Laboratory of Oil&Gas Storage and Transportation Safety China University of Petroleum(East China)Qingdao 266580 China Resources(Zhengzhou)Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co. Ltd.

In order to ensure the safety of the non-heating gathering and transportation processes for high water fraction crude oil,the effect of temperature,water fraction,and flow rate on the flow characteristics of crude oil with high water fraction was studied in a flow experimental system of the X *** distinct flow patterns were identified by the photographic and local sampling ***,three new flow patterns were found to occur below the pour point of crude oil,including EW/O&W stratified flow with gel deposition,EW/O&W intermittent flow with gel deposition,and water single-phase flow with gel ***,two characteristic temperatures,at which the change rate of pressure drop had changed obviously,were found during the change of pressure *** characteristic temperature of the first congestion of gel deposition in the pipeline was determined to be the safe temperature for the non-heating gathering and transportation of high water cut crude oil,while the pressure drop reached the peak at this *** empirical formula for the safe temperature was established for oil-water flow with high water fraction/low fluid production *** results can serve as a guide for the safe operation of the non-heating gathering and transportation of crude oil in high water fraction oilfields.

关键词： crude oil with high water fraction non-heating gathering and transportation flow pattern pressure drop safe temperature