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国际医学放射学杂志 2014年第3期 293-293页

作者： K.Zaoui J.Kromeier M.Neudert t.Beleites t.zahner R.Laszig 李晓琼 Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryUniversity Hospital HeidelbergRuprecht Karls UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 40069120 HeidelbergGermany

摘要目的部分或完全听小骨置换假体(PORP/tORP)中耳重建术后,可能会因置换假体脱位或位置不当而持续存在气-骨间隙(ABG)。迄今为止,颞骨扫描Ct是为术后ABG

关键词：中耳重建术临床研究病人 Ct

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Compost Barns for Dairy Cows—Aspects of Animal Welfare

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2015年第2期5卷 124-131页

作者： E.Ofner-Schrock M.zahner G.Huber K.Guldimann t.Guggenberger J.Gasteiner HBLFA Raumberg-Gumpenstein Agricultural Research&Education CentreIrdningAustria Institute for Sustainability Sciences(ISS) EttenhausenSwitzerland

Compost barns for dairy cows are showing increased popularity also in Central Europe. A compost barn is used mainly as a two-area system with a bedded lying area and a solid feeding alley. Sawdust or dry fine wood shavings or wood chips are mostly used as bedding material, which has to be stirred twice a day. Stirring aerates and mixes faeces and urine into the bedding material, the mixture decomposes by means of aerobic microorganisms. A joint research project between the Agricultural Research and Education Centre Raumberg-Gumpenstein (HBLFA) and the Institute for Sustainability Sciences tänikon (ISS) analyzed amongst other things, the cleanliness of the animals, integument alterations, lying behaviour and the current lameness situation of animals. A total of 138 cows were examined on five Austrian dairy farms. All cows were visually scored and animal behaviour was observed by data loggers as well as by direct observation. the mean value concerning cleanliness of animals was 0.44, while the udder was the cleanest and the lower leg the dirtiest area. Only a few lesions in carpal and tarsal joints could be found. Cows showed no differences in lying behaviour between times of day and temperatures. Large differences in lying behaviour were evident among farms. While on the compost barn farms only around 25% of all cows were scored to be lame, on cubicle-housing system farms 31% - 46% of the cows fell into that category (p the present results, the compost barn can be seen as an animal-friendly system. In further investigations other factors affecting animal health and to resolve any outstanding issues concerning economy and alternative litter materials should be analyzed.

关键词： Compost Barn Cattle Dairy Cows Behaviour Cleanliness Lameness

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