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preparation of microparticles and nanoparticles using membrane-assisted dispersion,micromixing,and evaporation processes

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particuology 2024年第1期84卷 30-44页

作者： Goran t.Vladisavljevic Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershire LE113TUUnited Kingdom

Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation *** emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated *** micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or *** mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled *** dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane *** generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream *** dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and *** main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.

关键词： Nanoparticles Microparticles Nanoemulsions Microemulsions Microporous membrane Crystallisation Flash nanoprecipitation Emulsification Zero liquid discharge

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Late Ordovician Mass Extinction: Earth, fire and ice

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 51-65页

作者： David A.t.Harper palaeoecosystems Group Department of Earth SciencesDurham University

the Late Ordovician Mass Extinction was the earliest of the ‘big’ five extinction events and the earliest to affect the trajectory of metazoan life. two phases have been identified near the start of the Hirnantian period and in the middle. It was a massive taxonomic extinction, a weak phylogenetic extinction and a relatively benign ecological extinction. A rapid cooling, triggering a major ice age that reduced the temperature of surface waters, prompted a drop in sea level of some 100 m and introduced toxic bottom waters onto the shelves. these symptoms of more fundamental planetary processes have been associated with a range of factors with an underlying driver identified as volcanicity. Volcanic eruptions, and other products, may have extended back in time to at least the Sandbian and early Katian, suggesting the extinctions were more protracted and influential than hitherto documented.

关键词： Ordovician LOME paleoecology palaeobiogeography biotas

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particle elasticity influences polymeric artificial antigen presenting cell effectiveness in vivo via CD8+t cell activation,macrophage uptake,and the protein corona

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 9052-9064页

作者： Savannah E.Est-Witte Sydney R.Shannon Dennis H.Gong Kaitlyn G.Calabresi Jawaun J.Harris Kaitlyn Storm Edwin J.Yoo Ariel Isser Vivek p.Jani Natalie K.Livingston Mary O.Omotoso Kelly Rhodes Elana Ben-Akiva Randall A.Meyer Zoe t.Hsieh Simone Sidoli Stephany Y.tzeng Jonathan p.Schneck Jordan J.Green translational tissue Engineering Center Institute for NanobiotechnologyDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringJohns Hopkins School of Medicine400 N BroadwayBaltimoreMD 21231USA Institute for Cell Engineering Department of PathologyJohns Hopkins School of Medicine733 N BroadwayBaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Biochemistry Albert Einstein College of MedicineThe BronxNew York CityNY 10461USA

Adoptive cell therapy(ACt)is an immunotherapy strategy for cancer that has seen widespread clinical *** ACt,patient-derived lymphocytes are stimulated with the antigen of interest ex vivo,proliferated,then returned to the patient to initiate an antigen-specific antitumor *** effective,this process is resource-intensive and logistically impossible for many *** artificial antigen presenting cells(aApCs)offer a potential“off-the-shelf”alternative to ex vivo *** particulate aApCs perform well in vitro,they have had limited success in vivo due to poor bioavailability after *** to bioavailability include rapid clearance,unfavorable biodistribution,and inadequate interactions with CD8+t cells at sites of *** properties such as elasticity have been shown to vastly impact the bioavailability and particle-cell interactions,but this has yet to be investigated in the context of aApCs for in vivo t-cell *** literature likewise indicates that biomaterial properties,especially elasticity,can modulate t-cell activation in *** the goal of creating a more biomimetic,next-generation particulate aApC,we developed a poly(ethylene)glycol hydrogel particle platform with tunable elasticity to investigate the impact of elasticity on antigen-specific t cell activation for in vivo adoptive *** this knowledge,we were able to gain more precise control over in vivo t cell activation and investigate possible mechanisms including the effects of aApC elasticity on t cell binding,macrophage uptake,and the protein corona.

关键词： adoptive cell therapy artificial antigen presenting cells particle drug delivery elasticity protein corona poly(ethylene glycol)

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Chromomagnetic dipole moments of light quarks in the bestest little Higgs model

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Chinese physics C 2024年第10期48卷 125-136页

作者： t.Cisneros-pérez E.Cruz-Albaro A.Y.Ojeda-Castañeda S.E.Solís-Núñez Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas Universidad Autónoma de ZacatecasApartado Postal C-58598060 ZacatecasMexico Facultad de Física Universidad Autónoma de ZacatecasApartado Postal C-58098060 ZacatecasMexico

In this study,we investigated the anomalous Chromomagnetic Dipole Moment(CMDM),denoted as μ_(q)^(BLHM),of light quarks q=(u,c,d,s,b) within the framework of the Bestest Little Higgs Model(BLHM)as an extension of the Standard Model(SM).Our investigation encompassed novel interactions among the light quarks,heavy quark B,and heavy bosons (W'^(±),H^(±),φ^(±),η^(±))incorporating the extended Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa(CKM)matrix characteristic of the *** thoroughly explored the permissible parameter space,yielding a spectrum of CMDM values ranging from 10^(-10) to 10^(-3).

关键词： beyond standard model flavor physics chromomagnetic dipole light quarks

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Beta-lactam antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections in Vietnam:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian pacific Journal of tropical Medicine 2024年第6期17卷 243-255,I0001-I0003页

作者： Dat t Nguyen princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada

Objective:to investigate the evolving patterns of antimicrobial resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics in Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infection patients in Vietnam,covering the period from 2005 to ***:29 Descriptive studies published between 2010 and 2022 in English and Vietnamese were included in the *** on resistance rates to beta-lactam antibiotics,including cephalosporins and carbapenems,were extracted and *** pooled resistance rates were calculated using random-effects *** trends in resistance were assessed using linear regression ***:Among the beta-lactam antibiotics studied,Escherichia coli exhibited varying levels of resistance,with cephalosporins showing higher resistance rates compared to *** pooled resistance rates were 66%for cefotaxime,65%for ceftriaxone,54%for ceftazidime,and 56%for *** contrast,carbapenems demonstrated lower resistance rates,with weighted pooled resistance rates ranging from 3%to 4%for meropenem,ertapenem,and *** rates were also observed for amoxicillin/clavulanate(35%),ticarcillin/clavulanate(26%),and piperacillin/tazobactam(12%).Significant annual increases in resistance were noted for imipenem(0.56%,pthis study highlights the critical issue of antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections in Vietnam and emphasizes the importance of prudent antibiotic use and the regular monitoring of resistance *** insights are useful for guiding healthcare professionals in optimizing treatment strategies and for policymakers in formulating evidence-based clinical guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance effectively.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Urinary tract infection Vietnam

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A novel strategy for ionomer coating of Ag nanoparticles used for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in a membrane electrode assembly

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 94-95页

作者： Alexis t.Bell Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California

the electrochemical reduction of the CO2reaction （CO2RR） offers an attractive means for converting the carbon content of CO2, released from a stationary source or the atmosphere, into fuels and chemicals [1]. Utiliz...

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A deep neural network based surrogate model for damage identification in full-scale structures with incomplete noisy measurements

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 393-410页

作者： tram BUI-NGOC Duy-Khuong LY tam t tRUONG Chanachai tHONGCHOM t.NGUYEN-tHOI Laboratory for Computational Mechanics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Faculty of Mechanical-Electrical and Computer Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Faculty of Civil Engineering School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam Department of Computer Science Aarhus UniversityAarhus 8000Denmark thammasat University research unit in structural and foundation engineering Department of Civil EngineeringThammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand Laboratory for Applied and Industrial Mathematics Institute for Computational Science and Artificial IntelligenceVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City 70000Vietnam thammasat School of Engineering Thammasat UniversityPathumthani 12120Thailand

the paper introduces a novel approach for detecting structural damage in full-scale structures using surrogate models generated from incomplete modal data and deep neural networks(DNNs).A significant challenge in this field is the limited availability of measurement data for full-scale structures,which is addressed in this paper by generating data sets using a reduced finite element(FE)model constructed by SAp2000 software and the MAtLAB programming *** surrogate models are trained using response data obtained from the monitored structure through a limited number of measurement *** proposed approach involves training a single surrogate model that can quickly predict the location and severity of damage for all potential *** achieve the most generalized surrogate model,the study explores different types of layers and hyperparameters of the training algorithm and employs state-of-the-art techniques to avoid overfitting and to accelerate the training *** approach’s effectiveness,efficiency,and applicability are demonstrated by two numerical *** study also verifies the robustness of the proposed approach on data sets with sparse and noisy measured ***,the proposed approach is a promising alternative to traditional approaches that rely on FE model updating and optimization algorithms,which can be computationally *** approach also shows potential for broader applications in structural damage detection.

关键词： vibration-based damage detection deep neural network full-scale structures finite element model updating noisy incomplete modal data

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可编程多物理机制的力学超材料

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力学进展 2024年

作者： p.Sinha t.Mukhopadhyay 印度理工学院航空工程系英国南安普顿大学工学院

力学超材料是一种有别于传统力学行为的工程材料，它源于人工可编程的微结构以及材料的固有属性。在过去的十年中，随着计算性能和复杂微观结构制造能力的巨大进步，力学超材料已经吸引了研究人员的广泛关注，因为它能够实现自然界中不... 详细信息

力学超材料是一种有别于传统力学行为的工程材料，它源于人工可编程的微结构以及材料的固有属性。在过去的十年中，随着计算性能和复杂微观结构制造能力的巨大进步，力学超材料已经吸引了研究人员的广泛关注，因为它能够实现自然界中不可能出现的多重物理属性。该领域迅速崛起的趋势之一是将材料行为和单元结构与其他不同的多种物理因素(如电场或磁场)以及温度、光或化学反应等刺激相结合，从而扩大按需主动调制力学响应的范围。在本文中，我们旨在概述有关超材料的力学和多物理性质调制的相关文献，重点介绍双能级设计的新兴趋势，着重讨论力学超材料在关键工程领域应用中的巨大潜力。本文对该领域的发展趋势、挑战和未来路线进行了系统深入分析，涵盖实时可重构性和功能编程、4D打印、纳米超材料、人工智能和机器学习、多物理折纸/剪纸、活性物质、软物质和保形超材料、复杂微结构制造、服役寿命效应和可扩展性等概念。

关键词：力学超材料按需特性调制多物理力学可编程物质双级点阵主动超材料刺激响应材料

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Novel umami peptides from two termitomyces mushrooms and molecular docking to the taste receptor t1R1/t1R3

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 1055-1064页

作者： Lanyun Zhang Li Zhang Jesus pérez-Moreno Lu Bin Fengming Zhang Fuqiang Yu the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Yunnan Key Laboratory for Fungal Diversity and Green DevelopmentKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China College of Chemical Science and technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China College of Food Science and technology Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKunming 650201China Colegio postgraduados Campus MontecilloEdafologíaTexcoco 56230México Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Use in the Southwest Mountains of China Southwest Forestry UniversityKunming 650224China

Wild edible termitomyces mushrooms are popular in Southwest China and umami is important flavor qualities of edible *** study aimed to understand the umami taste of termitomyces intermedius and termitomyces *** umami peptides from aqueous extracts were separated using a Sephadex G-15 gel filtration *** intense umami fraction was evaluated by both sensory evaluation and electronic *** were identified as KLNDAQApK,DStDEKFLR,VGKGAHLSGEH,MLKKKKLA,SLGFGGppGY,tVAtFSSStKpDD,AMDDDEADLLLLAM,VEDEDEKpKEK,SpEEKKEEEt and *** peptides,except VEDEDEKpKEK,SpEEKKEEEt and pEGADKpNK were selectively synthesized to verify their taste *** these 10 peptides had umami or salt *** 10 peptides were conducted by molecular docking to study their interaction with identified peptides and the umami taste receptor t1R1/*** these 10 peptides perfectly docked the active residues in the t1R3 *** results provide theoretical basis for the umami taste and address the umami mechanism of two wild edible termitomyces mushrooms.

关键词： termitomyces Non-volatile flavor compounds Umami peptides taste characteristics Molecular docking

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CompactChain:an efficient stateless chain for UtXO-model blockchain

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第2期18卷 167-179页

作者： B Swaroopa REDDY t Uday Kiran REDDY Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology HyderabadHyderabadTelangana 502285India

In this work,we propose a stateless blockchain called CompactChain,which compacts the entire state of the UtXO(Unspent transaction Output)based blockchain systems into two RSA *** first accumulator is called transaction Output(tXO)commitment which represents the tXO *** second one is called Spent transaction Output(StXO)commitment which represents the StXO *** this work,we discuss three algorithms:(i)to update the tXO and StXO commitments by the *** miner also provides the proofs for the correctness of the updated commitments;(ii)to prove the transaction’s validity by providing a membership witness in tXO commitment and non-membership witness against StXO commitment for a coin being spent by a user;(iii)to update the witness for the coin that is not yet spent;the experimental results evaluate the performance of the CompactChain in terms of time taken by a miner to update the commitments and time taken by a validator to verify the commitments and validate the *** compare the performance of CompactChain with the existing state-of-the-art works on stateless *** shows a reduction in commitments update complexity and transaction witness size which inturn reduces the mempool size and propagation latency without compromising the system throughput(transactions per second(tpS)).

关键词： stateless blockchain RSA Accumulator StXO commitment tXO commitment UtXO Non-interactive proof of Exponentiation(NI-poE) transactions per second(tpS)

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