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Malpractice or masterful practice?navigating vicarious liability in healthcare

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第2期13卷 10-13页

作者： satvik n Pai naveen Jeyaraman Madhan Jeyaraman swaminathan Ramasubramanian Department of Orthopaedics PES University Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchBengaluru 560100KarnatakaIndia Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics Government Medical CollegeOmandurar Government EstateChennai 600002Tamil NaduIndia

In the intricate landscape of healthcare,vicarious liability looms large,shaping the responsibilities and actions of healthcare practitioners and administrators *** by a poignant scenario of a medication error,this article navigates the complexities of vicarious liability in *** explains the legal basis and ramifications of this theory,emphasizing its importance in fostering responsibility,protecting patient welfare,and easing access to *** paper explores the practical effects of vicarious responsibility on day-to-day operations,leadership practices,and decision-making processes via the eyes of senior consultants,junior doctors,and hospital *** comprehensive insights and real-world examples,it underscores the imperative of fostering a culture of accountability,communication,and quality care to navigate the intricate web of liabilities inherent in modern healthcare.

关键词： Vicarious liability healthcare Responsibility Litigation Patient welfare

the impact of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), child-turcotte-pugh (CtP) score and disease staging on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (hCC) patients: a retrospective cohort from single oncology center

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Oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 149-160页

作者： nasser Mulla Yousef Katib Asim M Almughamsi Duaa s Alkhayat Mohamed Mosaad samir t Alfotih Rawan Alaofi Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of surgery Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt. King salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City Madinah 42311 Saudi Arabia. Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz hospital Madinah 41511 Saudi Arabia.

Background:hepatocellular carcinoma (hCC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death in saudi Arabia. Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of hCC and the effect of tnM staging, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), and Child-turcotte Pugh (CtP) on patients' overall survival (Os).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 hCC patients at a single oncology center in saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020. All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria: (a) a liver lesion reported as definitive hCC on dynamic imaging and/or (b) a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis.Results:the mean patient age of all hCC cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1. All patients were stratified into two groups: viral hCC (n = 22, 51%) and non-viral hCC (n = 21, 49%). Among viral-hCC patients, 55% were due to hBV and 45% due to hCV. Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 79% of cases. Age and sex did not significantly statistically differ in Os among viral and non-viral hCC patients (-value > 0.05). About 65% of patients had tumor size >5 cm during the diagnosis, with a significant statistical difference in Os (-value = 0.027). AFP was >400 ng/ml in 45% of the patients. there was a statistically significant difference in the Os in terms of AFP levels (-value = 0.021). A statistically significant difference was also observed between the CtP score and Os (-value = 0.02). CtP class B had the longest survival. BsC was the most common treatment provided to hCC patients followed by sorafenib therapy. there was a significant statistical difference in Os among viral and non-viral hCC patients (-value = 0.008).Conclusions:the most common predictors for Os were the underlying cause of hCC, AFP, and tumor size. Being having non-viral etiology, a tumor size >5 cm, an AFP > 400 ng/mL, and a CtP score class C were all negatively associated with Os.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Child-turcotte-pugh hepatocellular carcinoma Pattern Progression free survival

Extraction of resonance parameters from meson production reaction

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第12期33卷 1140-1145页

作者： t. sato n. suzuki t. -s. h. Lee Department of Physics Osaka University Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan Excited Baryon Analysis Center(EBAC) Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Newport News Virginia 23606 USA Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne IL 60439 USA

We have developed an analytic continuation method for extracting parameters of nucleon resonances within a hamiltonian formulation of meson-nucleon reactions. the method was tested for simple solvable models and then applied for our recent coupled channels model （πn, ηn, π△, ρn, and σn ） of the π＊n and γ＊n reactions. the resonance pole positions and their properties are studied for P11and P11 channels.

关键词： baryon resonance meson production reaction resonance pole

synthesis and characterization of Cnt/Ce-tiO_2 nanocomposite for phenol degradation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2012年第7期30卷 651-658页

作者： shaari n tan s h Mohamed A R school of Chemical Engineering Engineering Campus University Sains Malaysia

An innovative photocatalyst, Carbon nanotube （Cnt） supported Ce-tiO2 nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via modi-fied sol gel method and investigated in a batch reactor for abolition of phenol under UV light spectrum. Characterization of catalyst micro-structure and internal properties were done by means of X-ray diffraction （XRD）, Brunauer-Emmett-teller （BEt）, scanning electron micros-copy （sEM）, transmission electron microscopy （tEM） and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra （DRs）. Ce doping can inhibit phase transfor-mation from anatase to rutile and eliminate the recombination of electron-hole pairs in the catalyst. the presence of Cnt in tiO2 composite can both increase the photoactivity under UV and change surface properties to achieve sensitivity to visible light. the optimum mass ratio of Cnt support and cerium （Ce） dopant in tiO2 was the prominent factor to harvest Cnt/Ce-tiO2 photocatalyst nanocomposite. the results demonstrated that optimum mass ratio of Cnt：tiO2：Ce was 0.02：1.0：0.06, which resulted in the great performance of the photocatalyst to de-grade about 94% of phenol in a 50 mg/L solution in only 3 h. In this paper, dissimilar role of Cnt support and Ce dopant in the tiO2 photo-catalysis of phenol was also discussed.

关键词： carbon nanotube (Cnt) cerium tiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst phenol rare earths

nonlinear stability of advanced sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material and carbon nanotube reinforced composite layers under elevated temperature

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第9期42卷 1327-1348页

作者： h.V.tUnG L.t.n.tRAnG Faculty of Civil Engineering Hanoi Architectural UniversityHa Noi 10000Viet Nam Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Transport TechnologyHa Noi 10000Viet Nam

the nonlinear stability of sandwich cylindrical shells comprising porous functionally graded material(FGM) and carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CntRC)layers subjected to uniform temperature rise is investigated. two sandwich models corresponding to CntRC and FGM face sheets are proposed. Carbon nanotubes(Cnts) in the CntRC layer are embedded into a matrix according to functionally graded distributions. the effects of porosity in the FGM and the temperature dependence of properties of all constituent materials are considered. the effective properties of the porous FGM and CntRC are determined by using the modified and extended versions of a linear mixture rule, respectively. the basic equations governing the stability problem of thin sandwich cylindrical shells are established within the framework of the Donnell shell theory including the von K’arm’an-Donnell nonlinearity. these equations are solved by using the multi-term analytical solutions and the Galerkin method for simply supported *** critical buckling temperatures and postbuckling paths are determined through an iteration procedure. the study reveals that the sandwich shell model with a CntRC core layer and relatively thin porous FGM face sheets can have the best capacity of thermal load carrying. In addition, unlike the cases of mechanical loads, porosities have beneficial effects on the nonlinear stability of sandwich shells under the thermal load. It is suggested that an appropriate combination of advantages of FGM and CntRC can result in optimal efficiency for advanced sandwich structures.

关键词： carbon nanotube reinforced composite(CntRC) porous functionally graded material(FGM) thermal instability cylindrical shell advanced sandwich model

thermodynamic Aspects of nanostructured CoAl Intermetallic Compound during Mechanical Alloying

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Journal of Materials science & technology 2011年第7期27卷 601-606页

作者： s.n. hosseini t. Mousavi F. Karimzadeh M.h. Enayati Department of Materials Engineering Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Institute Isfahan University of Technology84156-83111 Iran

the nanostructured CoAl intermetallic compound was produced by mechanical alloying （MA） of the Co50Al50 elemental powder mixture in a planetary high energy ball mill. the ordered B2-CoAl structure with the grain size of about 6 nm was formed via a gradual reaction after 10 h of MA. A thermodynamic analysis of the process was also done. the results showed that the intermetallic compound of CoAl had the minimum Gibbs free energy compared to solid solution and amorphous states indicating the initial MA product was the most stable phase in the Co-Al system which was changed to a partially disordered structure with a steady long-range order of 0.82 at further milling. this amount of disordering caused the enthalpy of final product to show an increase of about 5.1 kJ·mol-1. Calculation of enthalpy related to the triple defect formation revealed that the enthalpy required for Al anti-sites formation was about 3 times greater than that for Co anti-sites formation.

关键词： Intermetallics CoAl nanostructured materials Mechanical alloying thermodynamics

the sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.torrado-tapias Iris K.salgado Jose M.santiago samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis h.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA national Institutes of health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAt-1/GLAst EAAt-2/GLt-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

CFD simulation of helicopter rotor flow based on unsteady actuator disk model

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第9期33卷 2313-2328页

作者： G.n.BARAKOs t.FItZGIBBOn A.n.KUsYUMOV s.A.KUsYUMOV s.A.MIKhAILOV James Watt school of Engineering Glasgow UniversityGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom Department of Aerohydrodynamics Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N.TupolevKazan 420111Russia

Actuator Disks(AD)can provide characterizations of rotor wakes while reducing computational expense associated with modeling the fully resolved *** work presents an unsteady actuator disk method based on surface circulation distribution combined with empirical data,blade element theory and rotor momentum *** nonuniform circulation distribution accounts for 3 D blade load effects,and in particular,tip *** simulations were conducted for the isolated pressure sensitive paint model rotor blade in hover and forward flight using the hMB3 CFD solver of Glasgow *** of CFD results in comparison with published numerical data was performed in hover,for a range of blade pitch angles using fully turbulent flow and the k-x sst *** forward flight,the vortex structures predicted using the unsteady actuator disk model showed configurations similar to the ones obtained using fully resolved rotor *** the reduced grid cells number,the CFD results for AD models captured well the main vortical structures around the rotor disk in comparison to the fully resolved cases.

关键词： CFD Fully resolved blades rotor PsP rotor surface circulation distribution Unsteady actuator disk model

f(t,B)gravity with statistically fitting of h(z)

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2023年第9期75卷 79-90页

作者： s h shekh n Myrzakulov A Bouali A Pradhan Department of Mathematics S.P.M.Science and Gilani ArtsCommerce CollegeGhatanjiYavatmalMaharashtra 445301India L.n.Gumilyov Eurasian national University Astana 010008Kazakhstan Ratbay Myrzakulov Eurasian International Center for theoretical Physics Astana010009Kazakhstan Laboratory of Physics of Matter and Radiation Mohammed I UniversityBP 717OujdaMorocco Centre for Cosmology Astrophysics and Space Science(CCASS)GLA UniversityMathura-281406Uttar PradeshIndia

some recent developments(accelerated expansion)in the Universe cannot be explained by the conventional formulation of general *** apply the recently proposed f(t,B)gravity to investigate the accelerated expansion of the *** parametrizing the hubble parameter and estimating the best fit values of the model parameters b_(0),b_(1),and b_(2)imposed from supernovae type la,Cosmic Microwave Background,B aryon Acoustic Oscillation,and hubble data using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method,we propose a method to determine the precise solutions to the field *** then observe that the model appears to be in good agreement with the observations.A change from the deceleration to the acceleration phase of the Universe is shown by the evolution of the deceleration *** addition,we investigate the behavior of the statefinder analysis,equation of state(Eos)parameters,along with the energy ***,to discuss other cosmological parameters,we consider some wellknown f(t,B)gravity models,specifically,f(t,B)=at^(b)+cB^(d).Lastly,we find that the considered f(t,B)gravity models predict that the present Universe is accelerating and the Eos parameter behaves like the ACDM model.

关键词： isotropic homogeneous space-time f(t,B)gravity statistical fitting of h(z)data cosmology