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Counterregulation of insulin by leptin as key component of autonomic regulation of body weight

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World Journal of Diabetes 2014年第5期5卷 606-629页

作者： Katarina t Borer School of Kinesiology The University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

A re-examination of the mechanism controlling eating, locomotion, and metabolism prompts formulation of a new explanatory model containing five features: a coordinating joint role of the(1) autonomic nervous system(ANS);(2) the suprachiasmatic(SCN) master clock in counterbalancing parasympathetic digestive and absorptive functions and feeding with sympathetic locomotor and thermogenic energy expenditure within a circadian framework;(3) interaction of the ANS/SCN command with brain substrates of reward encompassing dopaminergic projections to ventral striatum and limbic and cortical forebrain. these drive the nonhomeostatic feeding and locomotor motivated behaviors in interaction with circulating ghrelin and lateral hypothalamic neurons signaling through melanin concentrating hormone and orexin-hypocretin peptides;(4) counterregulation of insulin by leptin of both gastric and adipose tissue origin through: potentiation by leptin of cholecystokinin-mediated satiation, inhibition of insulin secretion, suppression of insulin lipogenesis by leptin lipolysis, and modulation of peripheral tissue and brain sensitivity to insulin action. thus weight-loss induced hypoleptimia raises insulin sensitivity and promotes its parasympathetic anabolic actions while obesity-induced hyperleptinemia supresses insulin lipogenic action; and(5) inhibition by leptin of bone mineral accrual suggesting that leptin may contribute to the maintenance of stability of skeletal, lean-body, as well as adipose tissue masses.

关键词： Insulin Leptin Weight regulation Autonomic Circadian

Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX as a novel anticancer mechanism

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2012年第7期3卷 98-103页

作者： Claudiu t Supuran Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica University of Florence Polo Scientifico Room 188 Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Florence Italy

Carbonic anhydrases(CA, EC 4.***.1.1) catalyze the interconversion bewteen carbon dioxide and bicarbonate with generation of protons. the carbonic anhydrase isozyme Ⅸ(CA Ⅸ) is highly overexpresed in hypoxic tumors and shows very restricted expression in normal tissues. CA Ⅸ is a dimeric protein possessing very high catalytic activity for the hydration of carbon dioxide to protons and bicarbonate. Its quaternary structure is unique among members of this family of enzymes, allowing for structure-based drug design campaigns of selective inhibitors. Inhibition of CA Ⅸ with sulfonamide and/or coumarin inhibitors was recently shown to lead to a potent retardation for the growth of both primary tumors and metastases. Some fluorescent sulfonamides were shown to accumulate only in hypoxic tumor cells overexpressing CA Ⅸ, and might be used as diagnostic tools for imaging of hypoxic cancers. Sulfonamide inhibitors were also more effective in inhibiting the growth of the primary tumors when associated with irrdiation. CA Ⅸ is thus both a diagnostic and therapeutic validated target for the management of hypoxic tumors normally non-responsive to classical chemio- and radiotherapy.

关键词： Carbonic anhydrase Hypoxia Sulfonamides Coumarins tumorigenesis tumor imaging tumor acidification

PRODUCtION OF tRANSFORMING GROWtH FACtOR-β BY CULtURED RAt MESANGIAL CELLS

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1995年第11期 22-26页

作者：姚建黎磊石 F Shimizu t Oite Institute of Nephrology Jinling Hospital Nanjing 21000 Department of Nephrology institute of nephrology nigata university school of medicine niigata Japan

the purpose of this study was to examine whether transforming growth factor-β (tGFβ acts as an autocrine cytokine in cultured mesangial cells. Measangial cell conditioned media (CM) were prepared and tested for their effect on mesangial cell proliferation. CM showed a concentration dependent inhibition on mesangial cell proliferation and the activity was enhanced by treating conditioned media with acid. Gel filtration analysis showed peak inhibitory activity to reside in fractions with an estimated molecular weight range of 16-30 KD. the activity was partially blocked by anti-tGFβ antibody, but not nonimmune control IgG. the presence of tGFβ was confirmed using the mink lung epithelial cell assay. Furthermore, the addition of anti-tGFβ antibody directly into culture media significantly enhanced mesangial cell proliferation. these results demonstrate that measangial cell produce both active and latent forms of tGFβ, which functions as an autocrine growth inhibitor for mesangial cells.

关键词： In cell BY CULtURED RAt MESANGIAL CELLS PRODUCtION OF tRANSFORMING GROWtH FACtOR DMEM

Petroleum waste biodegradation with porous biomass support system (PBSS) on rotating biological contactor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期3卷 11-28页

作者： tran t.Francis Chowdhury A.K.M.M Asian Institute of technology Bangkok Thailand.Asian Institute of Technology Bangkok Thailand.

A laboratory scale study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the new coupling of rotating biological contactor (RBC) plus porous biomass support system (PBSS) using polyurethane foam as porous support media to biodegrade petroleum refinery wastewater. Polyurethane foam was attached on disks of two four-stage laboratory scale cascade connected RBC *** two RBC units were operated simultaneously at different but constant, flowrates giving hydraulic loading rates of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 m3/m2/d in two runs keeping the same rotational speed 10 r/min throughout. Organic loading was a less controllable factor in this *** all of the hydraulic loadings, it was found that the removal efficiency of total chemical oxygen demand (tCOD) and oil were above 80 percent. Ammonia nitrogen and phenol removal were above 90 and 80 percent respectively. the maximum biomass concentration within polyurethane foam was about 30 g/m2 in the first stage for 0.03 m3/m2/d hydraulic *** results show that this new technology can be applied effectively for practical purposes with moderate hydraulic loading rates.

关键词： petroleum waste biodegradation rotating biological contactor.

Proton therapy dosimetry using positron emission tomography

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World Journal of Radiology 2010年第4期2卷 135-142页

作者： Matthew t Studenski Bodine Cancer Center Department of Radiation Oncology Thomas Jefferson University Hospital

Protons deposit most of their kinetic energy at the end of their path with no energy deposition beyond the range, making proton therapy a valuable option for treating tumors while sparing surrounding tissues. It is imperative to know the location of the dose deposition to ensure the tumor, and not healthy tissue, is being irradiated. to be able to extract this information in a clinical situation, an accurate dosimetry measurement system is required. there are currently two in vivo methods that are being used for proton therapy dosimetry: (1) online or in-beam monitoring and (2) offline monitoring, both using positron emission tomography (PEt) systems. the theory behind using PEt is that protons experience inelastic collisions with atoms in tissues resulting in nuclear reactions creating positron emitters. By acquiring a PEt image following treatment, the location of the positron emitters in the patient, and therefore the path of the proton beam, can be determined. Coupling the information from the PEt image with the patient's anatomy, it is possible to monitor the location of the tumor and the location of the dose deposition. this review summarizes current research investigating both of these methods with promising results and reviews the limitations along with the advantages of each method.

关键词： Positron emission tomography Proton therapy Dosimetry

turkey’s Role in Middle East and Gulf Security

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Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies 2019年第4期13卷 592-603,I0007页

作者： Özlem tür Department of International Relations Middle East Technical UniversityAnkaraTurkey

this article analyses turkey’s foreign policy in the Middle East and the Gulf *** argues that turkey’s activism in the first decade of the 2000s enabled it to put into play its soft power in the region and the new principles of its foreign policy under Ahmet Davutoglu made it one of the major countries in regional *** has radically changed with the advent of the Arab *** has found itself a party to the civil war in Syria and lost its major ally,the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt,after *** it has been largely isolated in the *** article will underline the ideological and geopolitical reasons for this *** will look at the pro-Muslim Brotherhood stance of the AKP government which played a major role in straining this relations with Saudi Arabia and the UAE,and the re-emergence of‘the Kurdish threat’from turkey’s south across the Syrian border which has led to the securitisation of its foreign policy.

关键词： turkey turkish foreign policy Muslim Brotherhood Syria Kurdish issue

骨性关节炎最好治疗方法仍然是个体化的综合治疗

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中国临床康复 2005年第18期9卷 192-194页

作者：陈述祥康乐江门市五邑中医院骨科(暨南大学医学院第六附属医院) 广东省江门市529031 湖南中医学院在读硕士研究生湖南省长沙市410007

目的:分析近年来关于治疗骨性关节炎的多种文献资料,探讨最理想的治疗方案,以达到解除病因、缓解症状、改善生活质量的目标。资料来源:应用网络***,***/cnli-brary/***,Medline及中国医学核心期刊检索1982-01/2003-12间关于骨性关节炎... 详细信息

目的:分析近年来关于治疗骨性关节炎的多种文献资料,探讨最理想的治疗方案,以达到解除病因、缓解症状、改善生活质量的目标。资料来源:应用网络***,***/cnli-brary/***,Medline及中国医学核心期刊检索1982-01/2003-12间关于骨性关节炎治疗研究的相关文献,检索词:骨性关节炎(osteoarthritis),治疗(therapy),研究进展(researchevolution)。资料选择:选择骨性关节炎、骨性关节炎治疗进展及在骨科的临床应用、骨性关节炎研究进展等相关文献61篇,排除非随机研究原著,未排除非盲法研究。资料提炼:在61篇文献中,内容有不同重复的21篇予以删除;对40篇文献进行分类整理,用于综述,其中20篇选用为参考文献。资料综合:骨性关节炎的治疗包括一般治疗、药物治疗、手术治疗和实验性治疗,中国传统中医药在药物治疗方面疗效显著。实验性治疗主要包括基因治疗和生长因子、细胞及人工基质的移植治疗两方面,虽然临床应用不多,尚且处于实验研究阶段,但其发展前景可观。药物治疗和手术治疗仍是目前临床上治疗骨性关节炎的主要手段。大量实验研究以及临床资料提示,最理想的治疗骨关节炎的方法应该是综合的。结论:骨性关节炎的治疗方法很有多种,综合治疗仍是目前较好的方法。通过分析患者的关节结构、功能及可能的致病因子,了解患者期望关节恢复和使用的程度等,来设计个体化治疗计划和方案。

关键词：骨性关节炎治疗方法综述文献

Suppression of auto-resonant stimulated Brillouin scattering in supersonic flowing plasmas by different forms of incident lasers

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第9期29卷 364-368页

作者： S S Ban Q Wang Z J Liu C Y Zheng X t He HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologySchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China

In supersonic flowing plasmas,the auto-resonant behavior of ion acoustic waves driven by stimulated Brillouin backscattering is self-consistently investigated.A nature of absolute instability appears in the evolution of the stimulated Brillouin *** adopting certain form of incident lights combined by two perpendicular linear polarization lasers or polarization rotation lasers,the absolute instability is suppressed *** suppression of auto-resonant stimulated Brillouin scattering is verified with the fully kinetic Vlasov code.

关键词： inertial confinement fusion laser plasma interaction stimulated Brillouin scattering fully kinetic simulation

On the ls^(2)4d Fine Structures of BⅢand NeⅧ

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Chinese Physics Letters 1995年第1期12卷 8-11页

作者： WANG Zhiwen Kwong t.Chung ZHU Xiaowei Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023 Department of Physics North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695-8202USA

the fine structure of lithium-like ls^(2)4d states in the literature behaves irregularly as a function of *** fine structures of the B III and Ne VIII fall well below the isoelectronic *** term energies of these two systems in the data tables also give worse agreement with the theoretical *** this work,we show that the reason for this unusual situation is caused by a misidentification in the original *** the correct identifications are made,the fine structures of both systems fall on the isoelectronic curve and the agreement between theory and experiment is excellent.

关键词： tables lithium electronic