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transport mechanism in chemically reactive hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic micro-organisms over a curved oscillatory surface

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 177-192页

作者： M.NAVEED M.IMRAN t.ASGHAR Z.ABBAS Department of Mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Education Department of Mathematics The Islamia University of Bahawalpur

this paper examines the transport analysis, including both heat transfer and mass transfer, in hybrid nanofluid flow containing gyrotactic microorganisms towards a curved oscillatory surface. the influence of magnetic fields is also inspected in terms of their physical characteristics. to depict the phenomena of transport, modified versions of both Fick's and Fourier's laws are used. Additionally, the characteristics of both heterogeneous and homogeneous chemical reactions are also incorporated. Utilizing a curvilinear coordinate system, the flow problem is formulated as partial differential equations(PDEs)for momentum, concentration, microorganism field, and energy. An analytical solution to the obtained flow equations is achieved utilizing the homotopy analysis method(HAM).the effects of significant flow parameters on the pressure and microorganism fields, velocity, oscillation velocity, concentration, and temperature distributions are shown via graphs. Furthermore, the variations in skin friction, mass transfer rate, heat transfer rate, and local motile number due to different involved parameters are presented in tables and are analyzed in detail. Graphical results indicate that the curves of velocity and temperature fields are enhanced as the values of the solid volume fraction variables *** is also verified that the concentration rate field decreases as the values of the homogeneous reaction strength parameter and the radius of curvature parameter increase, and it increases with the Schmidt number and the heterogeneous reaction strength *** outcomes show a favorable response of the motile number to advanced values of the Peclet number, the Schmidt number, the microorganism difference parameter, and the bio-convective Lewis number.

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Repairing of exit-hole in friction-stir-spot welded joints for 2024-t4 aluminum alloy by resistance welding

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第4期30卷 660-669页

作者： Lipeng Deng Pengliang Niu Liming Ke Jinhe Liu Jidong kang School of Aeronautical Manufacturing and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China School of Material Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Canmet MAtERIALS Natural Resources Canada183 Longwood Road SouthHamiltonON L8P0A5Canada

the exit-hole in friction stir spot welded(FSSWed) 2024-t4 aluminum alloy joints was successfully repaired by using a three-phase secondary rectification resistance spot welding machine, which is termed as filling exit-hole based on resistance welding(FEBRW). the filling dynamic behavior of force was recorded by a device monitoring. Optical microscope(OM), electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD), and tensile shear tests and finite element modelling were conducted to investigate the repairing stages and bonding mechanisms of the repaired joints in detail. Results showed that exit-hole was completely filled and repaired experiencing three stages. Metallurgical bonding was achieved between plug and exit-hole wall in two forms, including melting bonding in the middle of the joints and partial diffusion bonding on both the upper and bottom of the joints. the highest tensile shear strength of the repaired joints was 7.43 kN, which was 36.3% higher than that of the as welded joints. Resistance welding paves an efficient way to repair the exit-hole in FSSWed joints.

关键词： resistance welding exit-hole repairing bonding mechanisms

CD4^(+)Foxp3^(+)regulatory t cell therapy in transplantation

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2012年第1期4卷 11-21页

作者： Qizhi tang Jeffrey A.Bluestone Sang-Mo kang Division of transplantation Department of SurgeryUniversity of California San Francisco513 Parnassus AveBox 0780San FranciscoCA 94143-0780USA UCSF Diabetes Center University of California San Francisco513 Parnassus AveSan FranciscoCA 94143USA

Regulatory t cells(tregs)are long-lived cells that suppress immune responses in vivo in a dominant and antigen-specific ***,therapeutic application of tregs to control unwanted immune responses is an active area of *** can confer long-term protection against auto-inflammatory diseases in mouse *** have also been shown to be effective in suppressing alloimmunity in models of graft-versus-host disease and organ *** on extensive research in treg biology and preclinical testing of therapeutic efficacy over the past decade,we are now at the point of evaluating the safety and efficacy of treg therapy in *** review focuses on developing therapy for transplantation using CD4^(+)Foxp3^(+) tregs,with an emphasis on the studies that have informed clinical approaches that aim to maximize the benefits while overcoming the challenges and risks of treg cell therapy.

关键词： regulatory t cells transplantation cell therapy immune tolerance

High-affinity t cell receptors redirect cytokine-activated t cells (CAt) to kill cancer cells

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Frontiers of Medicine 2019年第1期13卷 69-82页

作者： Synat.kang Yanyan Li Yifeng Bao Yi Li State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and HealthChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510530China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Cytokine-activated t cells (CAts) can be easily expanded and are widely applied to cancer immunotherapy. However, the good efficacy of CAts is rarely reported in clinical applications because CAts have no or very low antigen specificity. the low-efficacy problem can be resolved using t cell antigen receptorengineered CAt (tCR-CAt). Herein, we demonstrate that NY-ESO-1157-165 HLA-A*02:01-specific high-affinity tCR (HAt)-transduced CAts can specifically kill cancer cells with good efficacy. With low micromolar range dissociation equilibrium constants, HAt-transduced CAts showed good specificity with no off-target killing. Furthermore, the high-affinity tCR-CAts delivered significantly better activation and cytotoxicity than the equivalent tCR-engineered t cells (tCR-ts) in terms of interferon-γ and granzyme B production and in vitro cancer cell killing ability. tCR-CAt may be a very good alternative to the expensive tCR-t, which is considered an effective personalized cyto-immunotherapy.

关键词： cytokine-activated t cells high-affinity t cell receptor cancer immunotherapy tCR-CAt

the impact of germanium in strained Si/relaxed Si_(1-x)Ge_x on carrier performance in non-degenerate and degenerate regimes

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第6期34卷 1-4页

作者： EngSiew kang S Anwar M t Ahmadi Razali Ismail Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81300 SkudaiJohor Malaysia Pennsylvania State University Altoona CollegePennsylvania16601USA

the impact of the fraction of germanium on the carrier performance of two-dimensional strained silicon, which embraces both the non-degenerate and degenerate regimes,is *** this model,the Fermi integral of order zero is *** impact of the fraction of germanium on the relaxed Si_（1-x）Ge_x substrate（x）,carrier concentration and temperature is *** is revealed that the effect of x on the hole concentration is dominant for a normalized Fermi energy of more than three,or in other words the non-degenerate *** the contrary, the x gradient has less influence in the degenerate ***,by increasing x there is an increase in the intrinsic velocity,particularly with high carrier concentration and temperature.

关键词： germanium intrinsic velocity SiGe hole concentration two dimensional

the predictability of t3 disease in staging MRI following prostate biopsy decreases in patients with high initial PSA and Gleason score

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 487-493,515页

作者： Young Hwii Ko Deuk Jae Sung Sung Gu kang Seok Ho kang Jeong Gu Lee Je Jong Kim Jun Cheon Department of Urology Korea University School of Medicine Seoul Korea Department of Radiology Korea University School of Medicine Seoul Korea

to obtain improved accuracy in predicting extracapsular extension （ECE） and seminal vesicle invasion （SVI）, we evaluated the variables affecting the predictability of staging magnetic resonance imaging （MRI, phased-array coil） and estimated their impact on accuracy between preoperative MRI staging and histological outcome. A total of 121 patients with localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who underwent robotic radical prostatectomy （RALP） were included. Following transrectal biopsy, all enrolled patients had undergone MRI for staging work-up. After RALP, only 43.8% （53/121） of the patients were matched with the MRI predicted stage. Compared to the matched group in the prediction of ECE, the unmatched group had significantly higher initial prostate-specific antigen （PSA, 12.8 ng m1-1 versus 8.1 ng m1-1, P=0.048）. In the prediction of SVI, initial PSA （8.1 ng ml- 1 versus 17.3 ng ml- 1, P=0.009） and biopsy Gleason score （6.5 versus 7.6, P=0.035） were significantly higher in the unmatched group. When applying clinical cutoffs of initial PSA of 10 and 20 ng ml-1, the accuracy of MRI in the prediction of ECE was decreased in the group with PSA over 20 ng ml- 1 （75.6, 64.5 and 37.5%, P=0.01）, and this group had significantly decreased accuracy of MRI in the prediction of SVI （91.5, 77.4 and 37.5%, P〈0.01）. Applying the clinical cutoff of a Gleason score of 7, the accuracy of MRI in the prediction of SVI was decreased in the higher G leason score group （93.9, 82.1 and 62.9%, P= 0.01）. thus, for these patient groups, to obtain margin negativity during radical prostatectomy, operative findings, rather than post-biopsy MRI images, may provide substantial information, implying a clinical advantage in conducting MRI before prostate biopsy.

关键词： magnetic resonance imaging neoplasm staging prostatic neoplasms

Formation mechanism of shrinkage and large inclusions of a 70t 12Cr2Mo1 heavy steel ingot

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China Foundry 2014年第1期11卷 46-51页

作者： Liu Hongwei Fu Paixian kang Xiuhong Ma Xiaoping Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Shrinkage cavities and large inclusions are serious internal defects of heavy steel ingot and influence the quality of subsequent forgings. In order to remove these two types of defects, a 70 t 12Cr2Mo1 heavy ingot fabricated by vacuum carbon de-oxidation process was sectioned and investigated by means of structure observation and EDS analysis. to further study the forming mechanism of shrinkage and inclusion defects and find possible solutions, simulation on pouring and solidification processes was also carried out using Fluent and ProCASt software, respectively. Results show that the shrinkage defects do not appear in the middle-upper part of the ingot. the critical value of shrinkage cavity criterion is ascertained as 0.013 on the basis of sectioning investigation and simulation results, which can be used in computer simulation to predict and avoid shrinkage defects in production of 12Cr2Mo1 ingots with different weights. However, large inclusions are found at the bottom of the ingot body. the bad thermal conditions of the ingot surface and large amount of entrained slag are the main origin of the large inclusions. the simulation result of the pouring process shows that large inclusions may be eliminated by combined measures of improving the top thermal condition and controlling the height of rudimental molten steel in the ladle to above 300 mm.

关键词： 12Cr2Mo1 heavy ingot segregation shrinkage defect large inclusions

Anti-cd tCR antibody-expanded cd t cells:a better choice for the adoptive immunotherapy of lymphoid malignancies

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2012年第1期9卷 34-44页

作者： Jianhua Zhou Ning kang Lianxian Cui Denian Ba Wei He Department of Immunology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeNational Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyBeijingChina

Cell-based immunotherapy for lymphoid malignancies has gained increasing attention as patients develop resistance to conventional *** t cells,which have major histocompatibility complex(MHC)-unrestricted lytic activity,have become a promising candidate population for adoptive cell transfer *** previously established a stable condition for expanding cd t cells by using anti-cd t-cell receptor(tCR)*** this study,we found that adoptive transfer of the expanded cd t cells to Daudi lymphoma-bearing nude mice significantly prolonged the survival time of the mice and improved their living *** further investigated the characteristics of these antibody-expanded cd t cells compared to the more commonly used phosphoantigen-expanded cd t cells and evaluated the feasibility of employing them in the treatment of lymphoid *** but sustained proliferation of human peripheral blood cd t cells was observed upon stimulation with anti-cd tCR *** to phosphoantigen-stimulated cd t cells,the antibody-expanded cells manifested similar functional phenotypes and cytotoxic activity towards lymphoma cell *** is noteworthy that the anti-cd tCR antibody could expand both the Vd1 and Vd2 subsets of cd t *** in vitro-expanded Vd1 t cells displayed comparable tumour cell-killing activity to Vd2 t ***,owing to higher C–C chemokine receptor 4(CCR4)and CCR8 expression,the Vd1 t cells were more prone to infiltrate CCL17-or CCL22-expressing lymphomas than the Vd2 t *** the peripheral blood cd t cells from lymphoma patients further confirmed that the anti-cd tCR antibody-expanded cd t cells could be a more efficacious choice for the treatment of lymphoid malignancies than phosphoantigen-expanded cd t cells.

关键词： adoptive cell therapy anti-cd tCR antibody cd t cells lymphoid malignancies Vd1 subset

Effects of Weaving Laser on Weld Microstructure and Crack for Al 6k21-t4 Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2011年第1期27卷 93-96页

作者： B.H.Kim N.H.kang W.t.Oh C.H.Kim J.H.Kim Y.S.Kim Y.H.Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pusan National UniversitySan30Jangjeon-dongGeumjeong-guBusan 609-735Korea Department of Materials and Components Engineering Dong-Eui UniversityBusan 614-714Korea Advanced Joining technology team KITECH7-47Songdo-dongYeonsu-guIncheon 406-840Korea Division for Dongnam Area technology Service KITECHJisa-dongGanseo-guBusan 618-230Korea

For Al 6k21-t4 overlap weld joint,the shear-tensile strength by using the weaving laser was improved as compared to the case of linear *** the specimen of low strength,the porosity was distributed continuously along the intersection between the plates and fusion ***,for the optimized welding condition,large oval-shaped porosities were located only in the advancing track of the concave ***,the continuity of cracks and porosities played a key role to determine the ***,the weaving width was also the important parameter to control the ***,the concave part had more significant hot and cold cracking in the weld and heat-affected zone（HAZ）,respectively,than the convex part.

关键词： Weaving laser Weld microstructure Void Al alloy