the determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines,as well as for carrying out market research,to establish target markets,...
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the determination of optimal aerial transport networks and their associated flight frequencies is crucial for the strategic planning of airlines,as well as for carrying out market research,to establish target markets,and for aircraft and crew *** addition,optimum airplane types for the selected networks are crucial to improve revenue and to provide reduced operating *** present study proposes an innovative approach to determine the optimal aerial transport network simultaneously with the determination of the optimum fleet for that network,composed of three types of airplanes(network and vehicle integrated design).the network profit is *** passenger’s demands between the airports are determined via a gravitational *** embedded linear programming solution is responsible for obtaining potential optimal network *** optimum fleet combination is determined from a database of candidate aircraft designs via genetic algorithm.A truly realistic airplane representation is made possible thanks to accurate surrogate models for engine and aerodynamics is *** accurate engine deck encompassing a compression map and an innovative engine weight calculation besides an aerodynamical artificial neural network module enable a high degree of accuracy for the mission *** proposed methodology is applied to obtain the optimum network comprised of twenty main Brazilian airports and corresponding fleet.
Early gastric carcinomas may develop with a molecular profile differing from sporadic carcinomas occurring at a later age. In this study, we analyzed a retrospective series of 88 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma d...
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Early gastric carcinomas may develop with a molecular profile differing from sporadic carcinomas occurring at a later age. In this study, we analyzed a retrospective series of 88 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed before the age of 45 years for the presence of tP53 mutations, clinicopathological features and immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of markers considered to be important in gastric carcinogenesis (E-cadherin, β-catenin, MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC6 and p53). the majority of proportion of tumors were diffuse-type (70%) and advanced stage (56%). Familial history of cancer was positive in 21% of the cases. there was a significant association between altered expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin, and between p53 expression and perineural invasion. tP53 mutations were detected in 14.5% of evaluated cases, including a germline mutation (p.R337H) in a 12-year old patient. Overall survival analysis showed significant differences in relation with tumor stage and histopathology. the evaluated biomarkers did not present prognostic value in non-exploratory multivariate analyses. the low frequency of tP53 mutations in this series suggests these alterations are not a major molecular event in gastric cancer occurring at early age, although the identification of a case with germline p.R337H mutation is consistent with the hypothesis that a small proportion of early, apparently sporadic gastric cancer, may be associated with widespread Brazilian founder mutations. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic significance of markers for specific groups of patients according to tumor histology and familial history.
Background: Incorporation of HPV tests into cervical cancer screening programs may be advantageous over conventional cytology, especially in developing nations, where the largest burden of cervical cancer is observed....
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Background: Incorporation of HPV tests into cervical cancer screening programs may be advantageous over conventional cytology, especially in developing nations, where the largest burden of cervical cancer is observed. Objectives: to conduct an evaluation of commercially available molecular HPV tests in Brazilian women. Study design: two groups were recruited: group A was composed of 511 women referred to the clinics because of a previous abnormal Pap test while group B consisted of 2464 subjects under routine screening. Cervical samples were collected using SurePath liquid cytology (LBC) device, and split into aliquots which were submitted to molecular testing by Hybrid Capture and cobas HPV. Colposcopy and biopsies were made according to the standard guidelines, directed by cytological diagnosis. Results: Prevalence of HSIL was 5.97% and 0.7% in group A and B respectively. High-Risk HPV DNA was found in about 9% of group B women, while in group A this frequency was 24%. Having CIN3+ as the study end-point, the negative predictive values for molecular methods were above 99.8%. All “in-situ” and invasive cervical carcinomas were detected by both HPV nucleic acid assays. Conclusion: Use of HPV DNA testing was feasible and highly sensitive in cancer screening settings of Brazil.
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