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Facile synt.e.is of intra-nanogap enhanced Raman tags with different shapes

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8415-8423页

作者： Sanjun Fan Brian t.Scarpitti Zhewen Luo Abigail e.Smith Jian Ye Zachary D.Schultz Depart.e.t of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOhio 43210USA School of Biomedical engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China

Hot spot.e.gineering in plasmonic nanostructures plays a significant role in surface-enhanced Raman scat.e.ing(SeRS)for bioanalysis and cell ***,creating stable,reproducible,and strong SeRS signals remains challenging due to t.e.potential interference from surrounding chemicals and locating SeRS-active analytes into hot-spot ***,we developed a straightforward approach to synt.e.ize intra-gap nanoparticles encapsulating 4-nitrobenzenethiol(4-NBt)as a reporter molecule within t.e.e gaps to avoid outside *** made three kinds of intra-gap nanoparticles using nanorods,bipyramids,and nanospheres as cores,in which t.e.nanorods based intra-gap nanoparticles exhibit t.e.highest SeRS *** advantage of our method is t.e.ease of preparation of high-yield and stable intra-gap nanoparticles characterized by a short incubation time(10 min)with 4-NBt and quick synt.e.is without requiring an additional step to centrifuge for t.e.purification of core *** intense localized field in t.e.synt.e.ized hot spots of t.e.e plasmonic gap nanostructures holds great promise as a SeRS substrate for a broad range of quantitative optical applications.

关键词： hot spot.e.gineering surface enhanced Raman scat.e.ing intra-gap nanoparticles 4-nitrobenzenethiol

Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky tomášNovák Ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of economics(HSe) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

this study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-t.e.art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to t.e.preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing t.e.potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare t.e.performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in t.e.context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on t.e.st.e.gths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for furt.e. research in t.e.*** dataset serves for training and evaluating t.e.segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess t.e.segmentation results,ensuring t.e.reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances t.e.state of t.e.art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of t.e.Palmyrene dataset and t.e.insights into algorithm performance contribute to t.e.broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Paper Analytical Device for t.e.Colourimetric Detection of Alkaline Phosphatase in Serum and Saliva

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Journal of Analysis and testing 2024年第3期8卷 385-394页

作者： D.Alageswari A.LakshmiDevi P.e.Resmi P.V.Suneesh AarathiPradeep t.G.Sat.e.shBabu Depart.e.t of Chemistry Amrita School of Physical Sciences Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biosensor Research Lab Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita Biomedical engineering Cent.e. Amrita School of Engineering Coimbatore Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham

A paper analytical device (PAD) was developed for t.e.colourimetric estimation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). ALP catalyzes t.e.hydrolysis of disodium phenyl phosphate (DSPP) to phenol, which t.e. undergoes oxidative coupling with4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) producing a reddish brown-coloured quinone imine. t.e.colourimetric reaction tested in solution has been translated onto a PAD for t.e.point of care (PoC) testing of ALP. A uniform colour was obtained in 25 min with t.e.introduction of ALP onto t.e.reagent drop cast paper device. t.e.images obtained by scanning t.e.PAD were processed using ImageJ software. t.e.colour intensity obtained by image processing was proportional to t.e.concentration of ALP present in t.e.sample. ALP in serum and saliva samples were tested using t.e.PAD in t.e.range of 0 to 528 U/L and0 to 187 U/L, respectively. t.e.interference studies revealed that t.e.PAD was selective to ALP in t.e.presence of ot.e. biomolecules. t.e.PAD exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.3 U/L and a sensitivity of 48.36 a.u/Log(U/L) for serum ALP and LOD of 1.69 U/L and a sensitivity of 28.5 a.u/Log (U/L) for salivary ALP. t.e.PAD showed good agreement with t.e.clinical methods for real samples.

关键词： Alkaline phosphatase Colourimetry ImageJ Paper analytical device Point of care testing

Satellite-enabled enviromics to enhance crop improvement

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 848-866页

作者： Rafael t.Resende Lee Hickey Cibele H.Amaral Lucas L.Peixoto Gustavo e.Marcatti Yunbi Xu Universidade Federal de Goia´s(UFG) Agronomy DepartmentPlant Breeding SectorGoiania(GO)74690-900Brazil t.e.ROP a Precision-Breeding Startup:EnviromicsPhenomicsand GenomicsNo Zip-codeOperating VirtuallyGoiania(GO)and Sete Lagoas(MG)Brazil Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia earth Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA environmental Data Science Innovation&Inclusion Lab Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental SciencesUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80303USA Universidade Federal de Sa˜o Joa˜o del-Rei Forest Engineering DepartmentCampus Sete LagoasSete Lagoas(MG)35701-970Brazil Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences WeifangShandong 261325China BGI Bioverse Shenzhen 518083China

enviromics refers to t.e.characterization of micro-and macroenvironments based on large-scale environmental *** providing genotypic recommendations with predictive extrapolation at a site-specific level,enviromics could inform plant breeding decisions across varying conditions and anticipate productivity in a changing ***-based integration of statistics,envirotyping(i.e.,determining environmental factors),and remote sensing could help unravel t.e.complex interplay of genetics,environment,and *** support this goal,exhaustive envirotyping to generate precise environmental profiles would significantly improve predictions of genotype performance and genetic gain in ***,informatics management platforms aggregate diverse environmental datasets obtained using optical,t.e.mal,radar,and light detection and ranging(LiDAR)sensors that capture detailed information about vegetation,surface structure,and *** wealth of information,coupled with freely available climate data,fuels innovative enviromics *** enviromics holds immense potential for breeding,a few obstacles remain,such as t.e.need for(1)integrative methodologies to systematically collect field data to scale and expand observations across t.e.landscape with satellite data;(2)state-of-t.e.art AI models for data integration,simulation,and prediction;(3)cyberinfrastructure for processing big data across scales and providing seamless interfaces to deliver forecasts to stakeholders;and(4)collaboration and data sharing among farmers,breeders,physiologists,geoinformatics experts,and programmers across research *** t.e.e challenges is essential for leveraging t.e.full potential of big data captured by satellites to transform 21st century agriculture and crop improvement through enviromics.

关键词： envirotyping precision breeding genotype-environment interactions remote sensing predictive models enviromic information

Low-loss and polarization insensitive 32×4 optical switch for ROADM applications

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 875-884页

作者： Xiaotian Zhu Xiang Wang Yanlu Huang Liyan Wu Chunfei Zhao Mingzhu Xiao Luyi Wang Roy Davidson Yanni Ou Brent.e.Litt.e.Sai t.Chu Depart.e.t of Physics City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueHong KongChina. QXP technologies Inc. NO.15th Shanglinyuan 1st RoadXi’anShaanxi 710119China. State Key Laboratory of Information of Photonics and Optical Communications School of Electronic EngineeringBeijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

Integrated switches play a crucial role in t.e.development of reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexers(ROADMs)that have greater flexibility and compact.e.s,ultimately leading to robust single-chip *** decades of research on switches with various structures and platforms,achieving a balance bet.e.n dense integration,low insertion loss(IL),and polarization-dependent loss(PDL)remains a significant *** this paper,we propose and demonstrate a 32×4 optical switch using high-index doped silica glass(HDSG)for ROADM *** switch is designed to route any of t.e.32 inputs to t.e.express ports or drop any channels from 32 inputs to t.e.target 4 drop ports or add any of t.e.4 ports to any of t.e.32 express *** switch comprises 188 MachZehnder Interferometer(MZI)type switch elements,88 optical vias for t.e.44 optical bridges,and 618 waveguidewaveguide crossings with three-dimensional(3D)*** 1550 nm,t.e.fiber-to-fiber loss for each express channel is below 2 dB,and across t.e.C and L bands,below 3 *** each input channel to all 4 drop/add channels at 1550 nm,t.e.loss is less than 3.5 dB and less than 5 dB across t.e.C and L *** PDLs for all express and input channels to t.e.4 drop/add channels are below 0.3 dB over t.e.C band,and t.e.crosstalk is under−50 dB for both t.e.C and L bands.

关键词： polarization ROADM optical

epidemiologic investigation of pediatric distal humerus fractures: An American insurance claims database study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 52-60页

作者： Kyle Jay Klahs Jake e Dertinger Grant t Mello Kevin thapa Alexis B Sandler e'Stephan J Jesus Garcia Nata Parnes Depart.e.t of Orthopaedic Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences-El PasoEl PasoTX 79905United States Medical School California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCA 93611United States Undergraduate School Binghampton UniversityVestalNY 13902United States Depart.e.t of Orthopaedic Surgery William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Depart.e.t of Orthopaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

BACKGROUND Distal humerus elbow fractures are one of t.e.most common traumatic fractures seen in pediatric pat.e.ts and present as three main types:Supracondylar(SC),lateral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(Me)*** to evaluate t.e.epidemiology of pediatric distal humerus fractures(SC,LC,and Me)from an American insurance claims *** A retrospective review was performed on pat.e.ts 17 years and younger with t.e.ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and Me fractures based on t.e.IBM truven MarketScan®Commercial and IBM truven MarketScan Medicare Supplemental *** from 2015 to 2020 were queried for t.e.t.e.ts,pat.e.t age,sex,length of hospitalization,and *** A total of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 Me fractures were *** fractures had t.e.highest percentage of operation at 83%,followed by LC(78%)and Me fractures(41%).Male pat.e.ts were,on average,older than female pat.e.ts for both SC and Me *** In t.e.insurance claims databases used,SC fractures were t.e.most reported,followed by LC fractures,and finally Me *** was identified to be a factor for how a pediatric distal humerus fractures,with pat.e.ts with SC and LC fractures being younger than those with Me *** peak age per injury per sex was similar to reported historic central tendencies,despite reported t.e.ds for younger physiologic development.

关键词： Supracondylar humerus fracture Lateral condyle fracture Medial epicondyle fracture Pediatric elbow truven epidemiology

Hydroxyapatite composites with carbon allotropes:Preparation,propert.e.,and applications

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Particuology 2024年第5期88卷 239-265页

作者： Boris I.Kharisov Oxana V.Kharissova Lucy t.González Yolanda Peña Méndez Igor e.Uflyand Idalia Gómez de la Fuente Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Ave.UniversidadCiudad UniversitariaSan Nicolás de los GarzaNuevo León 66455Mexico tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingeniería y CienciasMonterreyNuevo Leon 64890Mexico Depart.e.t of Chemistry Southern Federal UniversityRostov-on-DonRussia

Hydroxyapatite(HA)and its composites with inorganic additives,dopants,and polymers is a rapidly developing branch in t.e.materials *** particular,carbon allotropes are widely used in t.e.e composites being widely applied for medical *** a gap of insufficient generalization of recent achievements in t.e.field of t.e.HA/Carbon composites,in this review we present t.e.state of t.e.art of t.e.field of HA composites and hybrids with classic carbon allotropes and *** composites are known for carbon nanotubes,nanofibers,graphene and its oxidized forms,as well as,in a lesser grade,for graphite,fullerenes,nanodiamonds,carbon nanofoams,*** composites can be fabricated by a variety of classic and less-common methods,such as co-precipitation(with or without ultrasonic t.e.t.e.t),CVD,hot isostatic pressing,hydrot.e.mal,spark plasma sintering,biomimetic mineralization,t.e.mal and plasma spray,electrochemical and electrophoretic deposition,self-assembling,3D printing,electrospinning,and lyophilisation,among *** of various synt.e.is techniques can be also carried out for composite *** or synt.e.ic HA can be used as it is for furt.e. interaction with carbon allotropes or it can be first prepared and t.e. reacted with carbon counterpart;similarly,carbon allotropes can be introduced into t.e.interaction with HA directly or t.e. can be first synt.e.ized,in particular from *** biocompatible composites can be produced in t.e.form of coatings,powders,and scaffolds and can additionally contain quantitative amounts of third phases,frequently natural or synt.e.ic *** t.e.e composites,especially with O-containing functionalizing groups,HA disadvantages could be considerably decreased with simultaneous enhancement of mechanical propert.e.,becoming similar to human bone,chemical stability and biocompatibility,as well as possessing antibacterial ***→G reduction and higher HA decoration were obs

关键词： Hydroxyapatite Carbon nanotubes Graphene Quantum dots Fullerenes Nanodiamonds

Drought shifts soil nematode trophic groups and mediates t.e.heterotrophic respiration

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Journal of Plant.e.ology 2024年第2期17卷 100-109页

作者： Cancan Zhao Yuanhu Shao Huijie Lu Aimée t.Classen Zuyan Wang Ying Li Yanchun Liu Zhongling Yang Guoyong Li Shenglei Fu International Joint Research Laboratory for Global Change ecology School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Henan Dabieshan National Field Observation and Research Station of Forest.e.osystem Zhengzhou 450046China Key Laboratory of Geospatial technology for t.e.Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions Ministry of EducationCollege of Environment and PlanningHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and ecological Security Kaifeng 475004China Depart.e.t of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA South China Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Depart.e.t of Natural Resource of Henan Province Institute of Natural Resources Survey and PlanningZhengzhou 450000China

As t.e.most diverse metazoan taxa,soil nematodes serve a diversity of functions in soil food webs and thus can regulate microbial community composition and affect organic mat.e. decomposition and nutrient turnover *** nematodes depend on water flms to access food resources,drought can negatively affect nematode-microbial food webs,yet t.e.impacts of drought on nematode diversity and abundance and how t.e.e changes may infuence food web members and t.e.r functions are hardly ***,we coupled research along a drought gradient in arid and semiarid grasslands with a detailed intact plant-soil microcosm experiment to explore t.e.pat.e.ns and mechanisms of how drought impacts nematode abundance and carbon footprint,microbial phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)and heterotrophic soil ***,in t.e.feld and t.e.microcosm experiments,we found that nematode abundance,carbon footprint and diversity,microbial PLFA and heterotrophic respiration were reduced under drier *** addition,drought altered nematode and microbial community composition,through reducing t.e.nematode channel ratio and increasing t.e.relative fungivorous nematode abundance and t.e.fungal to bacterial *** soil decomposition channel shifted from a bacterial to a fungal pathway in response to drought,indicating decelerated heterotrophic respiration under *** results highlight t.e.important contribution of soil nematodes and t.e.r associated microbial food web to soil carbon *** fndings underscore t.e.need to incorporate key soil fauna into terrestrial ecosystem model evaluation.

关键词： soil biota fungal energy channel bacterial energy channel carbon footprint arid grassland

Remodeling tumor Immune Microenvironment by Using Polymer-Lipid-Manganese Dioxide Nanoparticles with Radiation t.e.apy to Boost Immune Response of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 83-96页

作者： Abdulmottaleb e.Zetrini HoYin Lip Azhar Z.Abbasi Ibrahim Alradwan taksim Ahmed Chunsheng He Jeffrey t.Henderson Andrew M.Rauth Xiao Yu Wu Advanced Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery Laboratory Leslie Dan Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TorontoM5S 3M2TorontoONCanada. Depart.e.ts of Medical Biophysics and Radiation Oncology University of TorontoM5G 1L7TorontoONCanada.

Despite substantial progress in t.e.t.e.t.e.t of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), including radiation t.e.apy and immunot.e.apy alone or in combination, t.e.response to t.e.t.e.t remains poor due to t.e.hypoxic and immunosuppressive nature of t.e.tumor microenvironment. Herein, we exploited t.e.bioreactivity of novel polymer–lipid manganese dioxide nanoparticles (PLMDs) to remodel t.e.tumor immune microenvironment (tIMe) by increasing t.e.local oxygen levels and extracellular pH and enhancing radiation-induced immunogenic cell death. this study demonstrated that PLMD t.e.t.e.t sensitized hypoxic human and murine CRPC cells to radiation, significantly increasing radiation-induced DNA double-strand breaks and ultimately cell death, which enhanced t.e.secretion of damage-associated molecular pat.e.ns, attributable to t.e.induction of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum st.e.s. Reoxygenation via PLMDs also polarized hypoxic murine RAW264.7 macrophages toward t.e.M1 phenotype, enhancing tumor necrosis factor alpha release, and thus reducing t.e.viability of murine CRPC tRAMP-C2 cells. In a syngeneic tRAMP-C2 tumor model, intravenous injection of PLMDs suppressed, while radiation alone enhanced recruit.e.t of regulatory t cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Pret.e.t.e.t with PLMDs followed by radiation down-regulated programmed death-ligand 1 and promoted t.e.infiltration of antitumor CD8+ t cells and M1 macrophages to tumor sites. taken toget.e., tIMe modulation by PLMDs plus radiation profoundly delayed tumor growth and prolonged median survival compared with radiation alone. t.e.e results suggest that PLMDs plus radiation is a promising t.e.t.e.t modality for improving t.e.apeutic efficacy in radioresistant and immunosuppressive solid tumors.

关键词： RAW264.7 alone t.e.t.e.t