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3D printing of PEEK–cHAp scaffold formedical bone implant

Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第1期4卷 44-59页

作者： Bankole I.Oladapo SAbolfazl Zahedi Sikiru O.Ismail Francis t.Omigbodun Oluwole K.Bowoto Mattew A.Olawumi Musa A.Muhammad School of Engineering and Sustainable Development De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK Centre for Engineering Research School of PhysicsEngineering and Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldUK Mechanical Engineering Loughborough UniversityLoughboroughUK Faculty of Engineering Computing and mediaDe Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK Faculty of Engineering Environment and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventryUK

the major drawback associated with PEEK implants is their biologically inert surface,which caused unsatisfactory cellular response and poor adhesion between the implants and surrounding soft tissues against proper bone *** this study,polyetheretherketone(PEEK)was incorporated with calcium hydroxyapatite(cHAp)to fabricate a PEEK-cHAp biocomposite,using the fused deposition modeling(FDM)method and a surface treatment strategy to create microporous architectures onto the filaments of PEEK lattice ***,nanostructure and morphological tests of the PEEK-cHAp biocomposite were modeled and analyzed on the FDM-printed PEEK-cHAp biocomposite sample to evaluate its mechanical and thermal strengths as well as in vitro cytotoxicity via a scanning electron microscope(SEM).A technique was used innovatively to create and investigate the porous nanostructure of the PEEK with controlled pore size and distribution to promote cell penetration and biological integration of the PEEK-cHAp into the *** vivo tests demonstrated that the surface-treated micropores facilitated the adhesion of newly regenerated soft tissues to form tight implant-tissue interfacial bonding between the cHAp and *** results of the cell culture depicted that PEEK-cHAp exhibited better cell proliferation attachment spreading and higher alkaline phosphatase activity than PEEK *** islands formed on the PEEK-cHAp composite after immersion in simulated body fluid of Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium(DMEM)for 14 days and grew continuously with more or extended *** microstructure treatment of the crystallinity of PEEK was comparatively and significantly different from the PEEK-cHAp sample,indicating a better treatment of *** in vitro results obtained from the PEEK-cHAp biocomposite material showed its biodegradability and performance suitability for bone *** study has potential applications in the field of biomedical engineering to strengthen the conceptual kn

关键词： 3D printing PEEK-cHAp biocomposite Nanostructure Bone implant Composite morphing

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Note on the Liangshanophyllum,a new Subgenus of Waagenophyllum from Permian of China

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地质学报 1949年第Z1期 97-104+177页

作者： t.C.tSENG National Geological Survey of China

the material of this short paper includes four species, one is a new form of Waagenophyllum, and the three others belong to a new subgenus named Liangshanophyllum. the specimens of the latter were collected by Y. H. Lu in 1942 from Liangshan, S Shensi, in a grayish black massive limestone, which is considered as the upper-most part of the Permian limestone at that region wish very abundant fossil corals of fasciculate cylindrical form. the new species of Waagenophyllum was collected in

关键词： Note on the Liangshanophyllum,a new Subgenus of Waagenophyllum from Permian of China

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Dinosaur Dynamics in an Integrative Model for Rotating Rocks and Deformable Bodies

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2017年第3期7卷 35-40页

作者： Lena J-t Stromberg Previously Sigma epsilon engrg and Dep of Solid Mech Royal Inst of Techn KTH Stockholm Sweden

Present long range interactions for signals, as well as large scale rare phenomena at Earthquakes are subjects of wave dynamics with large impact. Here, that will be addressed in a general (science fiction) format. the method used is based on energy balance for a continuum and kinematics of noncircular orbits, nco. Released vortex formation in a process invoking escape velocity for beamed up Dinosaurs, is modeled with fluid dynamics of a Helix. It is found that elasticity in terms of volumetric changes and vorticities interact giving large velocities and interchange of potential and kinetic energies. the model is an example of atmosphere integrative physiology.

关键词： Angular Velocity Vorticity Eddy Fluid Dynamics Helix Noncircular Orbit Nco Energy Balance Density Integrative Physiology Dinosaur Beam up

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Reconstruction of the Ice Age Glaciation in the Southern Slopes of Mt. Everest, Cho Oyu, Lhotse and Makalu (Himalaya) (Part 1)

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Journal of Mountain Science 2006年第3期3卷 91-124,i0001,i0002页

作者： Matthias Kuhle Geographie/Hochgebirgsgeomorphologie Geographisches Institut der Universitt Goldschmidtstr.5 37077 Gttingen Germany

In the Khumbu- and Khumbakarna Himalaya an ice stream network and valley glacier system has been reconstructed for the last glacial period （W/irmian, Last Ice Age, Isotope stage 4-2, 60- 18 Ka BP, Stage o） with glaciogeomorphological and sedimentological methods. It was a part of the glacier system of the Himalaya and has communicated across transfluence passes with the neighbouring ice stream networks toward the W and E. the ice stream network has also received inflow from the N, from a tibetan ice stream network, by the Kyetrak-Nangpa-Bote Koshi Drangka （Valley） in the W, by the W-Rongbuk glacier valley into the Ngozumpa Drangka （Valley）, by the Central Rongbuk glacier valley into the Khumbu Drangka （Valley） and by the antecedent Arun Nadi transverse-valley in the E of the investigation area. the ice thickness of the valley glacier sections, the surface of which was situated above the snow-line, amounted to lOOO-145o m. the most extended parent valley glaciers have been measured approx. 70 km in length （Dudh Koshi glacier）, 67 km （Barun- Arun glacier） and 80 km （Arun glacier）. the tongue end of the Arun glacier has flowed down to c. 500 m and that of the Dudh Koshi glacier to c. 900 m asl. At heights of the catchment areas of 8481 （or 8475） m （Makalu）, i.e., 8848 （or 8872） m （Mt. Everest, Sagarmatha, Chogolungma） this is a vertical distance of the Ice Age glaciation of c. 8000 m. the steep faces towering up to 2000 m above the névé areas of the 6000-7000 m-high surfaces of the ice stream network were located 2000-5000 m above the ELA. Accordingly, their temperatures were so low, that their rock surfaces were free of flank ice and ice balconies. From the maximum past glacier extension up to the current glacier margins, 13 （altogether 14） glacier stages have been differentiated and in part 14C-dated. they were four glacier stages of the late glacial period, three of the neoglacial period and six of the historical period. By means of 130 medium-sized valley glaciers

关键词：冰河作用珠穆朗玛峰冰河时期地质作用

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State space formalism of Feynman diagram theory for acousto-optic interactions:Ⅱ. multifrequency case

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Chinese Journal of Acoustics 1993年第3期12卷 349-367页

作者： William t.Rhodes Georgia Institute of technology Center for Optical Science and Technology Atlanta

A Feynman diagram theory for acousto-optic (AO) interactions is established, which provides a general method to calculate the scattering amplitudes and intensities for both single-frequency and multifrequency AO interactions. the method is based on counting the number of allowable Feynman diagrams. the following important assertion has been proved rigorously in this paper. the ratios of the numbers of Feynman diagrams allowable in various Bragg diffractions (isotropic, nondegenerate birefringent, and degenerate birefringent) to that in Raman-Nath diffraction are independent of the number of different acoustic frequencies, being a function only of the order of the Feynman diagram and the diffraction order of the final state. General expressions for these ratios are obtained. Based on this, complete perturbation solutions for the scattering amplitudes and intensities are obtained for any kind of AO interactions, any number of acoustic frequencies, and any final state. this theory gives all results obtained previously by the theory of coupled-wave equation. the theory is also verified by comparing with experiments.

关键词： Acousto-optics Multifrcqucncy acousto-optic diffraction Feynman diagram theory.

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