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Design Features and Commissioning of the Versatile Experiment spherical torus (VEst) at seoul National University

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Plasma science and technology 2013年第3期15卷 244-251页

作者： K.J.CHUNG Y.H.AN B.K.JUNG H.Y.LEE C.sUNG Y.s.NA t.s.hahm Y.s.HWANG Department of Nuclear Engineering Seoul National University

A new spherical torus called VEst （Versatile Experiment spherical torus） is designed, constructed and successfully commissioned at seoul National University. A unique design feature of the VEst is two partial solenoid coils installed at both vertical ends of a center stack, which can provide sufficient magnetic fluxes to initiate tokamak plasmas while keeping a low aspect ratio configuration in the central region. According to initial double null merging start-up scenario using the partial solenoid coils, apprdpriate p6wer supplies for driving a toroidal field coil, outer poloidal field coils, and the partial solenoid Coils are fabricated and successfully commissioned. For reliable start-up, a pre-ionization system with two cost-effective homemade magnetron power supplies is also prepared. In addition, magnetic and spectroscopic diagnostics with appropriate data acquisition and control systems are well prepared for initial operation of the device. the VEst is ready for tokamak plasma operation by completing and commissioning most of the designed components.

关键词： spherical torus partial solenoids double null merging start-up

simulation of Fusion Plasmas:Current status and Future Direction

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Plasma science and technology 2007年第3期9卷 312-387页

作者： D.A.Batchelor M.Beck A.Becoulet R.V.Budny C.s.Chang P.H.Diamond J.Q.Dong G.Y.FU A.Fukuyama t.s.hahm D.E.Keyes Y.Kishimoto s.Klasky L.L.Lao K.Li Z.Lin B.Ludaescher J.Manickam N.Nakajima t.Ozeki N.Podhorszki W.M.tang M.A.Vouk R.E.Waltz s.J.Wang H.R.Wilson X.Q.Xu M.Yagi F.Zonca Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA 1122 Volunteer Blvd Suite 203KnoxvilleTN 37996-3450USA AssociationEURAtOM-CEA sur la Fusio n Contr■lée CEA Cadarache13108 Saint Paul lez Durance CedexFrance Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08543USA Courant Institute of Mathematical sciences New York University251 Mercer StreetNew YorkNY 10012USA University of California at san Diego Dept.of Physics and Center for Astrophysics and Space SciencesLa JollaCA 92093USA southwestern Institute of Physics Chengdu 610041China Department of Nuclear Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Columbia University Department of Applied Physics and Applied MathematicsMC 4701New YorkNY 10027USA Department of Fundamental Energy science Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityGokashoUjiKyoto 611-0011Japan General Atomics P.O.Box 85608San DiegoCA 92186USA Department of Computer science Princeton University PrincetonNJ 08544USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Computer science University of California DavisCA95616USA National Institute for Fusion science TokiGifu 509-5292Japan Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka Fusion Research EstablishmentNaka-machiIbaraki-kenJapan Department of Computer science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Physics Fudan University200433 ShanghaiChina Department of Physics University of YorkHeslingtonYork YO10 5DD UK Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kyushu UniversityKasuga 816-8580Japan Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla fusione CR FrascatiCasella Postale 65-00044FrascatiItaly

I. Introduction (Z. Lin, G. Y. Fu, J. Q. Dong) II. Role of theory and simulation in fusion sciences 1. the Impact of theory and simulation on tokomak experiments (H. R. Wilson, t.s. hahm and F. Zonca) 2. tokomak transport Physics for the Era of ItER: Issues for simulations (P.H. Diamond and t.s. hahm) III. status of fusion simulation and modeling 1. Nonlinear Governing Equations for Plasma simulations (t. s. hahm) 2. Equilibrium and stability (L.L. Lao, J. Manickam) 3. transport modeling (R.E. Waltz) 4. Nonlinear MHD (G.Y. Fu) 5. turbulence (Z. Lin and R.E. Waltz) 6. RF heating and current drive (D.A. Batchelor) 7. Edge physics simulations (X.Q. Xu and C.s. Chang) 8. Energetic particle physics (F. Zonca, G.Y. Fu and s.J. Wang) 9. time-dependent Integrated Modeling (R.V. Budny) 10. Validation and verification (J. Manickam) IV. Major initiatives on fusion simulation 1. Us scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (sciDAC) Program & Fusion Energy science (W. tang) 2. EU Integrated tokamak Modelling (ItM) task Force (A. Becoulet) 3. Fusion simulations Activities in Japan (A. Fukuyama, N. Nakajima, Y. Kishimoto, t. Ozeki, and M. Yagi) V. Cross-disciplinary research in fusion simulation 1. Applied mathematics: Models, Discretizations, and solvers (D.E. Keyes) 2. Computational science (K. Li) 3. scientific Data and Workflow Management (s. Klasky, M. Beck, B. Ludaescher, N. Podhorszki, M.A. Vouk) 4. Collaborative tools (J. Manickam)

关键词： mode ItER

the impact of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), child-turcotte-pugh (CtP) score and disease staging on the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients: a retrospective cohort from single oncology center

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Oncology research 2025年第1期33卷 149-160页

作者： Nasser Mulla Yousef Katib Asim M Almughamsi Duaa s Alkhayat Mohamed Mosaad samir t Alfotih Rawan Alaofi Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Radiology Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of surgery Faculty of Medicine Taibah University Madinah 42278 Saudi Arabia. Department of Endemic and Infectious Diseases Suez Canal University Ismailia 41522 Egypt. King salman bin Abdulaziz Medical City Madinah 42311 Saudi Arabia. Prince Mohammed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital Madinah 41511 Saudi Arabia.

Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common cause of cancer-related death in saudi Arabia. Our study aimed to investigate the patterns of HCC and the effect of tNM staging, Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP), and Child-turcotte Pugh (CtP) on patients' overall survival (Os).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 HCC patients at a single oncology center in saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2020. All patients had to fulfill one of the following criteria: (a) a liver lesion reported as definitive HCC on dynamic imaging and/or (b) a biopsy-confirmed diagnosis.Results:the mean patient age of all HCC cases was 66.8 with a male-to-female ratio of 3.3:1. All patients were stratified into two groups: viral HCC (n = 22, 51%) and non-viral HCC (n = 21, 49%). Among viral-HCC patients, 55% were due to HBV and 45% due to HCV. Cirrhosis was diagnosed in 79% of cases. Age and sex did not significantly statistically differ in Os among viral and non-viral HCC patients (-value > 0.05). About 65% of patients had tumor size >5 cm during the diagnosis, with a significant statistical difference in Os (-value = 0.027). AFP was >400 ng/ml in 45% of the patients. there was a statistically significant difference in the Os in terms of AFP levels (-value = 0.021). A statistically significant difference was also observed between the CtP score and Os (-value = 0.02). CtP class B had the longest survival. BsC was the most common treatment provided to HCC patients followed by sorafenib therapy. there was a significant statistical difference in Os among viral and non-viral HCC patients (-value = 0.008).Conclusions:the most common predictors for Os were the underlying cause of HCC, AFP, and tumor size. Being having non-viral etiology, a tumor size >5 cm, an AFP > 400 ng/mL, and a CtP score class C were all negatively associated with Os.

关键词： Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) Child-turcotte-pugh Hepatocellular carcinoma Pattern Progression free survival

Verification of Gyrokinetic Particle of turbulent simulation of Device size scaling transport

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Plasma science and technology 2012年第12期14卷 1125-1126页

作者： LIN Zhihong s. EtHIER t. s. hahm W. M. tANG Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Irvine California 92697 USA princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08543 USA Department of Nuclear Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-744 Korea

Verification and historical perspective are presented on the gyrokinetic particle simulations that discovered the device size scaling of turbulent transport and indentified the geometry model as the source of the long... 详细信息

关键词： turbulence transport tokamak simulation

Free vibration and transient response of double curved beams connected by intermediate straight beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 37-62页

作者： R.A.JAFARI-tALOOKOLAEI H.GHANDVAR E.JUMAEV s.KHAtIR t.CUONG-LE school of Mechanical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering New Uzbekistan University University of Business and science Center for Engineering Application and technology solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open University

this paper investigates the free vibration and transient response of interconnected structures including double curved beams and intermediate straight beams,which are all constructed from functionally graded porous(FGP) materials. the strain potential and kinetic energies of each beam along with the work done by the external force are calculated. Additionally, a higher-order beam element is introduced to derive stiffness and mass matrices, along with the force vector. the curved and straight beams are discretized, and their assembled stiffness, mass matrices, and force vectors, are *** conditions at the joints are used to derive the total matrices of the entire structure. subsequently, the natural frequencies and transient response of the system are determined. the accuracy of the mathematical model and the self-developed computer program is validated through the comparison of the obtained results with those of the existing literature and commercial software ANsYs, demonstrating excellent ***, a comprehensive study is conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the free vibration and transient response of the considered structure.

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Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:traumatic brain injury(tBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

Comparison of EUV Photomask Metrology Between CD-AFM and tEM

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第2期5卷 91-100页

作者： Gaoliang Dai Kai hahm Lipfert sebastian Markus Heidelmann Physikalisch-technische Bundesanstalt 38116BraunschweigGermany Advanced Mask technology Center GmbH&Co.KG 01109DresdenGermany ICAN Universität Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany

Accurate metrology of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask is a crucial task. In this paper, two different methods for reference EUV photomask metrology are compared. One is the critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM). In the measurements, the contribution of its AFM tip geometry is usually the dominant error source, as measured AFM images are the dilated results of measured structures by the AFM tip geometry. to solve this problem, a bottom-up approach has been applied in calibrating the (effective) AFM tip geometry where the result is traceably calibrated to the lattice constant of silicon crystals. the other is transmission electron microscopy (tEM). For achieving measurement traceability, structure features are measured in pairs in tEM images;thus the distance between the structure pair calibrated by a metrological AFM in prior can be applied to determine the magnification of the tEM image. In this study, selected photomask structures are calibrated by the CD-AFM, and then sample prepared and measured by high-resolution tEM nearly at the same location. the results are then compared. Of six feature groups compared, the results agree well within the measurement uncertainty, indicating excellent performance of the developed methodology. this research supports the development of a photomask standard, which is applied as a “reference ruler” with improved low measurement uncertainty in photomask fabs.

关键词： Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)photomask standard traceable calibration Metrology Critical dimension(CD) Atomic force microscopy(AFM) transmission electron microscopy(tEM) High precision Low measurement uncertainty

Recent advances towards single biomolecule level understanding of protein adsorption phenomena unique to nanoscale polymer surfaces with chemical variations

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Nano Research 2020年第5期13卷 1295-1317页

作者： David H.Cho tian Xie Johnson truong Andrew C.stoner Jong-in hahm Department of Chemistry Georgetown University37th&O Sts.NW.WashingtonDC 20057USA

Protein adsorption onto polymer surfaces is a very complex and ubiquitous phenomenon whose integrated process impacts essential applications in our daily lives such as food packaging materials,health devices,diagnostic tools,and medical ***,novel polymer materials with greater chemical intricacy and reduced dimensionality are used for various applications involving adsorbed proteins on their ***,the nature of protein-surface interactions to consider is becoming much more complicated than before.A large body of literature exists for protein ***,most of these investigations have focused on collectively measured,ensemble-averaged protein behaviors that occur on macroscale and chemically unvarying polymer surfaces instead of direct measurements at the single protein or sub-protein *** addition,interrogations of protein-polymer adsorption boundaries in these studies were typically carried out by indirect methods,whose insights may not be suitably applied for explaining individual protein adsorption processes occurring onto nanostructured,chemically varying polymer ***,an important gap in our knowledge still exists that needs to be systematically addressed via direct measurement means at the single protein and sub-protein *** efforts will require multifaceted experimental and theoretical approaches that can probe multilength scales of protein adsorption,while encompassing both single proteins and their collective ensemble behaviors at the length scale spanning from the nanoscopic all the way to the macroscopic *** this review,key research achievements in nanoscale protein adsorption to date will be ***,protein adsorption studies involving polymer surfaces with their defining feature dimensions and associated chemical partitions comparable to the size of individual proteins will be discussed in *** this regard,recent works bridging the crucial knowledge gap in protein adso

关键词： nanoscale protein adsorption nanoscale protein assembly protein self-assembly on polymer protein nanopatterning protein-nanosurface interaction

semantic segmentation of Lumbar Vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s V V shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerves,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achieves high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from t1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae gives better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model