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HISP-1 Inhibits HSv-1 Infection in Cultured vero Cells

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 269-288页

作者： Sandra D. Adams Kevin t. Bilyk Modukuri v. Ramani Gottumukkala v. Subbaraju Department of Biology Montclair State University Montclair USA Department of Chemistry Andhara University Visakhapatnam India

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSv-1) remains a leading cause of viral disease worldwide and is spread by direct contact with infected lesions. there is no vaccine against HSv-1 infections and there remains a need to identify therapeutics that could reduce the spread. In this study various hispolon compounds were analyzed to determine their antiviral potential against HSv-1 infections in cultured vero cells. to determine the effects on infectivity and possible mechanisms of inhibition, the following assays were conducted. In vitro cytotoxicity assays were conducted to determine the effect of the compounds on cell viability and the maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations. Antiviral assays measured cell viability, percent inhibition of infection following treatment with the compounds, and the effect on the viral infection cycle. these effects were visualized using inverted light and fluorescent microscopy. Of the 24 hispolons tested, only hispolon pyrazole-1 (HISP-1) demonstrated antiviral effects. HISP-1 was demonstrated to effect early stages in HSv-1 infection in cultured vero cells (attachment, penetration, and post-penetration). In silico modeling analyses were conducted to analyze the interactions between HISP-1 and viral glycoprotein D (gD). HISP-1 is safe at concentrations tested and is effective in inhibiting infection of HSv-1 in cultured cells. HISP-1 has potential for therapeutic use as an antiviral against HSv-1 infection, could work in synergy with other antivirals that work be a different modality, and could be developed as a component of a topical agent to reduce the spread of HSv-1 infections.

关键词： Hispolon Herpes Simplex virus-1 Antiviral Curcumin

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the secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chemokine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel j.Hellenbrand Charles M.Quinn Zachariah j.Piper Ryan t.Elder Raveena R.Mishra taylor L.Marti Phoebe M.Omuro Rylie M.Roddick jae Sung Lee William L.Murphy Amgad S.Hanna Department of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of immune cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. therefore, a major aim of current research involves targeting the immune response as a treatment for spinal cord injury. Although much research has been performed analyzing the complex inflammatory process following spinal cord injury, there remain major discrepancies within previous literature regarding the timeline of local cytokine regulation. the objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the timeline of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dimorphisms in terms of cytokine levels, and determine local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a mild contusion, moderate contusion, severe contusion, or complete transection, 7 mm of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying times post-injury, and tissue homogenates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chemokine 27-Plex assay. Results demonstrated pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approximately 24 hours post-injury, while chemokines including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar development, increased more than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a mild injury, 11 cytokines demonstrated sexual dimorphisms; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between female and male rats. In conclusion, pro-inflammatory cytokines initiate the inf

关键词： astrocytes chemokines cytokines inflammation macrophages microglia secondary damage spinal cord injury

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Enhanced and asymmetric signatures of hybridization at climatic margins: Evidence from closely related dioecious fig species

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 181-193页

作者： jian-Feng Huang Clive t.Darwell Yan-Qiong Peng CAS Key Laboratory of tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOtEC) 113 Thailand Science ParkPhahonyothin RoadKhlong NuengKhlong LuangPathum Thani 12120Thailand

Hybridization plays a significant role in biological evolution. However, it is not clear whether ecological contingency differentially influences likelihood of hybridization, particularly at ecological margins where parental species may exhibit reduced fitnesses. Moreover, it is unknown whether future ecosystem change will increase the prevalence of hybridization. Ficus heterostyla and F. squamosa are closely related species co-distributed from southern thailand to southwest China where hybridization, yielding viable seeds, has been documented. As a robust test of ecological factors driving hybridization, we investigated spatial hybridization signatures based on nuclear microsatellites from extensive population sampling across a widespread contact range. Both species showed high population differentiation and strong patterns of isolation by distance. Admixture estimates exposed asymmetric interspecific gene flow.Signatures of hybridization increase significantly towards higher latitude zones, peaking at the northern climatic margins. Geographic variation in reproductive phenology combined with ecologically challenging marginal habitats may promote this phenomenon. Our work is a first systematic evaluation of such patterns in a comprehensive, latitudinally-based clinal context, and indicates that tendency to hybridize appears strongly influenced by environmental conditions. Moreover, that future climate change scenarios will likely alter and possibly augment cases of hybridization at ecosystem scales.

关键词： Hybridization Heterospecific visitation Fig Pollinator wasp Asymmetric gene flow

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Prompt neutron emission in 250No spontaneous fission associated with ground and isomeric state decays

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 112-117页

作者： R.S.Mukhin A.v.Isaev A.v.Andreev M.L.Chelnokov v.I.Chepigin H.M.Devaraja I.N.Izosimov A.A.Kuznetsova O.N.Malyshev A.G.Popeko Yu.A.Popov A.Rahmatinejad B.Sailaubekov t.M.Shneidman E.A.Sokol A.I.Svirikhin M.S.tezekbayeva M.A.Bychkov A.v.Yeremin O.Dorvaux B.Gall K.Kessaci K.Hauschild A.Lopez-Martens joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia Dubna State University Dubna141982Russia Institute of Nuclear Physics Almaty050032Kazakhstan L.N.Gumilyov Eurasian National University Astana010008Kazakhstan Kazan Federal University Kazan420008Russia Universitéde Strasbourg CNRSStrasbourg67000France IjCLab IN2P3-CNRSUniversitéParis-SaclayOrsay91400France

the complete-fusion reaction^(204)Pb(^(48)Ca,2n)^(250)No was used to study two activities of^(250)No with distinct half-lives.A total of 1357 events were observed in the SFiNx neutron detection system.the average number of neutrons emitted per spontaneous fission of^(250)No was determined to be(4.1±0.1).the unusually symmetrical shape of the prompt neutron multiplicity distribution was restored and presented for the first time.Statistical tests were performed to compare the prompt neutron multiplicity distributions associated with the ground state and K-isomer state decays.

关键词： spontaneous fission prompt neutrons actinide

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miniSCIDOM: a scintillator-based tomograph for volumetric dose reconstruction of single laser-driven proton bunches

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第2期12卷 41-50页

作者： A.Corvino M.Reimold E.Beyreuther F.-E.Brack F.Kroll j.Pawelke j.D.Schilz M.Schneider U.Schramm M.E.P.Umlandt K.Zeil t.Ziegler j.Metzkes-Ng Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf DresdenGermany technische Universität Dresden DresdenGermany OncoRay–National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTUD Dresden University of TechnologyHelmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–RossendorfDresdenGermany Current affiliation:Institut Curie UniversitéPSLCNRS UMR3347OrsayFrance Current affiliation:Universitätsklinikum Freiburg FreiburgGermany

Laser plasma accelerators(LPAs)enable the generation of intense and short proton bunches on a micrometre scale,thus offering new experimental capabilities to research fields such as ultra-high dose rate radiobiology or material analysis.Being spectrally broadband,laser-accelerated proton bunches allow for tailored volumetric dose deposition in a sample via single bunches to excite or probe specific sample properties.the rising number of such experiments indicates a need for diagnostics providing spatially resolved characterization of dose distributions with volumes of approximately 1 cm^(3) for single proton bunches to allow for fast online feedback.Here we present the scintillator-based miniSCIDOM detector for online single-bunch tomographic reconstruction of dose distributions in volumes of up to approximately 1 cm^(3).the detector achieves a spatial resolution below 500\unicode{x3bc}m and a sensitivity of 100 mGy.the detector performance is tested at a proton therapy cyclotron and an LPA proton source.the experiments’primary focus is the characterization of the scintillator’s ionization quenching behaviour.

关键词： beam monitoring detectors laser-driven proton beams scintillator-based diagnostics ultra-high dose rate

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Universal silicon ring resonator for error-free transmission links

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 701-711页

作者： jUNBO ZHU WEIWEI ZHANG KE LI BHARAt PANt MARtIN EBERt XINGZHAO YAN MEHDI BANAKAR DEHN t.tRAN CALLUM G.LIttLEjOHNS FUWAN GAN GRAHAM REED DAvID j.tHOMSON Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Peng Cheng Laboratory ShenzhenChina

We report the design, fabrication, and characterization of a universal silicon PN junction ring resonator for C band error-free communication links operated up to 50 Gb/s with co-designed optical modulation and detection performance. the universal p-n junction ring device shows co-designed detection responsivity up to 0.84 A/W, in conjunction with a modulation efficiency of -4 v·mm and>8 d B optical modulation extinction ratio, enabling C band 50 Gb/s NRZ communication link with a bit error rate≤3×10^(-12).

关键词： Gb/s resonator communication

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Older Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:Energy costs of human activities in adults aged 60 and older

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 13-17,F0003页

作者： Erik A.Willis Stephen D.Herrmann Mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht tiago v.Barreira john M.Schuna jr. Zhenghua Cai Minghui Quan Scott A.Conger Wendy j.Brown Barbara E.Ainsworth Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Clinical Science Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA School of Exercise&Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4229Australia College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA

Purpose:to describe the development of a Compendium for estimating the energy costs of activities in adults>60 years(OA Compendium).Methods:Physical activities(PAs)and their metabolic equivalent of task(MEt)values were obtained from a systematic search of studies published in 4 sport and exercise databases(PubMed,Embase,SPORtDiscus(EBSCOhost),and Scopus)and a review of articles included in the 2011 Adult Compendium that measured PA in older adults.MEt values were computed as the oxygen cost(vO_(2),mL/kg/min)during PA divided by 2.7 m L/kg/min(MEt_(60+))to account for the lower resting metabolic rate in older adults.Results:We identified 68 articles and extracted energy expenditure data on 427 PAs.From these,we derived 99 unique Specific Activity codes with corresponding MEt_(60+)values for older adults.We developed a website to present the OA Compendium MEt_(60+)values:https://pacompendium.com.Conclusion:the OA Compendium uses data collected from adults>60 years for more accurate estimation of the energy cost of PAs in older adults.It is an accessible resource that will allow researchers,educators,and practitioners to find MEt_(60+)values for older adults for use in PA research and practice.

关键词： Energy expenditure Exercise MEt Older adults

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越南铁路及机车车辆的现状及展望

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铁道标准设计 2024年

作者：樊子暄丁军君 CHIEN v t 吕涵李芾西南交通大学机械工程学院交通与运输大学机械工程学院

随着“一带一路”倡议的不断推进，中国与东南亚国家在铁路技术方面的联系越发密切。本文对越南铁路线路和机车车辆的技术指标、面临的挑战进行了介绍和思考。历经140余年的发展，越南铁路形成了以七条干线为主，总长约3?200?km的铁路... 详细信息

随着“一带一路”倡议的不断推进，中国与东南亚国家在铁路技术方面的联系越发密切。本文对越南铁路线路和机车车辆的技术指标、面临的挑战进行了介绍和思考。历经140余年的发展，越南铁路形成了以七条干线为主，总长约3?200?km的铁路网，其中共有2?500?km米轨线路、500?km准轨线路及200?km混合轨线路。目前共有383?辆机车以及6?094?辆各式车辆，其中机车大部分依靠进口，少量为本土生产，车辆绝大部分为本土生产。越南铁路技术标准与中国铁路标准相近，铁路系统较为完善，但由于长久以来缺乏足够重视及专业维护，导致越南铁路普遍存在钢轨磨损严重、线路条件较差、曲线过多、轮对磨耗严重等问题，制约了越南铁路的发展。越南交通部最新的发展规划中将有2?400?000?亿越南盾的新铁路项目，包括对2?440?km既有铁路线路的维护及新规划的9?条线路建设，将使越南铁路产生巨大变化。中越铁路连接已有百年历史，有良好的合作基础，在“一带一路”迅速发展的当下，应充分关注中越铁路轨距不同、运营环境不同等问题，进一步加强中越双方在铁路技术、机车车辆、铁路标准方面的合作，为中越铁路的建设与发展提供强而有力的支持。

关键词：越南铁路米轨铁路机车车辆线路条件线路标准发展规划

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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.Marquès L.Lancia P.Loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.tarisien E.Atukpor v.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli j.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,Phys.Plasmas 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas jet.Without tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb explosion.When the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are tailored.this forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).the spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe beam.the refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma tailoring.Comparison with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas jet.these parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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New trends in diagnosis and management of gallbladder carcinoma

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： Efstathios t Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis theodoros E Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeutic Department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(GB)carcinoma,although relatively rare,is the most common biliary tree cholangiocarcinoma with aggressiveness and poor prognosis.It is closely associated with cholelithiasis and long-standing large(>3 cm)gallstones in up to 90%of cases.the other main predisposing factors for GB carcinoma include molecular factors such as mutated genes,GB wall calcification(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcifications,and GB polyps≥1 cm in size.Diagnosis is made by ultrasound,computed tomography(Ct),and,more precisely,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperative staging is of great importance in decisionmaking regarding therapeutic management.Preoperative staging is based on MRI findings,the leading technique for liver metastasis imaging,enhanced three-phase Ct angiography,or magnetic resonance angiography for major vessel assessment.It is also necessary to use positron emission tomography(PEt)-Ct or ^(18)F-FDG PEt-MRI to more accurately detect metastases and any other occult deposits with active metabolic uptake.Staging laparoscopy may detect dissemination not otherwise found in 20%-28.6%of cases.Multimodality treatment is needed,including surgical resection,targeted therapy by biological agents according to molecular testing gene mapping,chemotherapy,radiation therapy,and immunotherapy.It is of great importance to understand the updated guidelines and current treatment options.the extent of surgical intervention depends on the disease stage,ranging from simple cholecystectomy(t1a)to extended resections and including extended cholecystectomy(t1b),with wide lymph node resection in every case or Iv-v segmentectomy(t2),hepatic trisegmentectomy or major hepatectomy accompanied by hepaticojejunostomy Roux-Y,and adjacent organ resection if necessary(t3).Laparoscopic or robotic surgery shows fewer postoperative complications and equivalent oncological outcomes when compared to open surgery,but much attention must be paid to avoiding injuries.In addition to surgery,novel targeted treatment along with immunotherapy and recen

关键词： Biliary tract neoplasms Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases Biliary tree diseases Gastrointestinal malignancies

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