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REVIEW Risk Assessment of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1989年第3期2卷 179-248页

作者： t.KUIPER-GOODMAN P.M.SCOtt Bureau of Chemical Safety Food Directorate Health Protection Branch Health and Welfare Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada K1A0L2

Ochratoxin A (OA) is a mycotoxin which has been found to occur in foods of plant origin, in edible animal tissues, as well as in human blood sera and tissues. the ability of OA to move up the food chain is aided by its long half-life in certain edible animal species. In this report, an evaluation of the health risks to Canadians due to the presence of OA in food products is presented. the first part of the report deals with the physicochemical aspects, mycology, laboratory production, analytical methods, and natural occurrence in plant products, animal products, and human tissues. the stability of OA in foods and feeds, the effects of food processing, and the removal from foods and feeds by physicochemical means are also discussed. from these data, the worst case estimate for the daily exposure of Canadians to OA, from the consumption of pork-based food products and cereal foods, is approximately 5 ng OA/kg body wt (mean of eaters) for young children, the highest consumption group on a body weight basis. the second part of the report deals with the metabolic disposition as well as the available toxicity database for OA in laboratory animals, farm animals, and humans. the major target for OA toxicity in all mammalian species tested is the kidney, and endemic nephropathies affecting livestock as well as humans have been attributed to OA. OA is also teratogenic, and in the fetus the major target is the developing central nervous system. Recent studies have provided 'clear evidence' of the carcinogenicity of OA in two rodent species. OA was found to be nonmutagenic in various microbial and mammalian gene mutation assays, but weak genotoxic activity to mammalian cells was noted. In addition, OA was found to suppress immune function. Based on the NtP carcinogenicity study with OA in rats, the estimated tolerable daily intake in humans ranges from 0.2 to 4.2 ng OA/kg body wt, depending on the method of extrapolation used. In view of the toxic properties of OA, it is recomm

关键词： OA REVIEW Risk Assessment of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A

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hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation Kinetics of a heavy Gas Oil over NiMo/Al_2O_3 Catalysts

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高校化学工程学报 2005年第6期19卷 762-766页

作者： DUAN Ai-jun XU Chun-ming LIN Shi-xiong ChUNG Keng h State Key Laboratory of heavy Oil Processing University of Petroleum Beijing 102249 China Syncrude Canada Ltd. 9421 - 17 Avenue Edmonton Alberta Canada T6N IH4

the kinetics of Athabasca bitumen derived heavy gas oil over NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts were studied in a JQ-II high-pressure microscale hydrotreator unit under different operation conditions, including temperature, pressure, h/O ratio and LhSV. the multi-parameter models of hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation were proposed. the model parameters verify that the hDS and hDN reactions follow 1.5-order and 1.6-order kinetic rules, respectively. the kinetic activation energies of hDN and hDS over Com, hom1 and hom2 show that homemade catalysts exhibit higher activities in hDN than commercial catalyst. Using the multi-parameter kinetic model to predict the contents of sulfur and nitrogen in products is in good agreement with the experimental data.

关键词：加氢脱硫加氢脱氮动力学模型重气油 NiMo/Al2O3催化剂

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Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activities of Eleutherine bulbosa(Mill.) Urb. extract against Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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Asian Pacific Journal of tropical Biomedicine 2019年第9期9卷 397-404页

作者： Waode Munaeni Widanarni Munti Yuhana Mia Setiawati Aris t.Wahyudi Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and Marine ScienceIPB University(Bogor Agricultural University)Bogor 16680Indonesia Department of Aquaculture Faculty of Fisheries and Marine ScienceHalu Oleo UniversityKendari 93232Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural ScienceIPB University(Bogor Agricultural University)Bogor 16680Indonesia

Objective: to analyze compounds in Eleutherine bulbosa(E. bulbosa)(Mill.) Urb. extract and to determine its antibacterial capability against Vibrio parahaemolyticus(V. parahaemolyticus).Methods: E. bulbosa bulb extract was preprared using 96% ethanol by the maceration method. Phytochemical investigation of E. bulbosa extract was analyzed using GC-MS, spectrophotometry and titrimetry methods. the zone of inhibition was identified by the diffusion agar method. the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were determined using the plate count method. the inhibitory rate against V. parahaemolyticus was determined by the microdilution method. Cellular leakage was evaluated by spectrophotometry and cellular damage was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: GC-MS analysis showed the high compound of the E. bulbosa extract was securixanthone E(7-hydroxy-1,2-dimethoxyxanthone). the compound groups also included fatty acid esters, isoquinolines, naphthalenes, and phenolics. the total phenolic content was(2.50 ± 0.00) mg/g, flavonoid(6.61 ± 0.00) mg/g, and tannin(0.03 ± 0.00)%. the greatest zone of inhibition and inhibitory rate were(11.83 ± 0.06) mm and(91.32 ± 2.76)%, respectively, at 10 mg/m L. the minimum inhibitory concentration was 0.156 mg/m L, while the minimum bactericidal concentration was 10 mg/m L. the E. bulbosa extract caused leakage and cellular damage to V. parahaemolyticus. Conclusions: the E. bulbosa extract possesses inhibitory activities against V. parahaemolyticus and causes cellular leakage and damage.

关键词： Phytochemical Eleutherine bulbosa Antibacterial Vibrio parahaemolyticus

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the Sensor Web:systems of sensor systems

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第1期2卷 16-30页

作者： t.L.van Zyl I.Simonis G.Mcferren ICt4EO The Meraka InstituteJohannesburgSouth Africa

Global Earth Observing System of Systems(GEOSS)presents a great challenge of System of Systems integration across organisational and political *** existing paradigm that can address the scale of the challenge is that of the Sensor *** this paradigm,the internet is evolving into an active,macro sensing instrument,capable of drawing sensory data from around the globe to the fingertips of *** Sensor Web will support scientific research and facilitate transparent political decision *** article presents some of the technologies explored and activities engaged in by the GEOSS Sensor Web community,towards achieving GEOSS goals.

关键词： Sensor Web digital earth architecture earth observation data acquisition systems of systems

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Influence of La3+ ion in the yttria matrix in improving the microhardness of infrared transparent nano LaxY2-xO3 sintered via hybrid heating

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2017年第3期6卷 240-250页

作者： Jijimon K. thOMAS Mathew C. t. Jacob KOShY Sam SOLOMON Electronic Materials Research Laboratory Department of Physics Mar Ivanios College Thiruvananthapuram 695015 Kerala India

In the present work, hybrid sintering technique which couples the resistive heating and microwave heating is employed to sinter infrared transparent La0.15Y1.85O3 to 99.2% of the theoretical density for the first time to the best of our knowledge. the presence of La3+ in the yttria matrix improves the hardness properties to a greater extent without affecting the transmittance properties, but there is a deterioration in the thermal properties of the sample. So we have limited our studies to La0.15Y1.85O3 which shows better optical, thermal, and hardness properties. the pellets fabricated from the ultra-fine nano powder with average particle size of ~12 nm synthesized by combustion technique and sintered at 1430 ℃ with an average grain size of 0.22 μm show ~80.1% transmittance in the UV–visible region and 81% in mid infrared region. for a comparative study of the optical, mechanical, and thermal properties, two other variants of sintering strategies namely conventional sintering and microwave sintering are also employed. A comprehensive analysis on the hardness reveals that the hardness of the pellets sintered via hybrid heating is 9.73 GPa and is superior to the pellets sintered using the other two techniques. the thermal conductivity of the sample is also analyzed in detail. the results clearly indicate that the La0.15Y1.85O3 ultra-fine nano powder synthesised by the single-step combustion method and sintered via microwave hybrid heating shows better transmittance properties without compromising the mechanical properties, and can be used very effectively for the fabrication of infrared transparent windows and domes.

关键词： La3+ concentration microhardness hybrid sintering infrared transparent ceramics thermal conductivity

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Measurements of Reactivity Worth of Rare-Earth Elements

Measurements of Reactivity Worth of Rare-Earth Elements

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作者： K.Shimozato K.Ieyama t.Kitada h.Okochi A.Yamamoto h.Unesaki Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University

INtRODUCtION:Rare-earth elements are considered as a candidate of advanced burnable ***, few critical experiments have been carried out so far to validate the accuracy of their nuclear *** critical experiments loaded with rare-earth elements(Dy,ho,Er and tm) were carried out and their reactivity worth were measured at the KUCA B *** experiments were performed on B3/8"P36EU(3) core and B1/8"P60EU-EU *** critical experiments attempt to estimate the validity of nuclear data of the rare-earth elements.

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A Price-elastic Approach for Optimal Scheduling of Small-scale Storage Devices in Smart houses with Short-term and Long-term Constraints

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 163-169页

作者： Kürşat tanriöven ferhat Daldaban Mahmut Erkut Cebeci Osman Bülent tör Saeed teimourzadeh Kayseri Electric Distribution Co. KayseriTurkey Erciyes University KayseriTurkey EPRA Electric Energy AnkaraTurkey

Consecutive charging and discharging of storage devices(SDs)might deem beneficial from the perspective of short-term ***,it highly impacts the life span of the embedded battery and render restrictions on energy storage *** investigate short-term and long-term constraints of SDs through a three-stage price-elastic approach to the optimal operation of small-scale SDs in smart *** first stage deals with data and scenario characterization where the data for determining short-term and long-term operation constraints of SD are *** number of scenarios are generated to represent uncertain parameters such as long-term demand forecasting,daily load profile,electricity price,and photovoltaic(PV)*** second stage optimizes the long-term operation of SD using the envisioned scenarios subject to the long-term operation constraints and the installment costs of *** outputs of this stage are two indicators referred to as price elasticity and price offset coefficients,which are used as the inputs for the third *** third stage is responsible for decision-making on short-term operation of *** outputs of the second stage along with short-term forecasting for daily electricity price,daily load and daily PV generation are *** on the acquired data,proper price elasticity and price offset are determined for optimal *** simulations are performed for different demand forecasting and electricity *** results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： Storage device depth-of-discharge life span smart house

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Crystallization inhibition of an amorphous sucrose system using raffinose

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2006年第2期7卷 85-89页

作者： LEINEN K.M. LABUZA t.P. Department of food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota St. Paul MN 55108 USA

the shelf life of pure amorphous sucrose systems, such as cotton candy, can be very short. Previous studies have shown that amorphous sucrose systems held above the glass transition temperature will collapse and crystallize. One study, however, showed that adding a small percent of another type of sugar, such as trehalose, to sucrose can extend the shelf life of the amorphous system by slowing crystallization. this study explores the hypothesis that raffinose increases the stability of an amorphous sucrose system. Cotton candy at 5 wt% raffinose and 95 wt% sucrose was made and stored at room temperature and three different relative humidities (%Rh) 11%Rh, 33%Rh, and 43%Rh. XRD patterns, and glass transition temperatures were obtained to determine the stability as a function of %Rh. the data collected showed that raffinose slows sucrose crystallization in a low moisture amorphous state above the glass transition temperature and therefore improves the stability of amorphous sucrose systems.

关键词： Crystallization Amorphous sucrose system Raffinose

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MhD three-dimensional flow of Jeffrey fluid with Newtonian heating

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第4期21卷 1428-1433页

作者： S.A.Shehzad t.hayat M.S.Alhuthali S.Asghar Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz University Department of Mathematics Comsats Institute of Information Technology

the magnetohydrodynamic(MhD) three-dimensional flow of Jeffrey fluid in the presence of Newtonian heating is investigated. flow is caused by a bidirectional stretching surface. Series solutions are constructed for the velocity and temperature fields. Convergence of series solutions is ensured graphically and numerically. the variations of key parameters on the physical quantities are shown and discussed in detail. Constructed series solutions are compared with the existing solutions in the limiting case and an excellent agreement is noticed. Nusselt numbers are computed with and without magnetic fields. It is observed that the Nusselt number decreases in the presence of magnetic field.

关键词： three-dimensional flow Jeffrey fluid Newtonian heating

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Series Solution for Rotating flow of an Upper Convected Maxwell fluid over a Stretching Sheet

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Communications in theoretical Physics 2011年第10期56卷 740-744页

作者： M.Sajid Z.Iqbal t.hayat S.Obaidat theoretical Plasma Physics Division PINSTECHP.O.Nilore Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad 44000Pakistan Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box.2455Riyadh 11451Saudi Arabia

the equations for two-dimensional flow of an upper convected Maxwell （UCM） fluid in a rotating frame are modeled. the resulting equations are first simplified by a boundary layer approach and then solved by a homotopy analysis method （hAM）. Convergence of series solution is discussed through residual error curves. the results of the influence of viscoelastic and rotation parameters are plotted and discussed.

关键词： rotating flow stretching sheet UCM fluid hAM solution residual error

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