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design,simulation,and testing of a tunable MEMS multi-threshold inertial switch

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 37-46页

作者： Qiu Xu Rodrigo t.Rocha Yousef Algoos Eric Feron Mohammad I.Younis Faculty of Electronic Information Engineering Huaiyin Institute of TechnologyHuai’an223003PR China Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955-6900Saudi Arabia Piezoelectric Microsystem technologies Silicon Austria LabsVillach9524Austria Physical Sciences and Engineering division King Abdullah University of Science and TechnologyThuwal23955Saudi Arabia Mechanical Engineering department State University of New YorkBinghamtonNY13902USA

this paper presents a tunable multi-threshold micro-electromechanical inertial switch with adjustable threshold *** demonstrated device combines the advantages of accelerometers in providing quantitative acceleration measurements and g-threshold switches in saving power when in the inactive state upon experiencing acceleration below the *** designed proof-of-concept device with two thresholds consists of a cantilever microbeam and two stationary electrodes placed at different positions in the sensing *** adjustable threshold capability and the effect of the shock duration on the threshold acceleration are analytically investigated using a nonlinear beam *** are shown for the relationships among the applied bias voltage,the duration of shock impact,and the tunable *** fabricated prototypes are tested using a shock-table *** analytical results agree with the experimental *** designed device concept is very promising for the classification of the shock and impact loads in transportation and healthcare applications.

关键词： tunable acceleration testing

three-stage pyrolysis–steam reforming–water gas shift processing of household,commercial and industrial waste plastics for hydrogen production

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Waste disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 25-37页

作者： Rayed Alshareef Robert Sait-Stewart Mohamad A.Nahil Paul t.Williams School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Five common single plastics and nine different household,commercial and industrial waste plastics were processed using a three-stage(i)pyrolysis,(ii)catalytic steam reforming and(iii)water gas shift reaction system to produce *** of plastics produces a range of different hydrocarbon species which are subsequently catalytically steam reformed to produce H_(2)and CO and then undergo water gas shift reaction to produce further H_(2).the process mimics the commercial process for hydrogen production from natural *** of the single polyalkene plastics(high-density polyethylene(HdPE),low-density polyethylene(LdPE),and polypropylene(PP))produced similar H_(2)yields between 115 mmol and 120 mmol per gram *** though PS produced an aromatic product slate from the pyrolysis stage,further stages of reforming and water gas shift reaction produced a gas yield and composition similar to that of the polyalkene plastics(115 mmol H_(2)per gram plastic).PEt gave significantly lower H_(2)yield(41 mmol per gram plastic)due to the formation of mainly CO,CO_(2)and organic acids from the pyrolysis stage which were not conducive to further reforming and water gas shift reaction.A mixture of the single plastics typical of that found in municipal solid waste produced a H_(2)yield of 102 mmol per gram *** the gas yields and composition from the single plastics enabled an estimation of the yields from a simulated waste plastic mixture and a‘real-world’waste plastic mixture to be *** different household,commercial and industrial waste plastic mixtures produced H_(2)yields between 70 mmol and 107 mmol per gram *** H_(2)yield and gas composition from the single waste plastics gave an indication of the type of plastics in the mixed waste plastic samples.

关键词： Waste plastic Hydrogen Catalyst Pyrolysis reforming Water gas shift

Unveiling ferroptosis as a promising therapeutic avenue for colorectal cancer and colitis treatment

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 3785-3801页

作者： Aaron t.Kaoy Christian V.Cabanlongy Kendra Padilla Xiang Xue department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Ferroptosis is a novel type of regulated cell death(RCd)involving iron accumulation and lipid *** its discovery in 2012,various studies have shown that ferroptosis is associated with the pathogenesis of various *** cell death has also been linked to intestinal dysfunction but can act as either a positive or negative regulator of intestinal disease,depending on the cell type and disease *** continued investigation of mechanisms underlying ferroptosis provides a wealth of potential for developing novel *** the growing prevalence of intestinal diseases,particularly colorectal cancer(CRC)and inflammatory bowel disease(IBd),this review article focuses on potential therapeutics targeting the ferroptotic pathway in relation to CRC and IBd.

关键词： Ferroptosis Colorectal cancer Inflammatory bowel disease Cell death Molecular mechanisms Iron metabolism drug therapies targeted therapeutics

Féeton(B-L gauge boson)dark matter for the 511-keV gamma-ray excess and the prediction of low-energy neutrino flux

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 76-82页

作者： Jie Sheng Yu Cheng Weikang Lin tsutomu t.Yanagida tsung-dao Lee Institute&School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChina Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE)&Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China South-Western Institute For Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Kavli IPMU(WPI) UTIASUniversity of TokyoKashiwa277-8583Japan

the féeton is the gauge boson of the U(1)_(B−L) gauge *** the gauge coupling constant is extremely small,the féeton becomes a candidate for dark *** show that its decay to a pair of an electron and a positron explains the observed Galactic 511-keV gamma-ray excess in a consistent *** féeton dark matter decays mainly into pairs neutrino and *** low-energy experiments with improved directional capability will enable capturing these neutrino *** seesaw-motivated parameter space predicts a relatively short féeton lifetime that is comparable to the current cosmological constraint.

关键词： feeton 511-keV gamma-ray excess low-energy neutrino

Investigation on FBG based optical sensor for pressure and temperature measurement in civil application

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Optoelectronics Letters 2024年第9期20卷 531-536页

作者： Somesh Nandi Chethana K t Srinivas Preeta Sharan department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Rashtreeya Vidyalaya College of EngineeringBangalore560059India department of Electronics and Communications Jyothy Institute of TechnologyBangalore 560082India department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India department of Electronics and Communications the Oxford College of EngineeringBangaloreIndia

Optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)sensors have advanced significantly in the last several *** use of innovative FBG in temperature and pressure measurement is examined in this *** benefits of FBGs,such as their compact size,low weight,resilience to corrosion,immunity to electromagnetic interference,distributed sensing,and remote monitoring,have brought attention to the growing research in this field of structural health monitoring of civil infrastructures.

关键词： immunity civil application

A Rapid Parameter of Enzyme-treated Cellulosic Material Revealed by Reducing Sugar Release

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 539-551页

作者： Verônica távilla Ferreira Silva Adriane Maria Ferreira Milagres departamento de Biotecnologia Escola de Engenharia de LorenaUniversidade de São PauloLorenaSP12602-810Brazil

this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of enzymes in purifying and reducing the degree of polymerization of cellulose for the production of dissolving *** goal was to determine the contributions of xylanase(X)and endoglucanase(EG)in the treatment of pulp,specifically by quantifying the formation of soluble and insoluble reducing sugars using the dinitrosalycilic acid(dNS)***,the release of soluble reducing sugars(RSSol)was enhanced after xylanase treatment,while endoglucanase(EG)treatment led to changes in insoluble reducing sugars(RSIns).the maximum synergism was observed for RSIns when a high ratio of endoglucanase to xylanase(320EG:5X/g pulp)was *** relative contribution of endoglucanase to RSins was determined to be 15.6%of the total reducing *** viscosity of pulps treated with xylanase decreased only by 7%,whereas endoglucanase treatment significantly reduced viscosity by 45%.Modifications in the particle size were observed after pulp treatment with the combination of endoglucanase and *** summary,the dNS test is a rapid and effective method for evaluating the efficiency of enzyme treatments on *** measurement of RSIns correlates with changes in pulp viscosity to different extents,providing valuable insights into the effectiveness of enzyme treatments.

关键词： Endoglucanase xylanase cellulose fiber pulp synergism

Current considerations on intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct and pancreatic duct

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第10期30卷 1461-1465页

作者： Efstathios t Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis theodoros E Pavlidis 2^(nd) Propedeutic department of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Pancreatobiliary intraductal papillary neoplasms(IPNs)represent precursors of pancreatic cancer or bile duct cholangiocarcinoma that can be detected and *** advances in diagnostic methods,identifying these premalignant lesions is still challenging for treatment *** imaging,biomarkers and molecular tests for genomic alterations can be used for diagnosis and *** intervention in combination with new chemotherapeutic agents is considered the optimal treatment for malignant *** balance between the risk of malignancy and any risk of resection guides management policy;therefore,treatment should be individualized based on a meticulous preoperative assessment of high-risk *** of the bile duct is more aggressive;thus,early diagnosis and surgery are *** conservative management of low-risk pancreatic branch-duct lesions is safe and effective.

关键词： Biliary tree diseases Pancreatic cystic neoplasms Biliary tract neoplasms Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Role of gut-liver axis and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2964-2980页

作者： Jakub Rochoń Piotr Kalinowski Ksenia Szymanek-Majchrzak MichałGrąt department of General Transplant and Liver SurgeryMedical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-097Poland department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-004Poland

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLd)is a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic *** is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide and shows increasing prevalence rates in most *** is a progressive disease with the most severe cases presenting as advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis with an increased risk of hepatocellular *** microbiota play a significant role in the pathogenesis and progression of MAFLd by disrupting the gut-liver *** mechanisms involved in maintaining gut-liver axis homeostasis are *** critical aspect involves preserving an appropriate intestinal barrier permeability and levels of intestinal lumen metabolites to ensure gutliver axis *** increase in intestinal barrier permeability induces metabolic endotoxemia that leads to ***,alterations in the absorption of various metabolites can affect liver metabolism and induce liver steatosis and ***-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs)are a class of drugs developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes *** are also commonly used to combat obesity and have been proven to be effective in reversing hepatic *** mechanisms reported to be involved in this effect include an improved regulation of glycemia,reduced lipid synthesis,β-oxidation of free fatty acids,and induction of autophagy in hepatic ***,multiple peptide receptor agonists have been introduced and are expected to increase the effectiveness of the treatment.A modulation of gut microbiota has also been observed with the use of these drugs that may contribute to the amelioration of *** review presents the current understanding of the role of the gutliver axis in the development of MAFLd and use of members of the GLP-1 RA family as pleiotropic agents in the treatment of MAFLd.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Metabolic syndrome Obesity Gastrointestinal microbiota Glucagon-like peptide-1 Glucagon-like peptide-2 Bariatric surgery

Colonic schistosomiasis mimicking cancer,polyp,and inflammatory bowel disease:Five case reports and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第8期16卷 472-482页

作者： Sebhatleab t Mulate Abdulsemed M Nur Abel t tasamma Rodas t Annose Esmael M dawud Kinfe W Ekubazgi Hailemichael d Mekonnen Hidaya Y Mohammed Meron B Hailemeskel Shimelis A Yimer department of Internal Medicine Addis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyAddis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia department of Internal Medicine St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia department of Internal Medicine Hawassa UniversityHawassa PO Box 05Ethiopia department of Internal Medicine St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 1271Ethiopia department of Pathology Addis Ababa UniversityCollege of Health ScienceAddis Ababa 9086Ethiopia department of Pathology St Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical CollegeAddis Ababa 1271Ethiopia department of Pathology Ethio Tebib General HospitalAddis Ababa 1111Ethiopia

BACKGROUNd Schistosomiasis,officially named as a neglected tropical disease by the World Health Organization,is a serious parasitic disease caused by trematode flukes of the genus *** is a common infectious disease,endemic in more than 78 *** disease can involve various organs and poses far-reaching public health *** SUMMARY Here,we present a series of five patients with variable presentations:an asymptomatic patient who was diagnosed with colonic schistosomiasis upon screening colonoscopy;2 patients with clinical suspicion of colonic cancer;and 2 patients with a clinical diagnosis of inflammatory bowel *** patients were subsequently confirmed to have colonic schistosomiasis after colonoscopy and histopathologic *** clinical manifestations,colonoscopy features and histologic findings of the patients are *** of the patients showed significant clinical improvement following administration of oral *** Intestinal schistosomiasis can present with features mimicking other gastrointestinal *** disease should be a diagnostic consideration in patients who live in or have traveled to endemic areas.

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma Colon Polyp Ethiopia Case report