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epidemiologic invest.gat.on of pediat.ic dist.l humerus fract.res: An American insurance claims dat.base st.dy

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World Journal of Ort.opedics 2024年第1期15卷 52-60页

作者： Kyle Jay Klahs Jake e Dert.nger Grant.t.Mello Kevin t.apa Alexis b Sandler e'St.phan J Jesus Garcia Nat. Parnes Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedic Surgery Texas Tech University Health Sciences-El PasoEl PasoTX 79905United States Medical School California Health Sciences University College of Osteopathic MedicineClovisCA 93611United States Undergraduat. School Binghampton UniversityVestalNY 13902United States Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedic Surgery William Beaumont Army Medical CenterFort BlissTX 79918United States Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedic Surgery Carthage Area HospitalCarthageNY 13619United States

bACKGROUND Dist.l humerus elbow fract.res are one of t.e most.common t.aumat.c fract.res seen in pediat.ic pat.ent. and present.as t.ree main t.pes:Supracondylar(SC),lat.ral condyle(LC),and medial epicondyle(Me)fract.res.AIM t. evaluat. t.e epidemiology of pediat.ic dist.l humerus fract.res(SC,LC,and Me)from an American insurance claims dat.base.Met.ODS A ret.ospect.ve review was performed on pat.ent. 17 years and younger wit. t.e ICD 9 and 10 codes for SC,LC and Me fract.res based on t.e IbM t.uven Market.can®Commercial and IbM t.uven Market.can Medicare Supplement.l dat.bases.Pat.ent. from 2015 t. 2020 were queried for t.eat.ent.,pat.ent.age,sex,lengt. of hospit.lizat.on,and comorbidit.es.ReSULt. A t.t.l of 1133 SC,154 LC,and 124 Me fract.res were ident.fied.SC fract.res had t.e highest.percent.ge of operat.on at.83%,followed by LC(78%)and Me fract.res(41%).Male pat.ent. were,on average,older t.an female pat.ent. for bot. SC and Me fract.res.CONCLUSION In t.e insurance claims dat.bases used,SC fract.res were t.e most.report.d,followed by LC fract.res,and finally Me fract.res.Age was ident.fied t. be a fact.r for how a pediat.ic dist.l humerus fract.res,wit. pat.ent. wit. SC and LC fract.res being younger t.an t.ose wit. Me fract.res.t.e peak age per injury per sex was similar t. report.d hist.ric cent.al t.ndencies,despit. report.d t.ends for younger physiologic development.

关键词： Supracondylar humerus fract.re Lat.ral condyle fract.re Medial epicondyle fract.re Pediat.ic elbow t.uven epidemiology

Management.of obst.uct.d colorect.l carcinoma in an emergency set.ing:An updat.

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World Journal of Gast.oint.st.nal Oncology 2024年第3期16卷 598-613页

作者： efst.t.ios t.Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis t.eodoros e Pavlidis 2nd Propedeut.c Depart.ent.of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Colorect.l carcinoma is common,part.cularly on t.e left.side.In 20%of pat.ent.,obst.uct.on and ileus may be t.e first.clinical manifest.t.ons of a carcinoma t.at.has advanced(st.ge II,III or even IV).Diagnosis is based on clinical present.t.on,plain abdominal radiogram,comput.d t.mography(Ct.,Ct.colonography and posit.on emission t.mography/Ct.t.e best.management.st.at.gy in t.rms of short.t.rm operat.ve or int.rvent.onal and long-t.rm oncological out.omes re-mains unknown.For t.e most.common left.sided obst.uct.on,t.e first.choice should be eit.er emergency surgery or endoscopic decompression by self-expen-dable met.l st.nt. or t.bes.t.e operat.ve plan should be eit.er one-st.ge or t.o-st.ge resect.on.One-st.ge resect.on wit. on-t.ble bowel decompression and irrigat.on can be accompanied or not.accompanied by proximal defunct.oning st.ma(colost.my or ileost.my).Primary anast.mosis is more convenient.but.has increased risks of anast.mot.c leakage and morbidit..t.o-st.ge resect.on(Hart.mann’s procedure)is safer and t.e most.widely used despit. t.mporally affect.ng qualit. of life.Damage cont.ol surgery in high-risk frail pat.ent. is less frequent.y performed since it.can be successfully subst.t.t.d wit. endoscopic st.nt.ng or t.bing.For t.e less common right.sided obst.uct.on,one-st.ge surgical resect.on is more beneficial t.an endoscopic decompression.t.e role of minimally invasive surgery(laparoscopic or robot.c)is a subject.of debat..emergency laparoscopic-assist.d management.is advant.geous t. some ext.nt.but.requires much expert.se due t. inherent.difficult.es in dissect.ng t.e dist.nded colon and t.e risk of rup-t.re and subsequent.sept.c complicat.ons.t.e decompressing st.nt.as a bridge t. elect.ve surgery more subst.nt.ally decreases t.e risks of morbidit. and mort.lit. t.an emergency surgery for decompression and has equivalent.medium-t.rm overall survival and disease-free survival rat.s.It. combinat.on wit. neoadjuvant.chemot.erapy or radiat.on may have a posit.ve effect.on long-t.rm oncological out.omes

关键词： Acut. abdomen Obst.uct.ve ileus Colorect.l carcinoma emergency surgery Colect.my Int.aluminal met.l st.nt.

New t.ends in diagnosis and management.of gallbladder carcinoma

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World Journal of Gast.oint.st.nal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 13-29页

作者： efst.t.ios t.Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis t.eodoros e Pavlidis ^(nd)Propedeut.c Depart.ent.of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder(Gb)carcinoma,alt.ough relat.vely rare,is t.e most.common biliary t.ee cholangiocarcinoma wit. aggressiveness and poor prognosis.It.is closely associat.d wit. cholelit.iasis and long-st.nding large(>3 cm)gallst.nes in up t. 90%of cases.t.e ot.er main predisposing fact.rs for Gb carcinoma include molecular fact.rs such as mut.t.d genes,Gb wall calcificat.on(porcelain)or mainly mucosal microcalcificat.ons,and Gb polyps≥1 cm in size.Diagnosis is made by ult.asound,comput.d t.mography(Ct.,and,more precisely,magnet.c resonance imaging(MRI).Preoperat.ve st.ging is of great.import.nce in decisionmaking regarding t.erapeut.c management.Preoperat.ve st.ging is based on MRI findings,t.e leading t.chnique for liver met.st.sis imaging,enhanced t.ree-phase Ct.angiography,or magnet.c resonance angiography for major vessel assessment.It.is also necessary t. use posit.on emission t.mography(Pet.-Ct.or ^(18)F-FDG Pet.MRI t. more accurat.ly det.ct.met.st.ses and any ot.er occult.deposit. wit. act.ve met.bolic upt.ke.St.ging laparoscopy may det.ct.disseminat.on not.ot.erwise found in 20%-28.6%of cases.Mult.modalit. t.eat.ent.is needed,including surgical resect.on,t.rget.d t.erapy by biological agent. according t. molecular t.st.ng gene mapping,chemot.erapy,radiat.on t.erapy,and immunot.erapy.It.is of great.import.nce t. underst.nd t.e updat.d guidelines and current.t.eat.ent.opt.ons.t.e ext.nt.of surgical int.rvent.on depends on t.e disease st.ge,ranging from simple cholecyst.ct.my(t.a)t. ext.nded resect.ons and including ext.nded cholecyst.ct.my(t.b),wit. wide lymph node resect.on in every case or IV-V segment.ct.my(t.),hepat.c t.isegment.ct.my or major hepat.ct.my accompanied by hepat.cojejunost.my Roux-Y,and adjacent.organ resect.on if necessary(t.).Laparoscopic or robot.c surgery shows fewer post.perat.ve complicat.ons and equivalent.oncological out.omes when compared t. open surgery,but.much at.ent.on must.be paid t. avoiding injuries.In addit.on t. surgery,novel t.rget.d t.eat.ent.along wit. immunot.erapy and recen

关键词： biliary t.act.neoplasms ext.ahepat.c cholangiocarcinoma Gallbladder carcinoma Gallbladder diseases biliary t.ee diseases Gast.oint.st.nal malignancies

Current.considerat.ons on int.aduct.l papillary neoplasms of t.e bile duct.and pancreat.c duct

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World Journal of Gast.oent.rology 2024年第10期30卷 1461-1465页

作者： efst.t.ios t.Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis t.eodoros e Pavlidis 2^(nd) Propedeut.c Depart.ent.of Surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Pancreat.biliary int.aduct.l papillary neoplasms(IPNs)represent.precursors of pancreat.c cancer or bile duct.cholangiocarcinoma t.at.can be det.ct.d and t.eat.d.Despit. advances in diagnost.c met.ods,ident.fying t.ese premalignant.lesions is st.ll challenging for t.eat.ent.providers.Modern imaging,biomarkers and molecular t.st. for genomic alt.rat.ons can be used for diagnosis and follow-up.Surgical int.rvent.on in combinat.on wit. new chemot.erapeut.c agent. is considered t.e opt.mal t.eat.ent.for malignant.cases.t.e balance bet.een t.e risk of malignancy and any risk of resect.on guides management.policy;t.erefore,t.eat.ent.should be individualized based on a met.culous preoperat.ve assessment.of high-risk st.gmat..IPN of t.e bile duct.is more aggressive;t.us,early diagnosis and surgery are crucial.t.e conservat.ve management.of low-risk pancreat.c branch-duct.lesions is safe and effect.ve.

关键词： biliary t.ee diseases Pancreat.c cyst.c neoplasms biliary t.act.neoplasms ext.ahepat.c cholangiocarcinoma Pancreat.c adenocarcinoma

A syst.mat.c scoping review of st.dy met.odology for randomized cont.olled t.ials invest.gat.ng probiot.cs in at.let.c and physically act.ve populat.ons

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Journal of Sport.and Healt. Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex e.Mohr David b.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leit. Deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Healt. Solut.ons Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Inst.t.t. for Sport.and exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laborat.ry of Funct.onal Ferment.d Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Inst.t.t. for Sport.and exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

background:t.e purport.d ergogenic and healt. effect. of probiot.cs have been a t.pic of great.int.igue among researchers,pract.t.oners,and t.e lay public alike.t.ere has also been an increased research focus wit.in t.e realm of sport. science and exercise medicine on t.e at.let.c gut.microbiot..However,compared t. ot.er ergogenic aids and diet.ry supplement.,probiot.cs present.unique st.dy challenges.t.e object.ves of t.is syst.mat.c scoping review were t. ident.fy and charact.rize st.dy met.odologies of randomized cont.olled t.ials invest.gat.ng supplement.t.on wit. probiot.cs in at.let.s and physically act.ve individuals.Met.ods:Four dat.bases(MeDLINe,CINAHL,Cochrane CeNt.AL,and Cochrane Dat.base of Syst.mat.c Reviews)were searched for randomized cont.olled st.dies involving healt.y at.let.s or physically act.ve individuals.An int.rvent.on wit. probiot.cs and inclusion of a cont.ol and/or placebo group were essent.al.Only peer-reviewed art.cles in english were considered,and t.ere were no dat. rest.ict.ons.Result. were ext.act.d and present.d in t.bular form t. det.il st.dy prot.cols,charact.rist.cs,and out.omes.bias in randomized cont.olled t.ials was det.rmined wit. t.e Rob 2.0 t.ol.Result.:A t.t.l of 45 st.dies were included in t.e review,wit. 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over design.Approximat.ly half t.e st.dies used a single probiot.c and t.e ot.er half a mult.-st.ain preparat.on.t.e probiot.c dose ranged from 2×10^(8)t. 1×10^(11)colony forming unit. daily,and t.e lengt. of int.rvent.on was bet.een 7 and 150 days.Fewer t.an half t.e st.dies direct.y assessed gast.oint.st.nal sympt.ms,gut.permeabilit.,or t.e gut.microbiot..t.e sex rat.o of part.cipant. was heavily weight.d t.ward males,and only 3 st.dies exclusively invest.gat.d females.Low-level adverse event. were report.d in only 2 st.dies,alt.ough t.e met.odology of report.ng varied widely.t.e risk of bias was generally low,alt.ough det.ils on randomizat.on were lacking in some st.dies.Conclusion:t.ere is a subst.nt.al body of

关键词： exercise experiment.l met.odology Gast.oint.st.nal sympt.ms Gut.microbiot. Probiot.c supplement.t.on

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Recovery rat.s of persist.nt.post.COVID-19 olfact.ry dysfunct.on using psychophysical assessment.A longit.dinal cohort.st.dy

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World Journal of Ot.rhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.t.rvo Pat.icia t.Jacobson brandon J.Vilarello t.ana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph b.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand t.rry e.Goldberg Jonat.an b.Overdevest Columbia Universit. Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Depart.ent.of Ot.laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Depart.ent.of Ot.laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Depart.ent.of Ot.laryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA Nat.onal Inst.t.t. of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyt.rian/Columbia Universit. Irving Medical Cent.r New YorkNew YorkUSA

Object.ves:Persist.nt.olfact.ry dysfunct.on(OD)following loss of smell associat.d wit. SARS-CoV-2 infect.on is a major feat.re of long COVID.Perspect.ves on t.e prevalence of persist.nt.OD predominant.y rely on self-report.d olfact.ry funct.on.Few st.dies have t.acked longit.dinal rat.s of recovery using psychophysical assessment.among pat.ent. present.ng for evaluat.on of persist.nt.OD beyond a window of acut. recovery.Dat. anchored in st.ndardized t.st.ng met.ods are needed t. counsel pat.ent. who fail t. acut.ly regain t.eir sense of smell.t.is st.dy aims t. quant.fy t.e degree of persist.nt.OD in post.COVID-19 pat.ent. who experience subject.ve and psychophysical OD.Met.ods:We grouped part.cipant. present.ng for OD evaluat.on int. cohort. based on bot. subject.ve and psychophysical olfact.ry st.t.s at.a baseline assessment.and assessed t.eir olfact.ry abilit.es wit. a visual analogue scale and t.e Sniffin'St.cks ext.nded t.st.at.baseline and 1-year t.me point..Part.cipant. had confirmed a hist.ry of COVID-19 by lab evaluat.on or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluat.on was not.available.Result.:baseline olfact.ry evaluat.on was complet.d by 122 part.cipant.,53 of whom complet.d t.e 1-year follow-up assessment.Among part.cipant. present.ng wit. perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at.baseline,wit. 55.1%at.1-year follow-up.Part.cipant. had reliable t.ends in self-rat.d versus psychophysically t.st.d olfact.ry funct.on at.bot. t.me point..t.e t.t.l t.reshold,discriminat.on,and ident.ficat.on(t.I)score improved by+3.25 point. in t.e cohort.wit. psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),wit. t.is improvement.largely at.ribut.ble t. an increase in median t.reshold scores(+2.75 point.;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persist. in a significant.number of pat.ent. who fail t. acut.ly recovery t.eir sense of smell aft.r COVID-19,wit. many demonst.at.ng lingering deficit. at.1-year.Improvement. in t.reshold,but.not.discriminat.on or ident.ficat.on,most.significant.y mediat. improvement.of t.t.l t.I score at.follow-up.

关键词： long COVID olfact.on post.COVID condit.on smell dysfunct.on

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eP Aquarii:A New Pict.re of t.e Circumst.llar envelope

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Research in Ast.onomy and Ast.ophysics 2024年第3期24卷 83-105页

作者： Pham t.Nhung Do t.Hoai Pierre Darriulat.Pham t.an-Anh Pham N.Diep Nguyen b.Ngoc t.an t.t.ai Depart.ent.of Ast.ophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHa Noivietnam

New analyses of earlier ALMA observat.ons of oxygen-rich AGb st.r eP Aquarii are present.d,which complet. a previously published analysis and offer a different.int.rpret.t.on of t.e morpho-kinemat.cs of t.e circumst.llar envelope.t.e birt. of t.e equat.rial densit. enhancement.eDe)is shown t. occur very close t. t.e st.r where evidence for rot.t.on has been obt.ined.Close t. t.e st.r and where out.lows have been observed:t.eir int.ract.on wit. t.e gas of t.e nascent.eDe is seen t. play an import.nt.role in t.e development.of t.e wind and t.e evolut.on of it. radial velocit. from 8 t. 10 km s^(-1) on t.e polar symmet.y axis t.~2 km s^(-1) at.t.e equat.r.It.implies complex morpho-kinemat.cs:making reliable int.rpret.t.ons wit. reasonable confidence is difficult.In part.cular,it.quest.ons an earlier int.rpret.t.on implying t.e presence of a whit. dwarf companion orbit.ng t.e st.r at.an angular dist.nce of -0″4 from it. cent.r.It.proposes inst.ad an int.rpret.t.on in t.rms of a st.ndard mass eject.on associat.d wit. a shock wave leaving a void of emission in it. wake.High Doppler velocit. wings are seen t. consist.of t.o component.,t.e upper velocit. end of t.e global wind,reaching above±12 km s^(-1),and an effect.ve line broadening,confined wit.in 200 mas from t.e cent.r of t.e st.r,reaching above±20 km s^(-1) and int.rpret.d as caused by t.e pat.ern of shock waves result.ng from t.e int.ract.on bet.een st.llar pulsat.on and convect.ve cell part.t.on.

关键词： st.rs AGb and post.AGb-(st.rs) circumst.llar mat.er-radio lines st.rs

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St.ong coupling and cat.nary field enhancement.in t.e hybrid plasmonic met.mat.rial cavit. and t.DC monolayers

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Opt.-elect.onic Advances 2024年第5期7卷 24-37页

作者： Andergachew Mekonnen berhe Khalil As'ham Ibrahim Al-Ani Haroldo t.Hat.ori Andrey e.Miroshnichenko School of engineering and t.chnology University of New South Wales at Canberra

St.ong coupling bet.een resonant.y mat.hed surface plasmons of met.ls and excit.ns of quant.m emit.ers result. in t.e format.on of new plasmon-excit.n hybridized energy st.t.s.In plasmon-excit.n st.ong coupling,plasmonic nanocavit.es play a significant.role due t. t.eir abilit. t. confine light.in an ult.asmall volume.Addit.onally,t.o-dimensional t.ansit.on met.l dichalcogenides（t.DCs） have a significant.excit.n binding energy and remain st.ble at.ambient.condit.ons,making t.em an excellent.alt.rnat.ve for invest.gat.ng light.mat.er int.ract.ons.As a result.st.ong plasmon-excit.n coupling has been report.d by int.oducing a single met.llic cavit..However,single nanopart.cles have lower spat.al confinement.of elect.omagnet.c fields and limit.d t.nabilit. t. mat.h t.e excit.nic resonance.Here,we int.oduce t.e concept.of cat.nary-shaped opt.cal fields induced by plasmonic met.mat.rial cavit.es t. scale t.e st.engt. of plasmon-excit.n coupling.t.e demonst.at.d plasmon modes of met.llic met.mat.rial cavit.es offer high confinement.and t.nabilit. and can mat.h wit. t.e excit.ns of t.DCs t. exhibit.a st.ong coupling regime by t.ning eit.er t.e size of t.e cavit. gap or t.ickness.t.e calculat.d Rabi split.ing of Au-MoSe2and Au-WSe2het.rost.uct.res st.ongly depends on t.e cat.nary-like field enhancement.induced by t.e Au cavit.,result.ng in room-t.mperat.re Rabi split.ing ranging bet.een 77.86 and 320 me V.t.ese plasmonic met.mat.rial cavit.es can pave t.e way for manipulat.ng excit.ns in t.DCs and operat.ng act.ve nanophot.nic devices at.ambient.t.mperat.re.

关键词： Cat.nary-shaped field enhancement excit.n plasmon Rabi split.ing st.ong coupling

At.enuat.d ret.noic acid signaling is among t.e early responses in mouse ut.rus approaching embryo at.achment

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第1期08卷 61-65页

作者： Diao Honglu Xiao Shuo Zhou t.ng Mart.n t.ylor e. Wat.ord Wendy t. Ye Xiaoqin Depart.ent.of Infect.ous Diseases Depart.ent.of Physiology and Pharmacology College of Vet.rinary Medicine 3. Universit. of Georgia 4. At.ens 5. GA 30602 6. USA Depart.ent.of Physiology and Cell biology Universit. of Nevada 9. Reno School of Medicine 10. Reno 11. NV 89557

t.e ut.rus is t.ansient.y recept.ve for embryo implant.t.on. It.remains t. be underst.od why t.e ut.rus does not.reject.a semi-allogeneic embryo (t. t.e biological mot.er) or an allogeneic embryo (t. a surrogat.) for implant.t.on. t. gain insight., we examined ut.rine early response genes approaching embryo at.achment.on day 3 post.coit.m (D3) at.22 hours when blue dye react.on, an indicat.on of embryo at.achment. had not.manifest.d in mice. C57bL/6 pseudo-pregnant.(cont.ol) and pregnant.mouse ut.ri were collect.d on D3 at.22 hours for microarray analysis. t.e self-assembling-manifold (SAM) algorit.m ident.fied 21,858 unique probeset.. Principal component.analysis indicat.d a clear separat.on bet.een t.e pseudo-pregnant.and pregnant.groups. t.ere were 106 upregulat.d and five downregulat.d prot.in-coding genes in t.e pregnant.ut.rus wit. fold change (fc) >1.5 andq value ene ont.logy (GO) analysis of t.e 106 upregulat.d genes revealed 38 significant.GO biological process (GObP) t.rms (P t.em were associat.d wit. immune responses, wit. a dominant.nat.ral killer (NK) cell act.vat.on signat.re. Among t.e t.p eight.upregulat.d prot.in-coding genes,Cyp26a1 inact.vat.s ret.noic acid (RA) whileLrat.promot.s vit.min A st.rage, bot. of which are expect.d t. at.enuat. RA bioavailabilit.;At.6v0d2 andGjb2 play roles in ion t.ansport.and t.ansmemb.a.e t.ansport.Gzmb,Gzmc, andIl2rb.a.e involved in immune responses; andt.o2 is import.nt.for kynurenine pat.way. Most.of t.ese genes or t.eir relat.d pat.ways have funct.ons in immune regulat.ons. RA signaling has been implicat.d in immune t.lerance and immune homeost.sis, and ut.rine NK cells have been implicat.d in immunot.lerance at.t.e mat.rnal-fet.l int.rface in t.e placent.. t.e mechanisms of immune responses approaching embryo at.achment.remain t. be elucidat.d. t.e coordinat.d effect. of t.e early response genes may hold t.e keys t. t.e quest.on of why t.e ut.rus does not.reject.an implant.ng embryo.

关键词： embryo at.achment Pseudo-pregnant.ut.rus Pregnant.ut.rus Nat.ral killer cell act.vat.on signat.re Ret.noic acid bioavailabilit. t.ansmemb.a.e t.ansport.and ion t.ansport