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Analysis of Discret.onary Lane Changing Paramet.rs on Freeways

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Int.rnat.onal Journal of t.ansport.t.on Science and t.chnology 2014年第3期3卷 277-296页

作者： Esmaeil Balal Ruey Long Cheu t.ompson gyan-sarkodie Jessica Miramont.s Depart.ent.of Civil Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso500 W.University AveEl PasoTX 79968U.S.A. Depart.ent.of Elect.ical&Comput.r Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso500 W.University AveEl PasoTX 79968U.S.A.

A lane changing event.at.t.e inst.nt.when a vehicle crosses t.e lane marker,involves up t. five vehicles:t.e subject.vehicle,preceding and following vehicles in t.e original lane,and t.e preceding and following vehicles in t.e t.rget.*** t.e int.ract.ons of t.e subject.vehicle wit. t.e surrounding vehicles is fundament.l t. t.e st.dy of t.e safet. and modeling of lane changing *** research st.dies t.e st.t.st.cal propert.es of 10 lane changing *** paramet.rs describe t.e gaps,t.mes t. collision bet.een vehicles and t.e subject.vehicle’s *** paramet.r values were ext.act.d from t.e vehicle t.aject.ry dat. in t.e Next.Generat.on Simulat.on dat. *** result. show t.at.i)all t.e paramet.rs are posit.vely correlat.d wit. each ot.er;(ii)t.e gaps and dist.nce are best.described by t.e lognormal dist.ibut.on;(ii)t.e t.mes t. collision are best.described by t.e Laplace dist.ibut.on;(iii)t.e speed may be described by t.e log-logist.c dist.ibut.on and t.e normal *** result. suggest.t.at.using one or few select.d paramet.rs may be sufficient.t. quant.fy t.e risk of a lane changing event.

关键词： paramet.rs. collision dist.ibut.on

t.wards a Met.odology for t.e Different.al Analysis in Human Locomot.on: A Pilot.St.dy on t.e Part.cipat.on of Individuals wit. Mult.ple Sclerosis

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Engineering（科研） 2012年第10期4卷 20-26页

作者： Huiying Yu t.ompson sarkodie-gyan Depart.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering Universit. of t.xas at.El Paso Texas USA Depart.ent.of Elect.ical Engineering Universit. of t.xas at.El Paso Texas USA.

Mult.ple sclerosis (MS) is an unpredict.ble disease of t.e cent.al nervous syst.m t.at.can range from relat.vely benign t. somewhat.disabling t. devast.t.ng, as communicat.on bet.een t.e brain and ot.er part. of t.e body is disrupt.d. Scient.st. have learned a great.deal about.MS in recent.years;yet.st.ll, it. cause remains elusive. t.is paper int.nds t. invest.gat. t.e hypot.esis t.at.gait.dynamics have meaning and may be useful in providing insight.int. t.e neural cont.ol of locomot.on. It.furt.er seeks t. explore t.e mut.al int.ract.ons and influences of MS funct.ons on gait. and vice versa, in a quant.t.t.ve and robust.fashion. Ground react.on forces (GRFs), muscle act.vit.es, and segment.l accelerat.ons wit.in a gait.cycle were analyzed in t.is st.dy. Pat.erns of t.e signals from six relapsing-remit.ing mult.ple sclerosis (RRMS) pat.ent. were compared wit. t.e healt.y subject.. t.is quant.t.t.ve gait.analysis aids t. illuminat. a bet.er underst.nding of t.e mobilit.-relat.d disease such as RRMS charact.rist.cs. An out.ome of t.is st.dy is a reproducible met.odology for helping t.erapist. make reliable and different.able diagnosis, design a t.ilored t.erapeut.c st.at.gy, and comfort.bly evaluat. t.e follow-ups on pat.ent.s funct.onal recovery.

关键词： Ground React.on Forces EMG Muscle Act.vit.es Mult.ple Scelorsis Segment.l Accelerat.ons Kinet.c and Kinemat.cs Measurement Fuzzy Relat.on Mat.ix Fuzzy Similarit.

Charact.rizat.on and quant.ficat.on of gait.deficit. wit.in gait.phases using fuzzy-granular comput.ng

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2012年第12期5卷 720-728页

作者： Melaku A. Bogale Huiying Yu t.ompson sarkodie-gyan Amr Abdelgawad t.xas t.ch Universit. Healt. Science Cent.r El Paso USA Universit. of t.xas at.El Paso Computational Science Program El Paso USA Universit. of t.xas at.El Paso Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering El Paso USA

People wit. neurological disorders like Cerebral Palsy (CP) and Mult.ple Sclerosis (MS) suffer associat.d funct.onal gait.problems. t.e sympt.ms and sign of t.ese gait.deficit. are different.bet.een subject. and even wit.in a subject.at.different.st.ge of t.e disease. Ident.fying t.ese gait.relat.d abnormalit.es helps in t.e t.eat.ent.planning and rehabilit.t.on process. t.e current.gait.assessment.process does not.provide very specific informat.on wit.in t.e seven gait.phases. t.e object.ve of t.is st.dy is t. invest.gat. t.e possible applicat.on of granular comput.ng t. quant.fy gait.paramet.rs wit.in t.e seven gait.phases. In t.is process we applied fuzzy-granular comput.ng on t.e vert.cal ground react.on force (VGRF) and surface elect.omyography (sEMG) dat. t. obt.in respect.ve charact.rist.c values for each gait.phase. A fuzzy similarit. (FS) measure is used t. compare pat.ent.values wit. age and sex mat.hed cont.ol able-bodied group. We specifically applied and t.st.d t.is approach on 10 pat.ent. (4 Cerebral Palsy and 6 Mult.ple Sclerosis) t. ident.fy possible gait.abnormalit.es. Different.FS values for VGRF for right.and left.leg is observed. t.e VGRF analysis shows smaller FS values during t.e swing phase in CP and MS subject. t.at.are evidence of associat.d st.bilit. problem. Similarly, FS values for muscle act.vat.s of t.e four-select.d muscle display a broad range of values due t. difference bet.een subject.. Degraded FS values for different.muscles at.different.st.ge of t.e gait.cycle are report.d. Smaller FS values are sign of abnormal act.vit. of t.e respect.ve muscles. t.is approach provides individual cent.red and very specific informat.on wit.in t.e gait.phases t.at.can be employed for diagnosis, t.eat.ent.and rehabilit.t.on process.

关键词： Fuzzy-Granular Algorit.m Gait Phases Fuzzy Similarit. Cerebral Palsy Mult.ple Sclerosis

Applicat.on of Mult.ple Sensor Dat. Fusion for t.e Analysis of Human Dynamic Behavior in Space: Assessment.and Evaluat.on of Mobilit.-Relat.d Funct.onal Impairment.

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2017年第4期10卷 182-203页

作者： t.ompson sarkodie-gyan Huiying Yu Melaku Bogale Noe Vargas Hernandez Miguel Pirela-Cruz Depart.ent.of Elect.ical and Comput.r Engineering University of Texas El Paso TX USA Comput.t.onal Sciences Program University of Texas El Paso TX USA Depart.ent.of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas El Paso TX USA Paul L. Fost.r School of Medicine El Paso TX USA

t.e aut.ors have applied a syst.ms analysis approach t. describe t.e musculoskelet.l syst.m as consist.ng of a st.ck of superimposed kinemat.c hier-archical segment. in which each lower segment.t.nds t. t.ansfer it. mot.on t. t.e ot.er superimposed segment.. t.is segment.l chain enables t.e derivat.on of bot. conscious percept.on and sensory cont.ol of act.on in space. t.is applied syst.ms analysis approach involves t.e measurement. of t.e complex mot.r behavior in order t. elucidat. t.e fusion of mult.ple sensor dat. for t.e reliable and efficient.acquisit.on of t.e kinet.c, kinemat.cs and elect.omyographic dat. of t.e human spat.al behavior. t.e acquired kinemat.c and relat.d kinet.c signals represent.at.ribut.ve feat.res of t.e int.rnal recon-st.uct.on of t.e physical links bet.een t.e superimposed body segment.. In-deed, t.is reconst.uct.on of t.e physical links was est.blished as a result.of t.e fusion of t.e mult.ple sensor dat.. Furt.ermore, t.is acquired kinemat.cs, kinet.cs and elect.omyographic dat. provided det.iled means t. record, annot.t., process, t.ansmit. and display pert.nent.informat.on derived from t.e musculoskelet.l syst.m t. quant.fy and different.at. bet.een subject. wit. mobilit.-relat.d disabilit.es and able-bodied subject., and enabled an inference int. t.e act.ve neural processes underlying balance react.ons. t. gain insight.int. t.e basis for t.is long-t.rm dependence, t.e aut.ors have applied t.e fusion of mult.ple sensor dat. t. invest.gat. t.e effect. of Cerebral Palsy, Mult.ple Sclerosis and Diabet.c Neuropat.y condit.ons, on biomechanical/neurophysiological changes t.at.may alt.r t.e abilit. of t.e human loco-mot.r syst.m t. generat. ambulat.on, balance and post.re.

关键词： Superimposed Body Segment. t.ansfer Funct.ons Mult.ple Sensor Dat. Fusion Musculoskelet.l Syst.m

Case St.dy on Assessment.of Mild t.aumat.c Brain Injury Using Granular Comput.ng

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Engineering（科研） 2012年第10期4卷 11-15页

作者： Melaku A. Bogale Huiying Yu t.ompson sarkodie-gyan Murad Alaqt.sh James Moody Richard Brower Depart.ent.of Elect.ical and Comput.r Engineering University of Texas at El Paso El Paso Texas USA Depart.ent.of Medical Educat.on Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso Texas USA Ment.s NeuroRehabilit.t.on El Paso Texas USA

Pat.ent. wit. mild t.aumat.c brain injury complain about.having balance and st.bilit. problems despit. normal clinical examinat.on. t.e object.ve of t.is st.dy is t. invest.gat. t.e st.ide-t.-st.ide gait.variabilit. of mt.I subject. while walking on t.eadmill under dual-t.sk gait.prot.cols. Fuzzy-granular comput.ng algorit.m is used t. object.vely quant.fy t.e st.ide-t.-st.ide variabilit. of t.mporal gait.paramet.rs. t.e degrees of similarit. (DS) of t.mporal gait.paramet.rs in t.e dual t.sks were det.rmined from t.e corresponding granulat.d t.me-series. t.e mt.I group showed relat.vely smaller degree of similarit. for all window sizes under t.e cognit.ve (dual) t.sk walking, showing pronounced st.ide-t.-st.ide variabilit.. Different.levels of DS among t.e mt.I subject. were observed. Individually, bot. healt.y and mt.I group showed different.DS under t.e t.o dual-t.sks, reflect.ng t.e challenging level of t.e cognit.ve t.sks while walking. t.e mean values of t.e t.mporal paramet.rs for t.e mt.I group were different.from t.e averaged normal reference. On t.e ot.er hand, t.e individual variance analysis shows no significant.differences bet.een t.e normal and dual t.sk values for some mt.I subject.. t.e granular approach however is able t. reveal very fine differences and exhibit.d similar t.ends for all mt.I subject.. Different.DS values among mt.I group could be indicat.ve for t.e different.severit. level or t.e undergone rehabilit.t.on process.

关键词： Fuzzy Granular Algorit.ms Fuzzy-similarit. St.ide-t.-st.ide Variabilit. t.mporal Gait Variables Dual-t.sk Gait Prot.col Mild t.aumat.c Brain Injury

三种植物蛋白源分别替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、血清生化指数和抗氧化功能的影响

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三种植物蛋白源分别替代鱼粉对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长、血清生化指数...

作者： gyan Wat.on Ray 广东海洋大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究以大豆浓缩蛋白（Soybean Prot.in Concent.at.,SPC）、小麦谷朊粉（Wheat.Glut.n Meal,WGM）和玉米酒精糟（Dried Dist.ller Grains wit. Solubles,DDGS）三种植物蛋白源分别替代鱼粉,进行养殖实验,分别考察饲料中SPC、WGM和DDGS替代FM对凡纳滨对虾（Lit.paeneaus vannamei）生长、血清生化、血清抗氧化功能和抗病力的影响,以评估不同蛋白源替代鱼粉的适宜比例。实验一,选取凡纳滨对虾（初重为0.23±0.00 g）随机分为7组,每组3个重复,分别投喂大豆浓缩蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白水平为0%（1组）、3.08%（2组）、6.16%（3组）、9.24%（4组）、12.32%（5组）、15.40%（6组）和18.48%（7组）的饲料。结果显示:第6组的生长性能显著高于第1组（P＜0.05）,且两组存活率均在90%-95%之间。各组的全虾体粗蛋白、水分和粗灰分含量无显著差异（P＞0.05）。随着替代水平的升高,血清酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、总抗氧化能力（t.OC）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）呈上升趋势;血清葡萄糖（GLU）和总胆固醇（t.CHO）水平显著降低（P＜0.05）;各组间血清总蛋白含量（t.）和谷丙转氨酶（ASt.活性无显著差异（P＞0.05）;肠道皱襞高度（VH）和肌层厚度（IWt.显著上升（P＜0.05）,并且在替代水平为15.40%时达到最大值。SPC替代FM能够促进肠道有益菌的增殖,如假交替单胞菌科（Pseudoalt.romonadaceae）;此外菌群生物多样性之说和丰度也随着替代水平的增加而增加。经弧菌（Vibrio）后,结果显示替代组的对虾抗病力皆高于第1组,替代水平为15.40%时累计死亡率最低,为40.22%。结果表明,凡纳滨对虾饲料中SPC替代FM的最大水平为15.40%。实验二,选取凡纳滨对虾（初重为0.23±0.00 g）随机分为7组,每组3个重复,分别投喂WGM替代FM蛋白水平为0%（WGM1组）、10%（WGM2组）、20%（WGM3组）、30%（WGM4组）、40%（WGM5组）、60%（WGM6组）和80%（WGM7组）的饲料。结果显示:WGM替代FM水平在40%以内可以显著提高对虾的末均重（FW）、增重率（WG）、存活率（SR）、特定生长率（SGR）和全虾体粗蛋白、水分、粗灰分含量以及ACP、AKP、HDL-C、t.AOC和GSH-Px活性（P＜0.05）;显著降低饲料系数（FCR）、丙二醛（MDA）含量和ASt.性（P＜0.05）。各组间肠道菌群总有效reads数和物种分度以及多样性均呈上升趋势,并在WGM4组达到最大值。经弧菌（Vibrio）后,结果显示替代组的对虾抗病力皆高于WGM1组,WGM4组的累计死亡率最高,为62%。结果表明,WGM可替代凡纳滨饲料中40%的FM,并促进对虾的生长性能、免疫功能和抗病力。实验三,选取凡纳滨对虾（初重为0.23±0.00 g）随机分为7组,每组3个重复,分别投喂DDGS替代FM蛋白水平为0%（1组）、10%（2组）、20%（3组）、30%（4组）、40%（5组）、60%（6组）和80%（7组）的饲料。结果显示,随着替代水平升高,替代组的FW、WG、SGR和SR显著提高（P＜0.05）;全虾体粗蛋白、水分和粗灰分含量以及血清ACP、AKP、t.CHO、t.、GLU、SOD、t.AOC也呈上升趋势;血清MDA、LDL-C、HDL-C水平、FCR和ASt.性呈降低趋势（P＞0.05）。各组间肠道VH和IWt.显著差异（P＞0.05）。替代组对虾的抗病力升高,第5组的累计死亡率最低（为51%）,第5组最高（68%）。结果表明,凡纳滨对虾饲料中DDGS替代FM的最适水平为40%能够降低鱼粉使用量,而不影响对虾生长。

关键词：鱼粉凡纳滨对虾幼虾大豆浓缩蛋白小麦谷朊粉玉米酒精糟

Assessing t.e Impact.of Populat.on Growt. in Louisiana on Diminishing Wat.r Quant.t. and Qualit. wit.in t.e St.t.

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Journal of Wat.r Resource and Prot.ct.on 2024年第11期16卷 730-756页

作者： Yaw A. t.umasi Edmund C. Merem Zhu H. Ning Harriet.B. Yeboah Jeff D. Osei Priscilla M. Loh Dorcas t. gyan Esi Dadzie Vanessa Ferchaud Mat.lda Anokye Recheal N. D. Armah Janet. E. Mjema Lucinda A. Kangwana Depart.ent.of Urban Forest.y Environment and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College 110E Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Depart.ent.of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University 101 Capitol Center Jackson Mississippi USA Depart.ent.of Geography and t.urism St.dies Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada Depart.ent.of Built.Environment North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro NC USA

t.is st.dy explores t.e int.icat. relat.onship bet.een populat.on growt. and wat.r resource management.in Louisiana, emphasizing t.e spat.al dist.ibut.on of wat.r qualit.. Human act.vit.es, part.cularly urbanizat.on, have significant.y impact.d t.e st.t.’s wat.r resources, wit. populat.on growt. driving increased wat.r wit.drawals for public supply, indust.y, and power generat.on. By employing a Geographic Informat.on Syst.m (GIS)-cent.red approach, t.is research ut.lizes Louisiana’s census dat. from 1999 t. 2020 t. illust.at. populat.on shift. and t.eir effect. on wat.r resource dist.ibut.on. t.e st.dy also incorporat.d advanced remot. sensing t.chniques, using Sent.nel 2 imagery t. assess t.e wat.r qualit. t.rough t.e t.ophic St.t. Index (t.I). t.e t.I, calculat.d based on t.e near-infrared (NIR) and Red bands of Sent.nel-2 imagery, provided a nuanced underst.nding of t.e nut.ient.levels and clarit./ qualit. of wat.r bodies across t.e st.t.. t.e st.dy reveals a significant.correlat.on bet.een populat.on densit. and wat.r wit.drawals, wit. higher populat.ons leading t. great.r ext.act.on from bot. groundwat.r and surface wat.r sources. For inst.nce, densely populat.d parishes like East.Bat.n Rouge and Orleans showed subst.nt.ally higher wat.r wit.drawals for public supply, indust.y, and power generat.on compared t. less populat.d areas. t.e wat.r qualit. analysis indicat.d t.at.many wat.r bodies in Louisiana are experiencing high levels of nut.ient.enrichment. wit. rivers and st.eams account.ng for 86% of t.e impaired wat.r bodies, and lakes, reservoirs, and coast.l wat.rs showing hypereut.ophic condit.ons in up t. 96% of cases. t.ese result. underscore t.e significant.impact.of human act.vit.es on Louisiana’s wat.r resources, highlight.ng t.e need for effect.ve wat.r management.pract.ces t.at.consider bot. quant.t. and qualit.. t.e st.dy t.erefore advocat.s for t.e implement.t.on of wat.r conservat.on measures, responsible consumpt.on, and pollut.on prevent.on st.

关键词： Groundwat.r Surface Wat.r t.ophic St.t. Wat.r Resources Climat. Change Urbanizat.on

Analyzing Climat. Change Impact. on Louisiana’s Wat.r Resources Using GIS t.chniques

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第4期14卷 250-273页

作者： Yaw A. t.umasi Edmund C. Merem Zhu H. Ning Harriet.B. Yeboah Priscilla M. Loh Jeff D. Osei Vanessa Ferchaud Mat.lda Anokye Esi Dadzie Dorcas t. gyan Recheal N. D. Armah Janet. E. Mjema Lucinda A. Kangwana Depart.ent.of Urban Forest.y Environment and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College 110E Fisher Hall Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Depart.ent.of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University 101 Capitol Center Jackson Mississippi USA Depart.ent.of Geography and t.urism St.dies Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada Depart.ent.of Built.Environment North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro NC USA

Louisiana possesses a bount.ful groundwat.r reserve, an invaluable and not.wort.y asset. Despit. ext.nsive lit.rat.re on climat. change implicat.ons in Louisiana, t.ere is limit.d academic research focused on it. effect. on t.e st.t.’s wat.r resources. t.erefore, t.is st.dy addresses t.at.gap by using GIS t. spat.ally analyze wat.r usage t.ends from 1960 t. 2014, t. examine climat.-induced consequences and det.rmine t.e suscept.bilit. of wat.r ut.lit.es’ funct.ons and facilit.es. t.is st.dy ut.lized various online sources t. gat.er dat. on wat.r wit.drawals, t.mperat.re t.ends, and climat. impact. in Louisiana. Wat.r usage dat. from t.e Lower Mississippi Gulf-Wat.r Science Cent.e and t.mperat.re t.ends from Met.oblue covering 2023 were also analyzed t. assess t.e st.t.’s wat.r resource challenges. t.e wat.r wit.drawal dat. was linked t. a shapefile wit.in ArcMap, using graduat.d color symbology t. visualize regional variat.ons in wat.r usage. t.is met.od highlight.d significant.wat.r wit.drawals across Louisiana from 1960 t. 2014, clearly illust.at.ng t.e differences bet.een regions. Based on t.e dat. sources, t.e result. show t.at.groundwat.r levels in Louisiana have st.adily declined over t.me. For inst.nce, wat.r levels in t.e Jasper Aquifer in St. t.mmany dropped from approximat.ly 125 feet.t. 50 feet. while levels in t.e Spart. Aquifer in Lincoln fell from 30 feet.t. −25 feet. Similarly, t.e Chicot.Aquifer in Acadia experienced a decline from −25 feet.t. −50 feet. t.ese reduct.ons indicat. a concerning t.end of groundwat.r deplet.on, exacerbat.d by high t.mperat.res and current.drought.condit.ons affect.ng roughly 73% of t.e st.t.. t. ensure sust.inable wat.r management.in Louisiana, invest.ng in wat.r st.rage, t.ansfer infrast.uct.re, and conservat.on pract.ces are needed t. prot.ct.surface and groundwat.r sources. More so, t.e st.t.’s Reservoir Priorit. and Development.Program (RPDP), which includes t.e const.uct.on of reservoirs, is a key init.at.ve t.at.can

关键词： Aquifer Climat. Change Drought Groundwat.r Surface Wat.r

t.e Impact. of Louisiana’s Changing Climat. on Food Crop Product.on

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Agricult.ral Sciences 2024年第11期15卷 1195-1222页

作者： Yaw A. t.umasi Edmund C. Merem Zhu H. Ning Harriet.B. Yeboah Priscilla M. Loh Jeff D. Osei Vanessa Ferchaud Mat.lda Anokye Esi Dadzie Dorcas t. gyan Janet. E. Mjema Lucinda A. Kangwana Recheal N. D. Armah Depart.ent.of Urban Forest.y Environment and Natural Resources Southern University and A&M College Baton Rouge Louisiana USA Depart.ent.of Urban and Regional Planning Jackson State University Jackson Mississippi USA Depart.ent.of Geography and t.urism St.dies Brock University St. Catharines Ontario Canada Depart.ent.of Built.Environment North Carolina A&T State University Greensboro North Carolina USA

While various prior st.dies have delved int. t.e pot.nt.al consequences of climat. change on crop product.on in specific areas, not.bly in sout.east.rn Louisiana, limit.d invest.gat.on has been carried out.concerning some crops wit.in t.e st.t. of Louisiana. Consequent.y, t.ere exist. a deart. of knowledge regarding t.e specific hurdles and pot.nt.al benefit. confront.ng agricult.ral producers in t.is region. t.erefore, t.e primary aim of t.is st.dy was t. explore and measure t.e impact.of climat. change on t.e yields of corn, rice, soybeans, and cot.on in Louisiana, t.ereby addressing t.is informat.onal void. t.e st.dy uses dat. on average high t.mperat.res and precipit.t.on t. assess t.e impact.of climat. change on t.ese specific food crops in Louisiana. t.e researchers used ArcGIS and it. symbology t.ol t. creat. t.ree separat. maps depict.ng t.e spat.al dist.ibut.on of harvest.d cropland in Louisiana. t.e graduat.d color opt.on was used on each map, which represent.d t.e years 2007, 2012, and 2017. Similarly, eight.separat. maps were creat.d using t.e graduat.d color opt.on t. visually present.t.e dist.ibut.on pat.erns of Louisiana’s corn, cot.on, rice, and soybean crops. t.ese maps provided a visual represent.t.on of t.e st.t.’s t.t.l crop product.on bet.een 2007 and 2017. t.e researchers also creat.d six bar chart. t. show t.e dist.ibut.on of corn, cot.on, rice, and soybean product.on in Louisiana over t.ree t.me periods: 2007, 2012, and 2017. t.ese chart. also included informat.on about.t.e average high t.mperat.re and annual precipit.t.on in each parish. t.e st.dy revealed decreasing t.ends in Louisiana corn and cot.on yields alongside consist.nt.increases in rice and soybean yields, wit. project.ons suggest.ng fut.re t.mperat.re rises may negat.vely impact.crop yields, highlight.ng t.e need for research int. climat.-smart.agricult.ral pract.ces t. mit.gat. t.ese effect. and safeguard global crop product.on. Louisiana’s response t. climat. change in food cro

关键词： Climat. Change Corn Cot.on Precipit.t.on Soybean t.mperat.re