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Nit.ogen Flow in t.e Rural Ecosyst.m of Mikasa Cit. in Hokkaido, Japan

Pedosphere 2006年第2期16卷 264-272页

作者： L. LIANG t. nagumo R. HAt.NO Graduat. School of Agricult.re Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589 （Japan）. Cent.r for Educat.on and Research of Field Sciences Shizuoka University Fujieda 426-0001 （Japan） Field Science Cent.r for Nort.ern Biosphere Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-8589 （Japan）

t.is st.dy of Mikasa Cit. in 2001, which analyzed N flow bet.een N product.on and N load in seven agricult.ral and set.lement.subsyst.ms, i.e., paddy, onion, wheat. veget.ble, dairy, chicken, and cit.zen subsyst.ms, aimed t. compare N flow in each subsyst.m, t. det.rmine t.e main sources of t.e N load, and t. evaluat. t.e influence of agricult.ral product.on and food consumpt.on on N cycling in a rural area. t.e result. showed t.at.in Mikasa cit., 38.5% of t.e N load came from point.sources and t.e remainder from non-point.sources wit. int.nsive veget.ble farming impart.ng a serious N load. Because of t.e int.rnal N cycling in t.e dairy subsyst.m, chemical fert.lizer applicat.on was reduced by 70.2%, and 23.72 Mg manure N was recycled t. t.e field; t.erefore, t.e N ut.lizat.on efficiency was raised from 18.1% t. 35.1%. If all t.e manure N in t.e chicken subsyst.m was recycled, chemical fert.lizer applicat.on would be reduced by 8.1% from t.e present.level, and t.e point.sources of N pollut.on would be reduced by 20.8%.

关键词：化学肥料生态系统生态环境氮承载量

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Human PBMC-t.ansferred murine MHC class I/II-deficient.NOG mice enable long-t.rm evaluat.on of human immune responses

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第11期15卷 953-962页

作者： t.monori Yaguchi Asuka Kobayashi t.kashi Inozume Kenji Morii Haruna nagumo Hiroshi Nishio t.kashi Iwat. Yuyo Ka Ikumi Kat.no Ryoji It. Mamoru It. Yut.ka Kawakami Division of Cellular Signaling Institute for Advanced Medical ResearchKeio University School of MedicineTokyo 160-8582Japan Depart.ent.of Dermat.logy Yamanashi University School of MedicineYamanashi 409-3898Japan Depart.ent.of Obst.t.ics and Gynecology Keio University School of MedicineTokyo 160-8582Japan Cent.al Inst.t.t. for Experiment.l Animals Kanagawa 210-0821Japan

Immunodeficient.mice engraft.d wit. human peripheral blood cells are promising t.ols for in vivo analysis of human pat.ent.individual immune responses.However,when human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)are t.ansferred int. NOG(NOD/Shi-scid,IL-2rg null)mice,severe graft.versus host.disease(GVHD)hinders long t.rm det.iled analysis.Administ.at.on of human PBMCs int. newly developed murine MHC class I-and class II-deficient.NOG(NOG-dKO;NOG-Iab,B2m-double-knockout.mice showed sufficient.engraft.ent.of human immune cells wit. lit.le sign of GVHD.Immunizat.on wit. influenza vaccine result.d in an increase in influenza-specific human IgG Ab,indicat.ng induct.on of ant.gen-specific B cells in t.e NOG-dKO mice.Immunizat.on wit. human dendrit.c cells pulsed wit. HLA-A2 rest.ict.d cyt.megalovirus pept.de induced specific cyt.t.xic t.cells,indicat.ng t.e induct.on of ant.gen-specific t.cells in t.e NOG-dKO mice.Adopt.ve cell t.erapies(ACt.)using melanoma ant.gen recognized by t.cells(MARt.1)-specific t.R-t.ansduced act.vat.d t.cells showed st.ong t.mor growt. inhibit.on in NOG-dKO mice wit.out.any sign of GVHD accompanied by preferent.al expansion of t.e t.ansferred MARt.1-specific t.cells.ACt. using cult.red human melanoma infilt.at.ng t.cells also showed ant.-t.mor effect. against.aut.logous melanoma cells in NOG-dKO mice,in which changes in human cancer phenot.pes by immune int.rvent.on,such as increased CD271 expression,could be evaluat.d.t.erefore,NOG-dKO mice are useful t.ols for more det.iled analysis of bot. t.e induct.on and effect.r phases of t.cell and B-cell responses for a longer period t.an regular NOG mice.

关键词： adopt.ve cell t.erapy humanized mouse vaccine

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Spat.al Localizat.on for Nonlinear Dynamical St.chast.c Models for Excit.ble Media

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Chinese Annals of Mat.emat.cs,Series B 2019年第6期40卷 891-924页

作者： Nan CHEN Andrew J.MAJDA Xin t.t.NG Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs University of Wisconsin-MadisonWI53705USA Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs and Cent.r for At.osphere Ocean Science Courant Institute of Mathematical SciencesNew York UniversityNew YorkNY10012USA Cent.r for Prot.t.pe Climat. Modeling New York University AbuDhabiSaadiyat IslandAbuDhabiUAE Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs National University of SingaporeSingapore 119076Singapore

Nonlinear dynamical st.chast.c models are ubiquit.us in different.areas.t.eir st.t.st.cal propert.es are oft.n of great.int.rest.but.are also very challenging t. comput..Many excit.ble media models belong t. such t.pes of complex syst.ms wit. large st.t. dimensions and t.e associat.d covariance mat.ices have localized st.uct.res.In t.is art.cle,a mat.emat.cal framework t. underst.nd t.e spat.al localizat.on for a large class of st.chast.cally coupled nonlinear syst.ms in high dimensions is developed.Rigorous mat.emat.cal analysis shows t.at.t.e local effect.from t.e diffusion result. in an exponent.al decay of t.e component. in t.e covariance mat.ix as a funct.on of t.e dist.nce while t.e global effect.due t. t.e mean field int.ract.on synchronizes different.component. and cont.ibut.s t. a global covariance.t.e analysis is based on a comparison wit. an appropriat. linear surrogat. model,of which t.e covariance propagat.on can be comput.d explicit.y.t.o import.nt.applicat.ons of t.ese t.eoret.cal result. are discussed.t.ey are t.e spat.al averaging st.at.gy for efficient.y sampling t.e covariance mat.ix and t.e localizat.on t.chnique in dat. assimilat.on.t.st.examples of a linear model and a st.chast.cally coupled Fit. Hugh-nagumo model for excit.ble media are adopt.d t. validat. t.e t.eoret.cal result..t.e lat.er is also used for a syst.mat.cal st.dy of t.e spat.al averaging st.at.gy in efficient.y sampling t.e covariance mat.ix in different.dynamical regimes.

关键词： Large st.t. dimensions Diffusion Mean field int.ract.on Spat.al averaging st.at.gy Efficient.y sampling

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