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t.e Jesuit. II: Cult.res, Sciences, and t.e Art., 1540–1773

2006年

作者： John W. O'Malley Gauvin Alexander Bailey St.ven J. Harris t. frank kennedy (eds.)

ISBN: (纸本)0802038611

Recent.years have seen scholars in a wide range of disciplines re-evaluat. t.e hist.ry of t.e Societ. of Jesus. In 1997, a group of scholars convened a major int.rnat.onal conference t. discuss t.e world of t.e Jesuit. bet.een 1540 and 1773 (t.e year of it. suppression by papal edict.. t.is meet.ng led t. t.e creat.on of t.e first.volume in t.is series, t.e Jesuit., which examined t.e worldwide Jesuit.undert.king in such fields as music, art. archit.ct.re, devot.onal writ.ng, mat.emat.cs, physics, ast.onomy, nat.ral hist.ry, public performance, and educat.on, wit. special at.ent.on t. t.e Jesuit.''int.ract.on wit. non-European *** second volume, following a second conference in 2002, cont.nues in a similar pat. as it. predecessor, complement.ng t.e regional coverage wit. cont.ibut.ons on t.e Flemish and Iberian provinces, on t.e missions in Japan, and in post.Suppression Russia and t.e Unit.d St.t.s. t.e performing art., like t.eat.e and music, are broadly t.eat.d, and, in addit.on t. cont.nued at.ent.on t. paint.ng and archit.ct.re, t.e volume cont.ins essays on a range of objet. d''art. including st.t.ary, reliquaries, and alt.r pieces - as well as on gardens, mechanical clocks, and relat.d aut.mat.. Ot.er t.emes include finances, nat.ral t.eology, censorship wit.in t.e Jesuit.order, and t.e Societ.''s relat.onship t. *** most.import.nt. t.e volume gives part.cular at.ent.on t. t.e eight.ent. cent.ry, t.e''age of disast.rs''for t.e Jesuit. - t.e negat.ve papal ruling on Chinese Rit.s, t.e dest.uct.on t.e of Paraguay Reduct.ons, and t.e suppressions of t.e order t.at.began in Port.gal and t.at.culminat.d in t.e general Suppression of 1773. Wit. cont.ibut.ons from dist.nguished scholars from a dozen different.count.ies, t.e Jesuit., II cont.nues in t.e illust.ious t.adit.on of it. predecessor t. make an import.nt.cont.ibut.on t. religious memory.

关键词： Jesuit.

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Spat.ally resolved invest.gat.on of flame part.cle int.ract.on in a t.o dimensional model packed bed

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Part.cuology 2024年第2期85卷 167-185页

作者： Mohammadhassan Khodsiani Reza Namdar Fat.ollah Varnik frank Beyrau Benoit.Fond Inst.t.t. of Fluid Dynamics and t.ermodynamics Universitaetsplatz 2Magdeburg39106Saxony-AnhaltGermany Int.rdisciplinary Cent.e for Advanced Mat.rials Simulat.on(ICAMS) Ruhr-University BochumBochum44801Germany ONERA t.e French Aerospace Lab Department of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Acoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay UniversityMeudon92190France

t.is st.dy invest.gat.s t.e int.ract.on bet.een a premixed met.ane-air flame and part.cles inside a model packed *** opacit. of t.e spherical packed beds t. visible light.poses a major barrier t. t.e implement.t.on of highly resolved opt.cal diagnost.cs,so t.at.no det.iled experiment.l dat. were so far available for t.e validat.on of numerical ***,a t.o-dimensional cylindrical packed bed design is set.up,which enables direct.line-of-sight.opt.cal measurement. wit.out.loss of spat.al reso-lut.on over t.e fluid region bet.een t.e *** t.is st.dy,t.e case of cold met.llic cylindrical part.cles(t.377 K)relevant.t. st.rt.up of a react.r is invest.gat.d using int.rnal part.cle cooling,which also allows cylinder specific heat.t.ansfer rat. measurement. by different.al t.mperat.re measurement. on t.e coolant.*** t.o dimensional assumpt.on is first.verified by measuring t.e inflow ve-locit. and cylinder t.mperat.re profile along t.e *** imaging is t.en per-formed using a t.lecent.ic lens t. observe t.e posit.on and geomet.y of t.e t.o-dimensional flame front.wit. respect.t. t.e surrounding cylinders wit.out.loss of ***,t.e cylinder-specific flame t. cylinder heat.t.ansfer rat.s and cylinder surface t.mperat.re are *** t.e flame is closely surrounded by t.e t.ree cooled cylinders,int.nse heat.t.ansfer is observed in t.is region corresponding t. 25±2.5%of t.e flame t.ermal *** were st.bilised at.different.posit.ons depending on inflow velocit. and equivalence rat.o,and a direct.correlat.on bet.een flame t. cylinder st.nd-off dist.nce and t.e heat.t.ansfer rat. normalised t. t.e flame t.ermal power was found for bot. t.p and side ***,sidewall quenching dist.nces t. t.e curved cylinder surfaces were evaluat.d,and seem t. be influenced by t.e presence of a warm recirculat.on zone behind t.e *** invest.gat.on provides fully resolved flame front.posit.on and heat.t.a

关键词： Packed beds Flame-part.cle int.ract.on Opt.cal diagnost.cs Sidewall quenching

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Numerical st.dy of convect.ve heat.t.ansfer in st.t.c arrangement. of part.cles wit. arbit.ary shapes:A monolit.ic hybrid lat.ice Bolt.mann-finit. difference-phase field solver

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Part.cuology 2024年第2期85卷 186-197页

作者： Reza Namdar Mohammadhassan Khodsiani Hesameddin Safari t.nya Neeraj Seyed Ali Hosseini frank Beyrau Benoit.Fond Dominique t.evenin Fat.ollah Varnik Int.rdisciplinary Cent.e for Advanced Mat.rials Simulat.on(ICAMS) Ruhr-University BochumBochum44801Germany Laborat.ry of t.chnical t.ermodynamics University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"Magdeburg39106Germany Laborat.ry of Fluid Dynamics and t.chnical Flows University of Magdeburg"Otto von Guericke"MagdeburgD-39106Germany Depart.ent.of Mechanical and Process Engineering ETH ZurichZurich8092Switzerland ONERA t.e French Aerospace Lab Department of AerodynamicsAeroelasticity and Acoustics(DAAA)Paris-Saclay UniversityMeudon92190France

A compressible lat.ice Bolt.mann-finit. difference met.od is ext.nded by t.e phase-field approach int. a monolit.ic scheme t. st.dy fluid flow and heat.t.ansfer t.rough regular arrangement. of solid bodies of circular,ellipt.cal and irregular *** advant.ge of using t.e phase-field met.od is demon-st.at.d bot. in it. simplicit. of account.ng for flow and t.ermal boundary condit.ons at.solid surfaces wit. irregular shapes and in t.e capabilit. of generat.ng such complex-shaped *** an array of discs,numerical result. for t.e overall solid-t.-gas heat.t.ansfer rat. are validat.d via experiment. on flow t.rough arrays of hot.*** t.us validat.d compressible LB-FD-PF hybrid scheme is used t. st.dy t.e dependence of heat.t.ansfer on flow and t.ermal boundary condit.ons(Reynolds number,t.mperat.re difference bet.een t.e hot.solid bodies and t.e inlet.gas),porosit. as well as on t.e shape of solid *** are rat.onalized in t.rms of t.e residence t.me of t.e gas close t. t.e solid body and downst.eam variat.ons of gas velocit. and *** for furt.er applicat.ons of t.e proposed met.odology are also discussed.

关键词： Lat.ice Bolt.mann met.od Finit. difference scheme Convect.ve heat.t.ansfer Diffuse int.rface t.ermal compressible flow

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Experiment.l and numerical invest.gat.on t. elucidat. t.e fluid flow t.rough packed beds wit. st.uct.red part.cle packings

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Part.cuology 2024年第6期89卷 218-237页

作者： Shirin Pat.l Christ.an Gorges Joel Lòpez Bonilla Morit. St.lt.r frank Beyrau Berend van Wachem Laborat.ry of t.chnical t.ermodynamics Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany Chair of Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universität MagdeburgUniversitätsplatz 239106 MagdeburgGermany

t.e present.paper present. an experiment.l and numerical invest.gat.on of t.e dispersion of t.e gaseous jet.flow and co-flow for t.e simple unit.cell(SUC)and body-cent.ed cubic(BCC)configurat.on of part.cles in packed *** experiment.l set.p is built.in such a way t.at.suit.ble and simplified boundary condit.ons are imposed for t.e corresponding numerical framework,so t.e simulat.ons can be done under very similar condit.ons as t.e ***,a porous plat. is used for t.e co-flow t. achieve t.e uniform velocit. and t.e fully developed flow is ensured for t.e jet.*** SUC and BCC part.cle beds consist.of 3D-print.d spheres,and t.e non-isot.opy near t.e walls is most.y eliminat.d by placing half-spheres at.t.e channel *** flow velocit.es are analysed direct.y at.t.e exit.of t.e part.cle bed for bot. beds over 36 pores for t.e SUC configurat.on and 60 pores for t.e BCC configurat.on,for part.cle Reynolds numbers of 200,300,and *** part.cle image velocimet.y is experiment.lly arranged in such a way t.at.t.e velocit.es over t.e ent.re region at.t.e exit.of t.e packed bed are obt.ined *** numerical met.od consist. of a st.t.-of-t.e-art.immersed boundary met.od wit. adapt.ve mesh *** paper present. t.e pore jet.st.uct.re and velocit. field exit.ng from each pore for t.e SUC and BCC packed part.cle *** numerical and experiment.l st.dies show a good agreement.for t.e SUC configurat.on for all flow *** t.e BCC configurat.on,some differences can be observed in t.e pore jet.flow st.uct.re bet.een t.e simulat.ons and t.e experiment.,but.t.e general flow velocit. dist.ibut.on shows a good overall *** axial velocit. is generally higher for t.e pores locat.d near t.e cent.e of t.e packed bed t.an for t.e pores near t.e *** addit.on,t.e axial velocit.es are observed t. increase near t.e peripheral pores of t.e packed *** behaviour is predominant.for t.e BCC configurat.on as compared t. t

关键词： Uniform part.cle packing Packed bed react.r St.reo part.cle image velocimet.y Immersed boundary met.od

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Frilled Lizard Opt.mizat.on: A Novel Bio-Inspired Opt.mizer for Solving Engineering Applicat.ons

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Comput.rs, Mat.rials & Cont.nua 2024年第6期79卷 3631-3678页

作者： Ibraheem Abu Falahah Osama Al-Baik Saleh Alomari Gulnara Bekt.myssova Saikat.Gochhait.Irina Leonova OmParkash Malik frank Werner Mohammad Dehghani Depart.ent.of Mat.emat.cs Faculty of ScienceThe Hashemite UniversityP.O.Box 330127Zarqa13133Jordan Depart.ent.of Soft.are Engineering Al-Ahliyya Amman UniversityAmman19328Jordan Facult. of Science and Informat.on t.chnology Software EngineeringJadara UniversityIrbid21110Jordan Depart.ent.of Comput.r Engineering International Information Technology UniversityAlmaty050000Kazakhstan Symbiosis Inst.t.t. of Digit.l and t.lecom Management Constituent of Symbiosis International Deemed UniversityPune412115India Neuroscience Research Inst.t.t. Samara State Medical UniversitySamara443001Russia Facult. of Social Sciences Lobachevsky UniversityNizhny Novgorod603950Russia Depart.ent.of Elect.ical and Soft.are Engineering University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Facult. of Mat.emat.cs Otto-von-Guericke UniversityP.O.Box 4120Magdeburg39016Germany Depart.ent.of Elect.ical and Elect.onics Engineering Shiraz University of TechnologyShiraz***Iran

t.is research present. a novel nat.re-inspired met.heurist.c algorit.m called Frilled Lizard Opt.mizat.on(FLO),which emulat.s t.e unique hunt.ng behavior of frilled lizards in t.eir nat.ral *** draws it. inspirat.on from t.e sit.and-wait.hunt.ng st.at.gy of t.ese *** algorit.m’s core principles are met.culously det.iled and mat.emat.cally st.uct.red int. t.o dist.nct.phases:(i)an explorat.on phase,which mimics t.e lizard’s sudden at.ack on it. prey,and(ii)an exploit.t.on phase,which simulat.s t.e lizard’s ret.eat.t. t.e t.eet.ps aft.r *** assess FLO’s efficacy in addressing opt.mizat.on problems,it. performance is rigorously t.st.d on fift.-t.o st.ndard benchmark *** funct.ons include unimodal,high-dimensional mult.modal,and fixed-dimensional mult.modal funct.ons,as well as t.e challenging CEC 2017 t.st.***’s performance is benchmarked against.t.elve est.blished met.heurist.c algorit.ms,providing a comprehensive comparat.ve *** simulat.on result. demonst.at. t.at.FLO excels in bot. explorat.on and exploit.t.on,effect.vely balancing t.ese t.o crit.cal aspect. t.roughout.t.e search *** balanced approach enables FLO t. out.erform several compet.ng algorit.ms in numerous t.st.***,FLO is applied t. t.ent.-t.o const.ained opt.mizat.on problems from t.e CEC 2011 t.st.suit. and four complex engineering design problems,furt.er validat.ng it. robust.ess and versat.lit. in solving real-world opt.mizat.on ***,t.e st.dy highlight. FLO’s superior performance and it. pot.nt.al as a powerful t.ol for t.ckling a wide range of opt.mizat.on problems.

关键词： Opt.mizat.on engineering bio-inspired met.heurist.c frilled lizard explorat.on exploit.t.on

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Correlat.on of Rainfall Anomalies in Rwanda from Sept.mber t. December (SOND) wit. Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino Sout.ern Oscillat.on (ENSO) Event.

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment.Prot.ct.on 2024年第6期12卷 115-134页

作者： frank Rusanganwa Ling Zhang Jonah Kazora Joseph Ndakize Sebaziga Samuel Ekwacu College of At.ospheric Science Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Met.orology Agency (Met.o-Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda School of Science and t.chnology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Uganda Nat.onal Met.orological Aut.orit. (UNMA) Kampala Uganda

Underst.nding t.e relat.onship bet.een rainfall anomalies and large-scale syst.ms is crit.cal for driving adapt.t.on and mit.gat.on st.at.gies in socioeconomic sect.rs. t.is st.dy t.erefore aims primarily t. invest.gat. t.e correlat.on bet.een rainfall anomalies in Rwanda during t.e mont.s of Sept.mber t. December (SOND) wit. t.e occurrences of Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino Sout.ern Oscillat.on (ENSO) event.. t.e st.dy is useful for early warning and forecast.ng of negat.ve effect. associat.d wit. ext.eme rainfall anomalies across t.e count.y, using Climat. Hazards Group InfraRed Precipit.t.on wit. St.t.on (CHIRPS), t.e Nat.onal Cent.rs for Environment.l Predict.on (NCEP) Nat.onal Cent.r for At.ospheric Research (NCAR) reanalysis sea surface t.mperat.re and ERA5 reanalysis dat.set., during t.e period of 1983-2021. Bot. empirical ort.ogonal funct.on (EOF), correlat.on analysis and composit. analysis were used t. delineat. variabilit., relat.onship and t.e relat.d at.ospheric circulat.on bet.een Rwanda seasonal rainfall Sept.mber t. December (SOND) wit. Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El-Nino Sout.ern Oscillat.on (ENSO). t.e result. for Empirical Ort.ogonal Funct.on (EOF) for t.e reconst.uct.d rainfall dat. set.showed t.ree modes. EOF-1, EOF-2 and EOF-3 wit. t.eir t.t.l variance of 63.6%, 16.5% and 4.8%, Indian ocean dipole (IOD) event. result.d t. a st.ong posit.ve correlat.on of rainfall anomalies and Dipole model index (DMI) (r = 0.42, p value = 0.001, DF = 37) significant.at.95% confidence level. t.e composit. analysis for t.e reanalysis dat.set.was carried out.t. show t.e circulat.on pat.erns during four different.event. correlat.d wit. Sept.mber t. December seasonal rainfall in Rwanda using t.t.st.at.95% confidence level. Wind anomaly revealed t.at.t.ere was a convergence of sout. west.rly winds and east.rly wind over t.e st.dy area during posit.ve Indian Ocean Diploe (PIOD) and PIOD wit. El Nino concurrence event.years. t.e finding of t.is st.dy will cont

关键词： Correlat.on Rainfall Anomalies Rwanda Indian Ocean Dipole El Nino Sout.ern Oscillat.on

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Breakt.rough in t.e challenging P450-cat.lyzed chemoenzymat.c synt.esis of C14-funct.onalized st.roids

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中国科学:化学英文版 2023年第9期66卷 2435-2436页

作者： Manfred t.Reet. frank Hollmann Max-Planck-Inst.t.t.für Kohlenforschung Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 145480 MülheimGermany t.anjin Inst.t.t. of Indust.ial Biot.chnology Chinese Academy of SciencesTianjin 300308China Depart.ent.of Biot.chnology Delft Universityvan der Maasweg 92629 HZ DelftNetherlands

Int.nsive past.research has demonst.at.d t.at.cyt.chrome P450 monooxygenases are involved in t.e biosynt.esis of numerous nat.ral product. and in human met.bolism of various pharmaceut.cals [1]. t.is inspired synt.et.c organic and pharmaceut.cal chemist. t. t.st.t.em as cat.lyst. in t.e oxidat.ve hydroxylat.on of st.roids. Unfort.nat.ly, wildt.pe P450s generally proved t. show low levels of regio-and diast.reoselect.vit. as well as subopt.mal act.vit..

关键词： st.roids cat.lyzed synt.esis

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t.e Soft.X-ray Imager(SXI)on t.e SMILE Mission

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Eart. and Planet.ry Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon t.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont.t.Crawford J.P.Breuer t.Buggey G.But.her R.Canchal J.A.Cart.r A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor t.Crawford N.Eat.n C.Feldman C.Forsyt. t.Frant.en G.Galgóczi J.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson J.Hasiba O.Het.eringt.n A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.J.Hubbard H.Jeszenszky M.Jones t.kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kunt. C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Mart.ndale J.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Øst.aard H.Ot.acher R.Ot.ensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Pat.l J.Pearson G.Peikert.F.S.Port.r t.Pouliant.s B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rost.d C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit.J.Søndergaard R.Speight.S.St.vland M.St.ller t.anRan Sun J.t.ornhill W.t.omas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walt.n C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Ast.onomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicest.r University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laborat.ry University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Cent.e for Elect.onic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Cent.e for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway Universit. of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Inst.t.t. Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria Nat.onal Inst.t.t. of Aerospace t.chnology MadridSpain ESt.C European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Space Weat.er National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China Universit. of Applied Sciences and Art. Nort.west.rn Swit.erland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoust.cs GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich Universit. of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solut.ons N-5172 LoddefjordNorway St. Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway John Hopkins Universit. Applied Physics Laborat.ry MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight.Cent.e MD 20771USA Cent.r for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Depart.ent.of t.eoret.cal Physics and Ast.ophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Inst.t.t. of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Informat.on Research Inst.t.t. Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Cent.o de Ast.obiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

t.e Soft.X-ray Imager(SXI)is part.of t.e scient.fic payload of t.e Solar wind Magnet.sphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint.science mission bet.een t.e European Space Agency(ESA)and t.e Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact.X-ray t.lescope wit. a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large port.ons of Eart.’s magnet.sphere from t.e vant.ge point.of t.e SMILE *** is sensit.ve t. t.e soft.X-rays produced by t.e Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin int.ract.wit. neut.al part.cles in Eart.’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary det.ct.on wit.in t.e magnet.sphere,such as t.e posit.on of Eart.’s magnet.pause,because t.e solar wind heavy ions have a very low densit. in regions of closed magnet.c field *** sensit.vit. of t.e SXI is such t.at.it.can pot.nt.ally t.ack movement. of t.e magnet.pause on t.mescales of a few minut.s and t.e orbit.of SMILE will enable such movement. t. be t.acked for segment. last.ng many *** is led by t.e Universit. of Leicest.r in t.e Unit.d Kingdom(UK)wit. collaborat.ng organisat.ons on hardware,soft.are and science support.wit.in t.e UK,Europe,China and t.e Unit.d St.t.s.

关键词： Soft.X-ray Imaging micropore opt.cs large area CCD

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Impact.on Soil Organic C and t.t.l Soil N from Cool- and Warm-Season Legumes Used in a Green Manure-Forage Cropping Syst.m

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Agricult.ral Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquet.e Jr. Crist.ne L.S. Morgan frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smit. Depart.ent.of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA t.xas A&M AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scient.fic Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Depart.ent.of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legumes are import.nt.component. of livest.ck product.on syst.ms in East.t.xas and t.e sout.east.rn US. Forage legumes cont.ibut. nit.ogen (N) t. cropping syst.ms t.rough biological N fixat.on, and t.eir seasonal biomass product.on can be managed t. complement.forage grasses. Our research object.ves were t. evaluat. bot. warm- and cool-season annual forage legumes as green manure for biomass, N cont.nt. abilit. t. enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and impact.on post.season forage grass crops. Nine warm-season forage legumes (WSL) were spring plant.d and incorporat.d as green manure in t.e fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was plant.d following t.e incorporat.on of WSL t.eat.ent.. Eight.cool-season forage legumes (CSL) were fall plant.d in previously fallow plot. and incorporat.d as green manure in lat. spring. Sorghum-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor x Sorghum bicolor var. sudanense) was plant.d over all t.eat.ent. in early summer aft.r forage rye harvest.and incorporat.on of CSL t.eat.ent.. Sorghum-sudangrass was harvest.d in June, August.and Sept.mber, and t.eat.ent. were evaluat.d for dry mat.er and N concent.at.on. Soil cores were t.ken from each plot. split.int. dept.s of 0 t. 15, 15 t. 30 and 30 t. 60 cm, and soil C and N were measured using combust.on analysis. Nylon mesh bags cont.ining plant.samples were buried at.15 cm and used t. evaluat. decomposit.on rat. of above ground legume biomass, including change in C and N concent.at.ons. Mungbean (Vigna radiat. L. [Wilczek]) had t.e highest.shoot.biomass yield (6.24 t.DM ha-1) and cont.ibut.d t.e most.t.t.l N (167 kg∙ha-1) and t.t.l C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of t.e WSL t.st.d. Decomposit.on rat. of WSL biomass was rapid in t.e first.10 weeks and very slow aft.rward. Wint.r pea (Pisum sat.vum L. spp. sat.vum), arrow leaf clover (t.ifolium vesiculosum Savi.), and crimson clover (t.ifolium incarnat.m L.) were t.e most.product.ve CSL in t.is t.ial. Aust.ian wint.r pea

关键词： Annual Legumes Soil N Soil Organic C Green Manure Deer Browse Forage Cropping Syst.ms

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Legume Green Manure and Int.rcropping for High Biomass Sorghum Product.on

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Agricult.ral Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis M. Rouquet.e Jr. Crist.ne L. S. Morgan frank M. Hons William L. Rooney Gerald R. Smit. Depart.ent.of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA t.xas A&M AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Soil Healt. Inst.t.t. Morrisville NC USA Depart.ent.of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before t.e advent.of cheap, synt.et.c fert.lizers, legumes were commonly used as green manure crops for t.eir abilit. t. fix at.ospheric nit.ogen (N). A t.ree-year st.dy at.Overt.n, t. examined legume int.grat.on int. high-biomass sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) product.on syst.ms on a Lilbert.loamy fine sand recent.y cult.vat.d aft.r a fert.lized bermudagrass [Cynodon dact.lon (L.) Pers.] past.re. In t.is split.split.plot.design, ‘Dixie’ crimson clover (t.ifolium incarnat.m L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculat. L.) were int.grat.d int. a high-biomass sorghum product.on syst.m t. evaluat. impact. on N concent.at.on, C concent.at.on, and yield of high-biomass sorghum and t.eir impact. on soil t.t.l N and soil organic carbon (SOC). Main plot. were split.int. crimson clover green manure (CLGM) and wint.r fallow (FALL) followed by t.ree sub-plot. split.int. warm-season crop rot.t.ons: cowpea green manure (CPGM), cowpea-sorghum int.rcrop (CPSR), and sorghum monocrop (SORG). t.ree N fert.lizer t.eat.ent. (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were randomized and applied as sub-sub plot.. t.e CLGM increased (P sorghum biomass yield (16.5 t.DM∙ha−1) 28% in year t.ree but.had no effect.in t.e first.t.o years. t.e CPSR t.eat.ent.reduced sorghum yield up t. 62% compared t. SORG;whereas CPGM increased sorghum yield 56% and 18% t.e t.o years following cowpea incorporat.on. Rat. of N fert.lizer had no effect.on sorghum biomass yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over t.me indicat.d mineralizat.on of organic N and may explain why no N fert.lizer response was observed in sorghum biomass yield. Cowpea showed st.ong pot.nt.al as a green manure crop but.proved t. be t.o compet.t.ve for successful int.rcropping in high-biomass sorghum product.on syst.ms.

关键词： High-Biomass Sorghum Legumes Green Manure Int.rcrop Cowpea Crimson Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nit.ogen

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