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Mental health around retirement:evidence of Ashenfelter’s dip

Global Health Research and Policy 2023年第1期8卷 184-199页

作者： thang t.Vo tran t.Phu-Duyen Health and Agricultural Policy Research Institute 279 Nguyen Tri PhuongDistrict 1072406 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam School of Economics University of Economics HCMC279 Nguyen Tri PhuongDistrict 1072406 Ho Chi Minh CityVietnam

Background Mental health issues among retirees have become increasingly concerning because the aging population presents a significant challenge globally,particularly in Western *** studies on this issue are plagued with bias owing to lacking panel data and estimation *** study investigated the depression levels of European adults around the time of *** We used data obtained from Waves 1-7 of the Survey of Health,Ageing,and Retirement in Europe(SHARE)to create panel data covering the 2004-2017 *** 3(SHARELIFE)was excluded from the sample because it provided mismatched ***-effects(FE)and fixed-effects instrumental variables(FE-IV)models with multiple imputations were employed to examine the impacts of retirement on mental health before and after retirement,where being over pension age(normal and early)was used as the instrument *** Our results indicated that retirement based on aspirational motivations(β=−0.115,ptive circumstances(β=−0.038,ptly reduced depression,whereas retiring under negative circumstances could deteriorate one’s mental health(β=0.087,pted that overall,retiring reduced retirees’depression(β=−0.096,ptively).the results of FE-IV models showed that adults planning to retire in the next two years experienced less depression compared with others in the workforce(λ=−0.313,pthese adults must have adjusted their lifestyles in response to their impending retirement,thereby evincing Ashenfelter’s *** years after retirement,when the“honeymoon”phase was over,retirees may have completely adapted to their new lives and the effect of retirement was no longer *** Retirement improves mental health before it happens,but not *** the pension eligibility age may postpone the beneficial effects of retirement on ***,policy implications should be

关键词： Retirement Mental health Instrumental variable SHARE Panel data Ashenfelter’s dip

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Carcinogen-Macromolecular Adducts As Biomarkers in Human Cancer Risk Assessment

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期4卷 104-112页

作者： M.t.StEPHEN HSIA toxic and Hazardous Materials Assessment and Control Energy Resources and Environmental Systems Division

Substantial data have been generated during the past 5 years in both experimental systems and human populations which shed light on the potential role of carcinogen-macromolecular adducts in human cancer risk assessment. the use of DNA and protein adducts is based on the fundamental concept in chemical carcinogenesis that most genotoxins are metabolized to electrophilic 'ultimate' carcinogens that are capable of forming covalent adducts with cellular macromolecules. this report examines the relative usefulness and limitations of using DNA and protein adducts and related techniques for assessing human exposure to genotoxic carcinogens. Data discussed in this report clearly demonstrate that these biomarkers not only allow early detection of potential cancer hazard in humans, but they can also significantly increase the power of conventional cancer epidemiological studies in determining true causal relationships. In addition, such biomarkers can improve extrapolation of cancer risks from laboratory animals to humans or from one human population to another.

关键词： DNA Carcinogen-Macromolecular Adducts As Biomarkers in Human Cancer Risk Assessment As

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“长治”工程的建设成就与经验

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中国水土保持 1995年第12期 1-5+61页

作者： Office of the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Soil and Water Conservation Committee Soil loss key prevention project of the upper Yangtze River was ratified by the State Counciland conducted in 1989． through six years countinued comprehensive prevention a

长江上游水土流失重点防治工程于１９８９年经国务院批准实施，经过６年的连续性综合防治，完成治理水土流失面积３．３万ｋｍ￣２，项目区发生了巨大变化，人均基本农田和经济果木达到６２０ｍ￣２和２１０ｍ￣２，粮食总产和经济收入... 详细信息

长江上游水土流失重点防治工程于１９８９年经国务院批准实施，经过６年的连续性综合防治，完成治理水土流失面积３．３万ｋｍ￣２，项目区发生了巨大变化，人均基本农田和经济果木达到６２０ｍ￣２和２１０ｍ￣２，粮食总产和经济收入比治理前增长２１．２９％和１０２．３８％，农业人均产粮和农村人均纯收入比治理前增长１８％和７２％。项目区林草覆盖率提高１８．３个百分点，各项工程年拦蓄地表径流量７７．８５亿ｍ￣３，年土壤侵蚀量减少６５．８０％。“长治”工程建设取得了显著的经济、生态和社会效益，并形成了一套行之有效的做法和经验。

关键词：长江上游水土保持重点治理治理成效治理经验

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Remote Sensing and GIS Application in the Detection of Environmental Degradation Indicators

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2011年第1期14卷 39-47页

作者： HadeelA S Mushtak t Jabbar CHEN Xiaoling State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying Mapping and Remote Sensing Wuhan University 129 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430079. China Department of Soil and Water College of Agriculture University of Basrah (Iraq) Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022. China

the main aim of this research is to highlight the environment change indicators during the last 20 years in a representative area of the southern part of Iraq （Basrah Province was taken as a case） to understand the main causes which led to widespread environment degradation phenomena using a 1：250000 mapping scale. Remote sensing and GIS＇s software were used to classify Landsat tM in 1990 and Landsat EtM＋ in 2003 imagery into five land use and land cover （LULC） classes： vegetation land, sand land, urban area, unused land, and water bodies. Supervised classification and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI）, Normalized Difference Build-up Index （NDBI）, Normalized Difference Water Index （NDWI）, Normalized Difference Salinity Index （NDSI）, and topsoil Grain Size Index （GSI） were adopted in this research and used respectively to retrieve its class boundary. the results showed a clear deterioration in vegetative cover （514.9 km2） and an increase of sand dune accumulations （438.6 km2）, accounting for 10.1, and 10.6 percent, respectively, of the total study area. In addition, a decrease in the water bodies＇ area was detected （228.9 kin2）. Sand area accumulations had increased in the total study area, with an annual increasing expansion rate of （33.7 km2 · yr^-1） during the thirteen years covered by the study. It is therefore imperative that Iraqi government undertake a series of prudent actions now that will enable to be in the best possible position when the current environmental crisis ultimately passes.

关键词： environment degradation LULC RS GIS classification indices

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temporal changes in nitrogen acquisition of Japanese black pine(Pinus thunbergii) associated with black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第3期25卷 585-589页

作者： M.L.Lopez C. C.Mizota Y.Nobori t.Sasaki t.Yamanaka Faculty of Agriculture Yamagata University1-23 Wakabamachi Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8555 Japan Faculty of Agriculture Iwate University Division of Earth Science Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University1-1 Naka 3-chome Tsushima Okayama Japan

the alien woody legume, black locust （Robinia pseudoaca-cia）, has invaded Japanese black pine （Pinus thunbergii） forests located in Japan’s coastal plain and hill regions where gaps are formed in pine forests after nematode infestation. Nitrogen fixation by legumes acceler-ates N cycling in forest ecosystems. We studied temporal change in the annual tree-ring resolution N stable isotope composition （δ15N, a per mil deviation of δ15N/14N ratio, relative to atmospheric N2δ15N=0‰） at two natural locations of Japanese black pine forest with black locust that differed in the time since black locust establishment （Shohnai in north-east and Kita-Kyushu in southwest Japan）. Analyzed tree-rings covered the period from 1990/1992 to 2009. N acquisition by Japanese black pine from black locust N input to the soil was evidenced by temporal shifting of N stable isotope composition on the annual pine tree rings. With pro-gressive development of the forest stand,δ15N values of earlier tree-ringsδ15N of -5‰） from black pine associated with black locust shifted to-wards values similar to those of black locustδ15N values nearly to-1‰）, which suggests acquisition of N by N2 fixation （Shohnai site）. In con-trast, in a forest where black locust had settled for two or three genera-tions, in a black pine stand （Kita-Kyushu site）, longer periods of N en-richment in the soil were reflected in the elevated tree-ringδ15N values of newly established black pine trees. Based on tree-ringδ15N data from the Shohnai site, we determined that about 10 years after black locust establishment, soil N had already been enriched by black locust N, this, in turn, contributed to N fertilization of surrounding trees in mixed stands.

关键词： δ15N natural abundance Japanese black pine black locust,nitrogen acquisition tree-ring

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A correlation between pulse diagnosis of human body and health monitoring of structures

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2004年第1期3卷 117-125页

作者： C.C.Chang Henry t.Y.Yang Department of Civil Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong Department of Mechanical and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California Department of Mechanical and Environmental Engineering University of California

the concept of health monitoring is a key aspect of the field of medicine that has been practiced for a long time. A commonly used diagnostic and health monitoring practice is pulse diagnosis, which can be traced back approximately five thousand years in the recorded history of China. With advances in the development of modern technology, the concept of health monitoring of a variety of engineering structures in several applications has begun to attract widespread attention. Of particular interest in this study is the health monitoring of civil structures. It seem natural, and even beneficial, that these two health-monitoring methods, one as applies to the human body and the other to civil structures, should be analyzed and compared. In this paper, the basic concepts and theories of the two monitoring methods are first discussed. Similarities are then summarized and commented upon. It is hoped that this correlation analysis may help provide structural engineers with some insights into the intrinsic concept of using pulse diagnosis in human health monitoring, which may of be some benefit in the development of modern structural health monitoring methods.

关键词： human health monitoring pulse diagnosis structural health monitoring vibration-based techniques local detection techniques

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Characterization for Fusion Candidate Vanadium Alloys

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Plasma Science and technology 2004年第4期6卷 2395-2399页

作者： t.Muroga t.Nagasaka J.M.Chen Z.Y.Xu Q.Y.Huang Y.C.Wu NationalInstituteforFusionScience Toki509-5292Japan SouthwesternInstituteofPhysics Chengdu610041China InstituteofPlasmaPhysics ChineseAcademyofSciencesHefei230031China

this paper summarizes recent achievements in the characterization ofcandidate vanadium alloys obtained for fusion in the framework of the Japan-China Core UniversityProgram. National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) has a program of fabricating high-purityV-4Cr-4ti alloys. the resulting products (NIFS-HEAt-1,2), were characterized by various researchgroups in the world including Chinese partners. South Western Institute of Physics (SWIP) fabricateda new V-4Cr-4ti alloy (SWIP-Heat), and carried out a comparative evaluation of hydrogenembrittlement of NIFS-HEAts and SWIP-Heat. the tensile test of hydrogen-doped alloys showed that theNIFS-HEAt maintained the ductility to relatively high hydrogen levels. the comparison of the datawith those of previous studies suggested that the reduced oxygen level in the NIFS-HEAts should beresponsible for the increased resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. Based on the chemical analysisdata of NIFS-HEAts and SWIP-Heats, neutron-induced activation was analyzed in Institute of PlasmaPhysics (IPP-CAS) as a function of cooling time after the use in the fusion first wall. the resultsshowed that the low level of Co dominates the activity up to 50 years followed by a domination of Nbor Nb and Al in the respective alloys. It was suggested that reduction of Co and Nb, both of whichare thought to have been introduced via cross-contamination into the alloys from the molds usedshould be crucial for reducing further the activation.

关键词： vanadium alloys characterization nuclear fusion

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Hadean Earth and primordial continents:the cradle of prebiotic life

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第2期8卷 309-327页

作者： M.Santosh t.Arai S.Maruyama School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China Department of Earth Sciences School of Physical SciencesUniversity of AdelaideSA 5005Australia Faculty of Science Kochi UniversityKochi 780-8520Japan Earth-Life Science Institute Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo 152-8551Japan Okayama University MisasaJapan

the Hadean history of Earth is shrouded in mystery and it is considered that the planet was born dry with no water or *** Earth-Moon system had many features in common during the birth *** of the dry magma ocean at 4.53 Ga generated primordial continents with *** speculate that the upper crust was composed of fractionated gabbros and the middle felsic crust by anorthosite at ca.21 km depth boundary,underlain by meta-anorthosite（grossular ＋ kyanite 4 quartz）down to 50-60 km in *** thickness of the mafic KREEP basalt in the lower crust,separating it from the underlying upper mantle is not well-constrained and might have been up to ca.100-200 km depending on the degree of fractionation and gravitational stability versus surrounding mantle *** primordial continents must have been composed of the final residue of dry magma ocean and enriched in several critical elements including Ca,Mg,Fe,Mn,P,K,and Cl which were exposed on the surface of the dry *** 190 million years after the solidification of the magma ocean, ＂ABEL bombardment＂ delivered volatiles including H_2O,CO_2,N_2 as well as silicate components through the addition of icy *** event continued for 200 Myr with subordinate bombardments until 3.9 Ga,preparing the Earth for the prebiotic chemical evolution and as the cradle of first *** to vigorous convection arising from high mantle potential temperatures,the primordial continents disintegrated and were dragged down to the deep mantle,marking the onset of Hadean plate tectonics.

关键词： Earth-Moon system Primordial continents ABEL bombardment tectonic erosion Hadean plate tectonics

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Long-term trends in Extreme temperatures in Hong Kong and Southern China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第1期28卷 147-157页

作者： t.C.LEE E.W.L.GINN Hong Kong Observatory

the observed long-term trends in extreme temperatures in Hong Kong were studied based on the meteorological data recorded at the Hong Kong Observatory Headquarters from 1885-2008. Results show that, over the past 124 years, the extreme daily minimum and maximum temperatures, as well as the length of the warm spell in Hong Kong, exhibit statistically significant long-term rising trends, while the length of the cold spell shows a statistically significant decreasing trend. the time-dependent return period analysis also indicated that the return period for daily minimum temperature at 4°C or lower lengthened considerably from 6 years in 1900 to over 150 years in 2000, while the return periods for daily maximum temperature reaching 35°C or above shortened drastically from 32 years in 1900 to 4.5 years in 2000. Past trends in extreme temperatures from selected weather stations in southern China from 1951-2004 were also assessed. Over 70% of the stations studied yielded a statistically significant rising trend in extreme daily minimum temperature, while the trend for extreme maximum temperatures was found to vary, with no significant trend established for the majority of stations.

关键词： extreme temperature long-term trend Hong Kong southern China

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Long-time Shoreline Monitoring of the Vellar Estuarine Complex,Southeast Coast of India:Using Multispectral Satellite Data

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Journal of Earth Science 2012年第6期23卷 900-907页

作者： L Senthilnathan E P Nobi t thangaradjou L Kannan Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine SciencesAnnamalai UniversityParangipettai-608502TamilnaduIndia

the present study was carried out to track the path of Vellar estuary over a period of 38 years （1970-2008） and also to detect the impact of tsunami on estuarine complex of the Vellar estuary. Visual interpretation techniques were employed by using muitispectral data of Landsat tM （1991） and IRS-P6 LISS III （2004, 2006, and 2008） to delineate shoreline changes in the VeUar estuarine complex. Results clearly revealed the changes that occurred along the estuarine path over the period, and severe erosion was noticed in the seaward side of the MGR thittu and accretion, along the estuarine mouth. It is also visible that there is clear river path shift in the river course. Although the sandbar formation was seen with only little morphologic modification up to 2004, the Indian Ocean tsunami that struck this coast （26 December, 2004） distorted the sandbar of the Vellar estuarine mouth; however, the 2006 satel- lite images confirmed that the sandbar was formed again to its original structure as that of before the tsunami.

关键词： estuary geomorphology IRS-P6 LISS III shoreline tsunami India.

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