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Women's experiences of formula feeding their infants:an interpretative phenomenological study

Frontiers of Nursing 2018年第1期5卷 49-59页

作者： Kin Yan sze Zenobia Chung Yee Chan Vico Chung lim Chiang School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Objective: This study aimed to explore the experiences of women in the process of formula feeding their infants. The World Health Organization has emphasized the importance of breastfeeding for infant health. After decades of breastfeeding promotions,breastfeeding rates in Hong Kong have been rising consistently; however, the low continuation rate is alarming. This study explores women's experiences with formula feeding their infants, including factors affecting their decision to do ***: A qualitative approach using an interpretative phenomenological analysis(IPA) was adopted as the study design. Data were collected from 2014 to 2015 through individual in-depth unstructured interviews with 16 women, conducted between 3 and 12 months after the birth of their infant. Data were analyzed using ***: Three main themes emerged as follows:(1) self-struggle, with the subthemes of feeling like a milk cow and feeling trapped;(2) family conflict, with the subtheme of sharing the spotlight; and(3) interpersonal tensions, with the subthemes of embarrassment,staring, and innocence. Many mothers suffered various stressors and frustrations during breastfeeding. These findings suggest a number of pertinent areas that need to be considered in preparing an infant feeding ***: The findings of this study reinforce our knowledge of women's struggles with multiple sources of pressure, such as career demands, childcare demands, and family life after giving birth. All mothers should be given assistance in making informed decisions about the optimal approach to feeding their babies given their individual situation and be provided with support to pursue their chosen feeding method.

关键词： formula feeding infant feeding breastfeeding feeding decision experience Qualitative interpretative phenom enological analysis women education support nurse nursing

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Realization of Tip Tilting By 8-Step Line Tilting

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第9期52卷 549-554页

作者： CHEN ying-Tian ZHANG Yang HU Sen HO Tso-Hsiu Boon Ham lim Chen Sin lim Department of Astronomy and Applied Physics University of Science and Technology of Cbina Hefei 230026 China Department of Mathematics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

By direct calculation of rotation matrices of SO(3),we show how certain specific sequence of eight consecutiverotations of digital angles can yield a tilting of a facet *** also design a detailed program specifically to tiltan array of mirrors from planar orientation to the required focusing *** describe how to use the 8-step torealize the focusing of the mirror *** have found,in our designed program,an important feature of row-sharingduring the rotations for the columns and similarly the column-sharing during the rotations for the *** feature cansave a lot of operating time during the actual realization of the mechanical movements.

关键词： rotational group solar energy optical device tip tilting line tilting

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Perceptual quantization parameter selection for crime scene investigation tool images

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2023年第1期17卷 241-243页

作者： Yanchao GONG Zhao LI Zhuang WANG Kaifang YANG ying LIU Keng Pang lim School of Communications and Information Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China School of Electronic and Information Engineering Chongqing Three Gorges UniversityChongqing 404000China School of Computer Science Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119China XsecPro Pte.Ltd. Singapore 787820Singapore

1 Introduction Crime scene investigation(CSI)is critical for solving criminal cases and court ***,all CSI data must be kept as electronic files in specific systems according to relevant *** files,including reconstructed CSI images,provides great convenience for the public security and court to store,manage,display,and analyze CSI data more *** coding which pursues higher reconstructed quality of CSI images using lower coding rate plays a very important role in the above *** with the previous image coding standards,high efficiency video coding(HEVC)still image coding technique significantly improves the image coding *** coding efficiency of HEVC is closely related to the selected quantization parameter(QP).

关键词： parameter image CSI

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Impacts of different drying strategies on drying characteristics,the retention of bio-active ingredient and colour changes of dried Roselle

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第2期26卷 303-316页

作者： Thing Chai Tham Mei Xiang Ng Shu Hui Gan Lee Suan Chua Ramlan Aziz Luqman Chuah Abdullah sze Pheng Ong Nyuk Ling Chin Chung lim Law Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJaian Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor D.E.Malaysia Institute of Bioproduct Development Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaUTMJohor Bahru81310 SkudaiMalaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Process and Food Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia

The drying kinetics of Roselle （Hibiscus sabdariffa L） of variety Terengganu （UMKL-1） and the quality attribution of Roselle were studied. The experiments were conducted using four different drying methods, including solar greenhouse drying （SD）, solar greenhouse with intermittent heat pump drying （SIHP）, hot air drying （HA） and heat pump drying （HP）. Among the four drying methods, HP achieved the highest drying rate at a range from 0.054 g H20-（g DM）-1. rain-1 to 0.212 g H20-（g DM）-1. rain 1 while SD had the lowest drying rate, measured at 0.042 g H2O. （g DM） ***- 1. The analysis on colour kinetics revealed that there is no significant colour loss （p 〉 0.05） observed from HP＇s dried Roselle. Greater amount of flavonoid compounds i.e. protocatechuic acid was found in SD and SIHP dried finished product whereas HP＇s dried Roselle contains higher percentage of catechin as compared to other drying methods.

关键词： Hibiscus sabdariffa L.Drying Heat pump Total colour change Protocatechuic acid Catechin

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Case Report of a Patient with Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome Undergoing Breast Surgery under Regional Anaesthesia and Review of Literature

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2018年第3期8卷 66-79页

作者： Jieyin Xing sze ying Thong Department of Anaesthesia Singapore General Hospital Singapore

Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome is a rare acquired pulmonary disorder that develops secondary to infectious etiologies in early childhood. Patients who are affected have the potential of developing perioperative respiratory complications. While regional anaesthetic techniques are often performed as adjuncts to general anaesthesia, there is less data on breast operations being done solely under regional anaesthesia. We herein describe a patient with Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome who underwent breast lesion wide excision under combined paravertebral and pectoral nerves block, supplemented with propofol infusion for sedation. Choice of blocks was decided upon based on knowledge on the anatomy. Sole regional anaesthetic techniques have been the safest approach in some circumstances and should always be considered in patients who are of high risk under general anaesthesia.

关键词： Breast Surgery Regional Anaesthesia Paravertebral Nerve Block Pecs Block Swyer-James-MacLeod Syndrome

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Digitalized Mirror Array and Its Application in Large Telescope:Principle and Case Studies

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2009年第10期52卷 750-760页

作者： CHEN ying-Tian ZHANG Yang HU Sen Ho Tso-Hsiu Boon Ham lim Chen Sin lim Kok Keong Chong Boon Kok Tan University of Science and Technology of China Department of Astronomy and Applied Physics Hefei 230026 China University of Science and Technology of China Department of Mathematics Hefei 230026 China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Tunku Abdul Rahman Faculty of Engineering and Science Selangor Malaysia

In this article, we report the principle and conceptual design of a fundamentally different technology in fabricating high precision aberration free optical devices. The tip-tilt of facet in a mirror array is produced by digitally controlled line-tilts of rows and columns. It has not only provided a cost-effective designing methodology in optical physics but also led to a much finer precision of 1 mili arc sec or less. As examples of the application of the proposed digitalised optics, two case studies have been given： a 10 m Schmidt telescope （off-axis） and an 8 m Cassegrain telescope （on-axis）.

关键词： tip-tilting line-tilting Schmidt telescope aberration correction cassegrain telescope

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Age exerts a continuous effect in the outcomes of Asian breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving therapy

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Cancer Communications 2018年第1期38卷 410-420页

作者： Fuh Yong Wong Wei ying Tham Wen Long Nei Cindy lim Hui Miao Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore11 Hospital DriveSingapore 169610Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Background:Asians are diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger age than Caucasians *** studied the effect of age on locoregional recurrence and the survival of Asian breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving ***:Medical records of 2492 patients treated with breast-conserving therapy between 1989 and 2012 were *** Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate locoregional recurrence,breast cancer-free survival,and breast cancer-specific survival *** rates were then compared using log-rank *** and age were modeled by Cox proportional *** polynomials were then used to test for non-linear relationships between age and ***:Patients≤40 years old were more likely to have locoregional recurrence than were older patients(Hazard ratio[HR]=2.32,P<0.001).Locoregional recurrence rates decreased year-on-year by 4%for patients with luminal-type breast cancers,compared with 8%for those with triple-negative ***,breast cancer-free survival rates increased year-on-year by 4%versus 8%for luminal-type and triple-negative cancers,*** cancer-spe-cific survival rates increased with age by 5%*** breast cancer-free survival and breast cancer-specific survival rates in patients with luminal cancers exhibited a non-linear(“L-shaped”)relationship-where decreasing age at presentation was associated with escalating risks of relapse and *** influence of age on overall survival was confounded by competing non-cancer deaths in older women,resulting in a“U-shaped”***:Young Asian breast cancer patients have a continuous year-on-year increase in rates of disease relapse and cancer deaths compared with older patients with no apparent threshold.

关键词： Breast cancer Breast-conserving therapy Locoregional recurrence Breast cancer-specific survival Breast cancer-free survival Younger age

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Safety control of waste cooking oil:transforming hazard into multifarious products with available pre-treatment processes

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Food Materials Research 2022年第1期2卷 1-11页

作者： Wei Han Foo Sherlyn sze Ning Koay Doris ying ying Tang Wen Yi Chia Kit Wayne Chew Pau Loke Show School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaJalan SunsuriaBandar Sunsuria43900 SepangSelangorMalaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

The increase in worldwide vegetable oil consumption has produced a large increase in hazardous waste cooking oil(WCO)*** improper disposal of WCO has been a significant problem from both an environmental and economic ***,it is advantageous to transform WCOs into valuable products efficiently and effectively in order to contribute towards the establishment of a circular *** this review,the current state of WCO is discussed in relation to WCO production and *** valorisation rate of each country can be categorised into three groups related to the consumption of vegetable oil,production and valorisation of WCO,as well as the production,conversion and valorisation *** any valorisation and processing of WCO can be carried out,pretreatments are crucially needed in refining and upgrading WCOs,specifically to reduce their free fatty acid(FFA)*** could help to produce refined WCOs with appropriate feedstock properties suitable for value-added applications in oleochemical ***,several pretreatment methods(e.g.,solid impurities removal,FFA reduction,moisture removal)have been summarized and evaluated in *** transformation of WCO into valuable products including alkyd resin,green solvent,soap,plastics and plasticizer are also *** technological advances have made WCO feasible as sustainable feedstocks for oleochemical production,but not limited to biofuel production which in turn maximizes the value of this hazardous waste and turns WCO into a sustainable source.

关键词： cooking moisture refined

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Cellular and molecular overview of gestational diabetes mellitus:Is it predictable and preventable?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第11期14卷 1693-1709页

作者： Pei-Qi lim Yen-Ju Lai Pei-ying Ling Kuo-Hu Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taiwan Adventist HospitalTaipei 105TaiwanChina School of Medicine George Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taipei Tzu-Chi General HospitalTaipei 231TaiwanChina

BACKGROUND In contrast to overt diabetes mellitus(DM),gestational DM(GDM)is defined as impaired glucose tolerance induced by pregnancy,which may arise from exaggerated physiologic changes in glucose *** prevalence is reported to be as high as 20%among pregnancies depending on the screening method,gestational age,and the population *** and fetal effects of uncontrolled GDM include stillbirth,macrosomia,neonatal diabetes,birth trauma,and subsequent postpartum ***,it is essential to find the potential target population and associated predictive and preventive measures for future intensive peripartum *** To review studies that explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms of GDM as well as predictive measures and prevention *** The search was performed in the Medline and PubMed databases using the terms“gestational diabetes mellitus,”“overt diabetes mellitus,”and“insulin resistance.”In the literature,only full-text articles were considered for inclusion(237 articles).Furthermore,articles published before 1997 and duplicate articles were *** a final review by two experts,all studies(1997-2023)included in the review met the search terms and search strategy(identification from the database,screening of the studies,selection of potential articles,and final inclusion).RESULTS Finally,a total of 79 articles were collected for *** risk factors for GDM included maternal obesity or overweight,pre-existing DM,and polycystic ovary *** pathophysiology of GDM involves genetic variants responsible for insulin secretion and glycemic control,pancreaticβcell depletion or dysfunction,aggravated insulin resistance due to failure in the plasma membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4,and the effects of chronic,low-grade ***,many antepartum measurements including adipokines(leptin),body mass ratio(waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio),and biomarkers(microRNA in extra

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Overt diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance Diabetes mellitus

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Extending the nuclear chart by continuum:From oxygen to titanium

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2013年第11期56卷 2031-2036页

作者： QU Xiaoying CHEN ying ZHANG ShuangQuan ZHAO PengWei SHIN Ik Jae lim Yeunhwan KIM Youngman MENG Jie College of Science Guizhou Minzu University School of Physics and Nuclear Energy Engineering Beihang University State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology School of PhysicsPeking University Rare Isotope Science Project Institute for Basic Science Department of Physics Education Daegu University Department of Physics University of Stellenbosch

Nuclear masses ranging from O to Ti isotopes are systematically investigated with relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogoliubov(RCHB)theory,which can provide a proper treatment of pairing correlations in the presence of the *** O to Ti isotopes,there are 402 nuclei predicted to be bound by the density functional *** the 234 nuclei with mass measured,the root mean square(rms)deviation is 2.23 *** is found that the proton drip-lines predicted with various mass models are roughly the same and basically agree with the *** neutron drip-lines predicted,however,are quite *** to the continuum couplings,the neutron drip-line nuclei predicted are extended further neutron-rich than other mass *** comparison with finite-range droplet model(FRDM),the neutron drip-line nucleus predicted by RCHB theory has respectively2(O),10(Ne),10(Na),6(Mg),8(Al),6(Si),8(P),6(S),14(K),10(Ca),10(Sc),and 12(Ti)more neutrons.

关键词： relativistic continuum Hartree-Bogouliubov theory nuclear mass table O to Ti isotopes

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